采用改进的银离子辅助种子法合成了AuNRs,由AuNRs、AgNO3和NaOH-甘氨酸缓冲溶液制备一种涂料的表面功能化修饰剂,用于水性无机粉状涂料(HEB-01涂料)的批涂、滚涂和无气压喷涂等涂层的表面功能化修饰,赋予涂层具有去除室内空气中甲醛的功能.

HCHO could reduce Ag+ to Ag on the surface of AuNRs to form Au core–Ag shell nanorods (Au@Ag↓NRs) in AuNRs–Ag+–HCHO system, which caused LPAB of AuNRs to redshift. Thus, a responsive AuNRs colorimetric sensor for the detection HCHO has been developed.

采用双硫腙/多壁碳纳米管修饰电极差分脉冲溶出伏安法测定猪肝和猪肾中镉(Ⅱ)的含量.优化的试验条件如下:①0.1 mol·L-1乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液(底液)的pH为6.0;②双硫腙的用量为3 μL;③多壁碳纳米管的用量为10 μL;④沉积时间为300 s;⑤沉积电位为-1.2 V;⑥平衡时间为40 s.镉(Ⅱ)在一定的浓度范围内与其峰电流呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为1.0×10-9mol·L-1.方法应用于猪肝和猪肾样品的分析,测定值与石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定值相符,方法的回收率在94.0％～108％之间.

A new solid substrate-room temperature phosphorimetry (SS-RTP) method for colchicine (COL) detection has been established based on its strong catalytic effect on H2O2 oxidation of acridine yellow (AY), which sharply quenched the room temperature phosphorimetry (RTP) of AY.

In this paper, the fluorescence spectra of Rhod 6G (rhodamine 6G)–K2S2O8–PPH (perphenazine) were studied. We found that Rhod 6G existed in the form of Rhod 6G+ under the conditions of 60°C, 10min and pH 5.42, and Rhod 6G+ can emit strong and stable fluorescence. Further study showed that when PPH and Rhod 6G+ coexisted, the ester exchange reaction carried out between OH of PPH and COOC2H5 of Rhod 6G+ to produced Rhod 6G+–PPH compound. More interestingly, K2S2O8 could oxidize Rhod 6G+ and quench its RTP signal, while PPH was oxidized to red compound PPH′ by K2S2O8, and Rhod 6G+–PPH′ and PPH were produced in the ester exchange reaction between the OH of PPH′ and the COOC2H5 of Rhod 6G+–PPH. In the above process, PPH catalyzed K2S2O8 oxidizing Rhod 6G, which caused the fluorescence signal of the system to quench sharply. Hence, a catalytic fluorescence quenching method for the determination of residual PPH has been developed based on the its catalyzing K2S2O8 oxidize rhodamine 6G. This sensitive, accurate, simple and selective fluorescence quenching method was used to determine residual PPH in biological samples with the results consisting with those obtained by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), showing good accuracy. The structures of Rhod 6G+, PPH and Rhod 6G+–PPH were characterized by infrared spectra. The reaction mechanism of the determination of PPH was also discussed.

CdTe-Cys-QDs with a grain diameter of 10.2 nm were synthesized by modifying CdTe quantum dots (QDs) using cysteine (Cys), and their structure was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The CdTe-Cys-QDs could emit a strong and stable room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) on the polyamide membrane (PAM), and they were oxidized by H2O2 to form CdTe-Cys-QDs', resulting in increasing defects on the surface of the CdTe-Cys-QDs and the RTP signals to quench. More interestingly, As(V) can catalyze H2O2 to oxidize the CdTe-Cys-QDs, to quench the RTP signal of the system sharply, showing that the catalyzing reaction has a signal amplification effect on the RTP of the system. Based on the above phenomenom, a new CdTe-Cys-QDs phosphorescence sensor for the determination of trace As(V) has been developed. This simple, rapid and sensitive (the limit of detection (LOD) is 2.1 × 10−18 g mL−1.) CdTe-Cys-QDs phosphorescence sensor has been utilized to detect As(V) in human hair, tea and water samples, and the results are consistent with those obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Meanwhile, the morphological characterization changes of the CdTe-QDs and CdTe-Cys-QDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) spectra and fluorescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, the sensing mechanism for the determination of As(V) by CdTe-Cys-QDs phosphorescence sensor was also discussed.

