The Institute for Local Government is a research and knowledge exchange partnership which was established to facilitate collaboration between some of the North East’s major public sector institutions and its academic community drawn from the region’s Universities.This chapter presents a summary and reflection on its roles, activities, funding, outputs and outcomes, operational experience, the problems of long-term sustainability and the lessons that can be drawn from this pioneering initiative in the North East throughout the last decade and the implications for the next decade.

This paper analyses the recent reorganisation of sub-national planning in England. The abrupt termination in 2010 of regional spatial strategies (RSSs) left England as the only major country in north-western Europe without effective sub-national governance structures (outside London) for spatial planning. Drawing on in-depth interviews with public-sector planners and other research material, this paper analyses the impacts of the demise of regional planning for ‘larger-than-local’ policy coordination in England. The paper seeks to question whether localism can succeed where regionalism is perceived to have failed in dealing effectively with the strategic spatial dilemmas integral to planning. It concludes by assessing whether the evolving decentralised forms of sub-national governance (combined authorities and local enterprise partnerships (LEPs)) emerging through the government’s ‘devolution revolution’ can develop to fill the current strategic planning void and resurrect some form of spatial planning throughout England.

This paper questions the continued dominance of the network governance approach in public policy and administration and proposes an alternative framework. We find little evidence to support claims for a paradigmatic shift towards network governance in the English case. Neither does the evidence support claims for a weakening of vertical linkages or a strengthening of horizontal linkages within, or across, service delivery chains in England. Instead, bureaucratic and hierarchical structures remain pervasive and power remains highly centralised. The two case studies, of economic development and affordable housing provision, demonstrate how reforms are driven by elected politicians' political objectives and their support of various target groups in society. Nevertheless, policy making is constrained by conditions of 'postdemocracy'essentially, the exigencies of contemporary electoral politics and the pervasive influence of business. The study of public administration and management needs to refocus on the implications for the public services of postdemocracy and address critical questions of power, competing interests, mechanisms of exclusion and inclusion, and contested claims to knowledge and expertise within service delivery chains.

Recent policy changes in the UK emphasising localism, as opposed to centrally-driven performance management, have potentially significant implications for the use of information in local policy-shaping. This article explores the challenges that this implies for framing the problem and in terms of the current and future uses of information for local governance.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the way in which the UK Labour Government “framed” the policy and practice debate on social enterprise, the way in which “strategic” networks were (or were not) facilitated and the extent to which scale and geography shaped policy choices after 1997.Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines three phases of development through a series of examples/case studies all of which are based in the West Midlands in the UK. The paper draws upon the author's practice and experience as both a practitioner and researcher during this period. Interviews with other key individuals are undertaken to inform the author's reflections and analysis.FindingsThe paper suggests that there is a risk that experience, knowledge and understanding are at risk as there seems to be poorly developed processes and systems to “capture” informed understanding and that the importance of regional networks to promote practice and to protect innovation are often poorly developed and supported.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is timely given the renewed focus by political parties in the UK on the role of the third sector in providing the “solution” for a number of public sector initiatives.Practical implicationsThe paper cuts across both the literature/debate on public policy as well as that on the role of networks and decision making within informal (as well as formal) organisations.Originality/valueThe paper is timely and will add to an awareness of policy choices and the importance of sustaining a “memory” of past (and current) programmes.

This article examines the evolution of local government economic development activities in England against the background of central-local relations and specifically the Sub-National Review (SNR) completed as part of the Treasury's 2007 Spending Review. The exercise represented perhaps the most comprehensive assessment of this aspect of public policy ever undertaken and was notable for the enhanced status and role which was proposed for local government. This vision is assessed in the light of earlier periods of local economic development and highlights a number of recurrent themes and challenges. The article concludes by examining how far these recurrent themes have been addressed in the SNR process and considers whether the proposals truly represent a sea change in government's attitude towards the contribution of local government to regional and local economic development.

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to explore the progress of current reforms to government in the English regions through administrative decentralisation aimed at delivering economic growth and greater accountability.Design/methodology/approachIn addition to government documents the paper is informed by the views of a range of public and non‐governmental bodies on key aspects of the reforms, including the preparation of integrated regional strategies, accountability arrangements and institutional capacity.FindingsWhile holding out the prospect of a more effective approach to regional policy making and delivery, implementation of the reforms carries risks for the delivery of key government policies. There is little evidence that they will assist in reversing disparities in economic growth rates between the English regions or tackle England's ingrained tradition of centralisation. There are also concerns that the prominence given to economic considerations is incompatible with delivering sustainable development.Practical implicationsGreater attention needs to be given to the coordination of national policies with a regional dimension and to the sub‐national institutional capacity required to both prepare and deliver integrated regional strategies.Originality/valueDrawing on empirical evidence this paper offers insights into the administrative and policy tensions associated with ongoing reforms to sub‐national government in England.

Debates about the appropriate territorial scales of government to meet the challenges of economic, political and social change have gained momentum in Western Europe in recent years. In the UK, political mobilization has transformed constitutional arrangements in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. By contrast, in the English regions, a less radical approach has been adopted, but the outcome has been a strengthening of the institutions of regional governance. A key feature has been the enhanced responsibilities of the Government Offices for the Regions, which have been encouraged to build on their traditional administrative functions and adopt a more strategic role. This article explores the Offices’ contribution to regional and local governance. Our central argument is that although increasingly expected to act as a bridgehead between national and sub‐national government and a focus for regional policy coordination, their potential role in filling the missing gap in English regional governance has not yet been fully grasped.

