The central eastern Florida shelf edge is a highly dynamic area that supports an important yet vulnerable deepsea coral reefs ecosystem, the Oculina Coral Habitat Area of Particular Concern. Rapid and large short-terms (days to weeks) changes of bottom temperature (up to 9 C) and pCO2 (up to 180 mu atm) were observed at the shelfbreak during a two-month (May 13-July 10, 2017) deployment of a lander package. An analysis suggests that these changes are the combined results of tides, the Gulf Stream meandering, and submesoscale eddies and filaments. The processes responsible for sub-tidal variability may include 1) the Gulf Stream frontal movements, 2) upwelling/downwelling of slope waters in association with the Gulf Stream variability, and 3) submesoscale processes and associated vertical movements. Satellite images also frequently show a narrow plume of elevated chlorophyll concentration that stretches from the coast northward up to >200 km along the Gulf Stream front during late spring and early summer. Our analysis indicates that these phytoplankton blooms in the plume are likely supported by the nutrient supply from the nutrients-rich slope waters to the shelf edge and subsequent local vertical mixing. Carbon export associated with these blooms can be an important food source to the Oculina corals. Upwelling of slope waters, on the other hand, will lead to increased CO2 and reduced pH and aragonite saturation state along the shelf edge. Therefore, these dynamic processes may have strong impacts on the health and sustainability of the Oculina coral ecosystem.

Supplementary Figure 3 from Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases Sensitizes Malignant Cells to Death Receptor Ligands

Abstract PCTAIRE1 is distant relative of the cyclin-dependent kinase family that has been implicated in spermatogenesis and neuronal development, but it has not been studied in cancer. Here, we report that PCTAIRE1 is expressed in prostate, breast, and cervical cancer cells, where its RNAi-mediated silencing causes growth inhibition with aberrant mitosis due to defects in centrosome dynamics. PCTAIRE1 was not similarly involved in proliferation of nontransformed cells, including diploid human IMR-90 fibroblasts. Through yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified tumor suppressor p27 as a PCTAIRE1 interactor. In vitro kinase assays showed PCTAIRE1 phosphorylates p27 at Ser10. PCTAIRE1 silencing modulated Ser10 phosphorylation on p27 and led to its accumulation in cancer cells but not in nontransformed cells. In a mouse xenograft model of PPC1 prostate cancer, conditional silencing of PCTAIRE1 restored p27 protein expression and suppressed tumor growth. Mechanistic studies in HeLa cells showed that PCTAIRE1 phosphorylates p27 during the S and M phases of the cell cycle. Notably, p27 silencing was sufficient to rescue cells from mitotic arrest caused by PCTAIRE1 silencing. Clinically, PCTAIRE1 was highly expressed in primary breast and prostate tumors compared with adjacent normal epithelial tissues. Together our findings reveal an unexpected role for PCTAIRE1 in regulating p27 stability, mitosis, and tumor growth, suggesting PCTAIRE1 as a candidate cancer therapeutic target. Cancer Res; 74(20); 5795–807. ©2014 AACR.

Supplementary Figure 2 from Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases Sensitizes Malignant Cells to Death Receptor Ligands

Supplementary Data from Expression of p21 Protein Predicts Clinical Outcome in DLBCL Patients Older than 60 Years Treated with R-CHOP but not CHOP: A Prospective ECOG and Southwest Oncology Group Correlative Study on E4494

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases Sensitizes Malignant Cells to Death Receptor Ligands

Supplementary Figures 1-4 from Apoptotic Activity and Mechanism of 2-Cyano-3,12-Dioxoolean-1,9-Dien-28-Oic-Acid and Related Synthetic Triterpenoids in Prostate Cancer

Supplementary Figure 1 from Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases Sensitizes Malignant Cells to Death Receptor Ligands

Supplementary Figures 1-5 from Mice Lacking bi-1 Gene Show Accelerated Liver Regeneration

Supplementary Figure 5 from BAG3 Regulates Motility and Adhesion of Epithelial Cancer Cells