A highly sensitive fluorescent probe for clenbuterol hydrochloride (CLB) detection has been first designed based on its catalytic effect on NaIO4 oxidating eosine Y (R). And this environment-friendly, simple, rapid, selective and sensitive fluorescent probe has been utilized to detect CLB in the practical samples with the results consisting with those obtained by GC/MS. The structures of R and CLB were characterized by infrared spectra. The mechanism of the proposed assay for the detection of CLB was also discussed.

Procaterol hydrochloride (Prh) can inhibit KClO3 oxidation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to form a non-phosphorescent compound, which causes room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of FITC in the system to enhance sharply the linear relationship between ∆Ip and the Prh content. Thus, a rapid response and highly sensitive phosphorescence sensor for the determination of Prh has been developed based on the inhibiting effect of Prh on KClO3 oxidation of FITC. This simple, high sensitivity (detection limit (LD) calculated by 3Sb /k was 0.019 fg/spot, sample volume 0.40 µl, corresponding concentration 4.8 × 10(-14) g ml(-1) ) and selective sensor with a wide linear range (0.080-11.20 g/spot) has been applied to detect Prh in blood samples, and the results were consistent with those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Simultaneously, the mechanism of the phosphorescence sensor for the detection of Prh was also investigated using infrared spectroscopy.

A novel fluorescent sensor has been designed for the determination of terbutaline sulfate (TBS).

Fluorescein (HFin) could emit strong and stable room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) signal on polyamide membrane (PAM) using Pb2+ as the ion perturber. Carbaryl could activate effect on NaIO4 oxidating HFin, which caused the RTP signal of the system to quench sharply. The phosphorescence intensity (ΔI p) of activating system higher 3.3 times (119.4/36.0) than that of non-activating system, and is directly proportional to the content of carbaryl. Thus, an activating solid substrate room temperature phosphorimetry (SSRTP) for carbaryl detection has been established. This sensitive (the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 2.0 × 10−13 g mL−1), selective, simple and rapid method has been applied to determine trace carbaryl in water samples with the results consisting with those obtained by fluorimetry, showing its high accuracy. The apparent activation energy (E) and rate constant (k) of this activating reaction were 20.77 kJ mol−1 and 1.85 × 10−4 s−1, respectively. Meanwhile, the mechanism of activating SSRTP for carbaryl detection was also discussed using infrared spectra (IR).

We report a new catalytic biosensor for the detection of rhamnose (Rha) based on combining the high sensitivity of a fluorescence method with the high selectivity of a catalytic reaction.

Polyamide membrane-wheat germ agglutinin-poly vinyl alcohol-affinity adsorption imprinting (abbreviated to PAM-WGA-PVA-AAI) was prepared using alkaline phosphatase (AP) as the template. The cavity in PAM-WGA-PVA-AAI not only matched with AP very well, but also had a sensitive response to AP. The Morin-SiO2-AbAP was obtained using Morin-SiO2 to label AbAP (goat anti human AP antibody). When AbAP-Morin-SiO2 was added to PAM-WGA-PVA-AAI, PAM-AP-AbAP-Morin-SiO2 formed by the immunoreaction between AbAP and AP in PAM-WGA-PVA-AAI due to the affinity between AbAP and AP was stronger than that between AP and WGA. The product could emit room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) because of the heavy atom effect of Pb2+. Motivated by the sensitive response of cavity in PAM-WGA-PVA-AAI to AP, a new PAM-WGA-PVA-AAI phosphorescence sensor for determination of trace AP and prediction of human diseases has been developed using PAM-WGA-PVA-AAI technique. The proposed sensor was sensitive (the detection limit (DL): 0.18agspot−1, corresponding concentration: 7.2×10−17gmL−1 or 7.2×10−19molL−1), simple, rapid and highly selective, and it has been applied to the determination of trace AP in human serum and the forecast of human diseases, with the results agreeing well with those obtained by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Meanwhile, the mechanism of this PAM-WGA-PVA-AAI phosphorescence sensor was discussed also.

Bright red-emissive gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) were synthesized by a facile one-pot approach in aqueous solution using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a protecting agent. A new BSA-AuNC fluorescent sensor for the detection of S2− has been designed based on the sharp fluorescence quenching of BSA-AuNCs, which results from the degradation of its structure due to the formation of Au2S by the reaction between Au and S2−. The proposed highly sensitive (the detection limit [LD] was 0.029μM) and selective sensor was applied to the detection of S2− in the presence of high concentrations of different anions in aqueous solution, and the results were in good agreement with those determined by electrochemical methods. The sensor is shown to be environmentally friendly, simple, responsive and practical. Meanwhile, the morphological changes of BSA-AuNCs and BSA-AuNCs-S2− were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Furthermore, the sensing mechanism for the detection of S2− is discussed.

Hg0, the product of vitamin C (Vc) reducing Hg2+, could react with Au along on the longitudinal axis of gold nanorods (AuNRs) to form gold amalgamation (AuHg2(L)), which caused the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption peak of AuNRs to blue shift (Δλ) and the absorbance (A) to decrease. However, the strong coordination between hydrosulfide group ( SH) in cysteine (Cys) and Hg2+ can effectively inhibit the formation of AuHg2(L), resulting in that the LSPR absorption peak of AuNRs red shift (Δλ), the corresponding absorbance enhances as well as the color of solution obviously changes. Thus, a responsive, sensitive and simple non-aggregation AuNRs colorimetric sensor for the determination of Cys has been developed based on the inhibiting effect of Cys on Vc reducing Hg2+. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of this sensor is 0.030 μM, which is much lower than that of aggregation colorimetric sensor and gold nanocluster fluorometry, showing its great sensitivity. What is more, the sensor has been applied to the detecting of Cys in human urine samples with the results agreeing well with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), showing its great practicality. Furthermore, the morphological changes of AuNRs were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and the sensing mechanism for the determination of Cys was also discussed.

The strong coordination of hydrosulfide groups(-SH) in cysteine(Cys) with Hg2+ results in a stable Hg(Cys)2 complex,which inhibits vitamine C(Vc) to reduce Hg2+ to form Hg0 and further inhibits the reaction between Hg0 and Au at the tips of gold nanorods(AuNRs) to form gold amalgamation(AuHg2(L)).As a result,the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) peak of AuNRs red shifts and the corresponding absorbance(A) increass along with a rapid color change from red to blue.Simultaneously,A gradually enlarges with the increase of Cys content.Bearing this in mind,a quick,sensitive and simple non-aggregation AuNRs colorimetric sensor for the determination of Cys has been established.Under optimized experimental conditions,the developed colorimetric sensor gave a linear range of 0.050~3.0 μmol/L with a limit of quantization(LOQ) of 0.030 μmol/L.The proposed colorimetric sensor has been successfully applied to the determination of Cys in human urine samples,the results agreed well with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy(ICP-MS).Furthermore,the sensing mechanism for the determination of Cys is also discussed.

Based on the reaction of the active -OH group in fullerol (F) with the dissociated -COOH group in fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to form an F-FITC and the enhanced effect of N, N-dimethylaniline (DMA) on phosphorescence signal of F-FITC, a new phosphorescent labeling reagent (DMA-F-FITC) was developed. What's more, a phosphorescent sensor for the determination of alpha-fetoprotein variant (AFP-V) has been designed via the coupling technique of the high sensitivity for affinity adsorption-solid substrate-room temperature phosphorimetry (AA-SS-RTP) with the strong specificity reaction between DMA-F-FITC-Con A and AFP-V. The DMA-F-FITC increased the number of luminescent molecules in the biological target which improved the sensitivity of phosphorescent sensor. The proposed sensor was responsive, simple, selective and sensitive, and it has been applied to the determination of trace AFP-V in human serum and the forecast of human diseases using phosphorescence emission wavelength of F or FITC, with the results agreed well with those obtained by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Meanwhile, the mechanisms for the labeling reaction and the sensing detection of AFP-V were discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

I− could accelerate the selective etching along longitudinal direction of gold nanorods (AuNRs) induced by Fe3+ in HCl medium, which decreased the aspect ratio (length/width) of AuNRs, and thus the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption peaks of AuNRs blue shifted (Δλ = λ0 − λ), the corresponding absorbance decreased (ΔA = A0 − A), and the color of the solution obviously changed. Therefore, a non-aggregation AuNRs colorimetric sensor for the detection of I− was developed. The proposed colorimetric sensor is responsive, simple, selective and sensitive with the limit of quantization (LOQ) of 8.8 × 10−8 M. The highly accurate sensor has been used to determine the content of I− in table salt samples with the results consistent with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Moreover, the morphological changes of AuNRs during the etching procedure were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and the sensing mechanism for I− detection was also discussed.