PDF - 2226KB, Cell viability assays of A) breast cancer cell lines treated with increasing concentrations of the indicated IAP antagonists, B) cancer cells isolated from a patient mammary tumor fragment pretreated with vehicle or 5 μM of the indicated IAP antagonists for 4 h before treatment with TRAIL for a further 20 h, C) MDA-MB-231 cells pretreated with vehicle or 5 μM of the indicated IAP antagonists for 20 h before treatment with TRAIL for a further 20 h and D) MDA-MB-231 cells pretreated with vehicle, 100 μM 3-FC, 5 μM MLS-0390982 or both for 4 h before treatment with TRAIL for a further 20 h. E) Caspase-3/-7 activity assay with NB7 cells expressing empty vector (NB7+Empty Vector), caspase-8 or inactive caspase-8 (C360A) pretreated with 5 μM SBI-0636457 before treatment with 100 ng/mL TRAIL for 4 h. Activity is in relative units.

Supplementary Figures 1-5 from Mice Lacking <i>bi-1</i> Gene Show Accelerated Liver Regeneration

Supplementary Fig. from Gambogic acid is an antagonist of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins

Supplementary Figure 1, Table 1 from Mechanism by Which Mcl-1 Regulates Cancer-Specific Apoptosis Triggered by mda-7/IL-24, an IL-10–Related Cytokine

Supplementary Data from Apogossypol derivatives as antagonists of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins

This chapter reviews the current knowledge regarding Cuba’s mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs). The first studies of MCEs in Cuba were conducted by Kühlmann in 1964 and Zlatarski and Martínez Estalella in the 1970s. In 2017, a joint Cuba-USA expedition was conducted to characterize the MCEs along the entire coastline of Cuba using remotely operated vehicle surveys. A total of 477 taxa of benthic macrobiota and 151 species of fish were identified, and 343 specimens of benthic invertebrates and algae were collected to verify taxonomy and assess population genetic structure. The primary geomorphological features are the deep island slope (125– >150 m), deep fore-reef escarpment (the “wall,” 50–125 m), and deep fore-reef slope (30–50 m). Most vertical surfaces of the wall have dense cover of sponges, algae, octocorals, and black corals. Cuban mesophotic corals appeared quite healthy as compared to many shallow Caribbean reef sites; only 0.53% (mainly Agaricia spp.) showed signs of bleaching, and just 0.09% displayed signs of disease/morbidity. Percent cover of the bottom was dominated by algae (23.45%) and sponges (20.41%). Sites outside of marine protected areas generally had lower fish abundances, a possible indicator of historical overfishing. Lionfish were observed at most sites, but abundances were low compared to other Caribbean regions. Cuba’s MCEs encompass the entire Cuban archipelago, representing a vast and ecologically important resource that may play an important role in regional coral reef connectivity and persistence across the Gulf of Mexico and wider Caribbean.

PDF - 53KB, Legend for Supplementary Figure 1.

Supplementary Figures and Tables. Supplementary Fig. S1. Knockdown of PCTAIRE1 in PPC1 cells. Supplementary Fig. S2. Knockdown of PCTAIRE1 inhibits growth of Du145, MDA-MB-468 and HeLa cells. Supplementary Fig. S3. PCTAIRE1 regulates centrosome dynamics. Supplementary Fig. S4. PCTAIRE1 phosphorylates p27 at Ser10. Supplementary Fig. S5. PCTAIRE1 knockdown leads to accumulation of p27. Supplementary Fig. S6. Apoptosis induced by PCTAIRE1 knockdown, and subcellular localization of Eg5 in PCTAIRE1 knockdown cancer cells. Supplementary Fig. S7. Characterization of rabbit anti-PCTAIRE1 antibody and correlation of PCTAIRE1 and p27 expression. Supplementary Fig. S8. PCTAIRE1 expression is upregulated in cancers, and high PCTAIRE1 levels correlate with poor patient prognosis. Supplementary Table S1. Specific interaction of PCTAIRE1 with p27.

Supplementary Figure 4 from Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases Sensitizes Malignant Cells to Death Receptor Ligands