β-CD-HMTA-L-Tyr complex, formed in the host guest inclusion reaction carried out between host molecule β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in β-CD-HMTA (HMTA is methenamine) and guest molecule L-tryptophan (L-Tyr), possessing the characteristic of room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) reacted with L-Tyr to form a complex of cage structure bringing in the sharply RTP signal quenching of L-Tyr. Based on the above facts, a new ultra-sensitive solid substrate room temperature phosphorimetry (SSRTP) for the determination of trace protein has been established using β-CD-HMTA-L-Tyr complex as a phosphorescence probe. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range of this method was 0.0040–0.56agspot−1 with a detection limit (D.L.) as 0.92zgspot−1, and the regression equations of working curve was ΔIp=0.8239+162.5 mBSA (agspot−1, n=8) with the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9994. The relatively standard deviation (RSD) and the recovery of SSRTP were 4.8–3.3% and 96.7–102%, respectively, indicating that this method had good repeatability. The proposed phosphorescence probe has been applied in the detection of protein in real samples and the results agreed well with those obtained with SSRTP using methylene blue-sodium tetraphenylborate as phosphorescence probe. Meanwhile, the reaction mechanism for the determination of trace protein with β-CD-HMTA-L-Tyr complex as phosphorescence probe has been discussed.

In this sensing system, vitamin C (Vc) could reduce Hg2+ to Hg0, which selectively deposited on the tips of gold nanorods (AuNRs) to form gold amalgamation due to the shielding effect of the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on the transverse site of AuNRs. As a result, the aspect ratio (length/width) of AuNRs was decreased and the morphology of AuNRs was changed. When the concentration of Vc was in the range of 0.11–85.0μM, the longitudinal plasmon absorption wavelength (LPAW, λL) blue shifted (ΔλL); while in the range of 85.0–385μM, the transversal plasmon absorption wavelength (TPAW, λT) red shifted (ΔλT) gradually, as well as the color of the solution changed obviously. Thus, a non-aggregation colorimetric sensor for rapid determination of Vc has been developed. The detection limit (LD) of this sensor is 3.5×10−9gVcmL−1 for λL and 5.1×10−6gVcmL−1 for λT, respectively, which is much lower than that of aggregation colorimetric sensor, showing its great sensitivity. What's more, the sensor has been applied to the detecting of Vc in real samples with the results agreeing well with aggregation colorimetric sensor using λL, showing its great practicality. At the same time, the structures of AuNRs were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the sensing mechanism for the detection of Vc has been discussed.

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) protected by bovine serum albumin (BSA) can emit red photoluminescence under illumination by ultraviolet light. The luminescence of the BSA–AuNCs was quenched when Cu2+ chelated with glycine in the BSA chain and generated BSA–AuNCs–Cu2+, while the luminescence of the BSA–AuNCs restored when pyrophosphate ion (P2O74−, PPi) was added and chelated with Cu2+, resulting in Cu2+ being removed from the surface of BSA–AuNCs. Bearing this in mind, herein we present a novel BSA–AuNCs–Cu2+ fluorescent sensor for PPi detection. This environmentally-friendly, simple, rapid and selective fluorescent sensor possesses a wide linear range (0.16–78.1 μM) and a high sensitivity (the limit of detection (LD) is 0.083 μM), which could also determine PPi in the effluent of copper plating with the results consistent with those obtained by absorptiometry. Furthermore, the morphologies of BSA–AuNCs, BSA–AuNCs–Cu2+ and BSA–AuNCs–Cu2+-PPi were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The mechanism of the proposed assay for PPi detection has been discussed.