This article examines the relationship between the UK's research councils, which are responsible for funding research in British universities and the development, execution and dissemination of that research in partnership with local government. The article focuses on the role of a partnership: the Local Authority Research Council Initiative (LARCI). The recent establishment of a national focus for the planning of local government research has opened up the exciting possibility of engaging with the research councils at a strategic level.

PurposeTo present a paper which examine the UK's approach to devolution in respect of the English regions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper seeks to understand the policy choices facing the UK Government in redesigning governance arrangements in the English regions. This is achieved by an analysis of the evolution of regional governance arrangements in the past decade drawing on secondary and semi‐structured interviews undertaken by the author.FindingsRegional governance arrangements evolved in an ad hoc manner due to the government's focus on the establishment of elected regional assemblies. In this policy vacuum existing regional institutions succeeded in establishing effective working relationships. However, with an increasing focus on cities as the engines of regional growth and the pressures to devolve responsibilities to local government the existing institutional policy framework has increasingly been challenges.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper critically examines different policy choices for reforming regional governance.Practical implicationsDrawing on research and consultancy studies undertaken by the author for the English Regions Network, individual Regional Assemblies, the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, the Cabinet Office and the Economic and Social Research Council, the paper explores issues of policy development and implementation at the regional level.Originality/valueThe paper presents a comprehensive overarching analysis in a complex field of territorial public policy.

English Community involvement has long been associated with measures to tackle the problems of deprived neighbourhoods, but government policies for modernising government and promoting democratic renewal have focused on the need to broaden citizen engagement and devolve decision making to local communities. Encouraging people to do things for themselves can be seen as a ‘good’ thing, but whether this participatory form of government can be achieved in England is uncertain. This article explores the rationale underpinning New Labour’s commitment to devolved local governance and the challenges this brings for central government. We investigate the choices and the organisational and management implications for local authorities. We conclude by examining the inherent ambiguities in government policy, which need to be resolved if devolved solutions are to be implemented effectively.

The Modernising local government and Neighbourhood management policy initiatives are intended to reinvigorate local democracy and to ensure that government is more responsive to local needs. Drawing upon research findings of current practice, this study – by Aston Business School – reviews the underlying issues and constraints, explores alternative approaches to neighbourhood management and examines the consequences for central and local government. The analysis suggests that far more attention needs to be given to issues of organisational and cultural change, capacity building and the hidden costs of implementing these new agendas. The researchers found:

New EconomyVolume 6, Issue 4 p. 209-214 Joined-up Regeneration Does the New Commitment to Regeneration signal the way ahead? Stephen Hall, Stephen Hall Centre for Urban and Regional Policies, University of Birmingham,Search for more papers by this authorJohn Mawson, John Mawson Aston Business School, University of AstonSearch for more papers by this author Stephen Hall, Stephen Hall Centre for Urban and Regional Policies, University of Birmingham,Search for more papers by this authorJohn Mawson, John Mawson Aston Business School, University of AstonSearch for more papers by this author First published: 17 December 2002 https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0041.00103AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume6, Issue4December 1999Pages 209-214 RelatedInformation

(1998). English regionalism and new labour. Regional & Federal Studies: Vol. 8, Remaking the Union: Devolution and British Politics in the 1990s, pp. 158-175.

HomeCirculationVol. 97, No. 15Intrapericardial Teratoma Free AccessOtherPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessOtherPDF/EPUBIntrapericardial Teratoma Maurice Beghetti, Mark Prieditis, Ivan M. Rebeyka, John Mawson and FRACR Maurice BeghettiMaurice Beghetti From the Divisions of Cardiology (M.B.) and Cardiovascular Surgery (I.M.R.) and the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (M.P., J.M.), The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada. , Mark PrieditisMark Prieditis From the Divisions of Cardiology (M.B.) and Cardiovascular Surgery (I.M.R.) and the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (M.P., J.M.), The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada. , Ivan M. RebeykaIvan M. Rebeyka From the Divisions of Cardiology (M.B.) and Cardiovascular Surgery (I.M.R.) and the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (M.P., J.M.), The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada. , John MawsonJohn Mawson From the Divisions of Cardiology (M.B.) and Cardiovascular Surgery (I.M.R.) and the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (M.P., J.M.), The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada. and FRACR FRACR From the Divisions of Cardiology (M.B.) and Cardiovascular Surgery (I.M.R.) and the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (M.P., J.M.), The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada. Originally published21 Apr 1998https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.97.15.1523Circulation. 1998;97:1523–1524A 1-month-old boy presented with signs of heart failure and tamponade. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed a complex mass with a large pericardial effusion compressing the heart. Magnetic resonance imaging (Fig 1) defined the relationship of the mass to the pericardium, myocardium, and great vessels. Complete surgical resection was performed without complication (Fig 2). Histology of the mass confirmed the presumptive imaging diagnosis of teratoma. The patient remains free of symptoms and tumor 1 year after surgery.Intrapericardial teratomas are rare primary cardiac tumors usually diagnosed in neonates and infants.12 They contain endodermic, mesodermic, and neuroectodermic germinal layers.3 Intrapericardial teratomas are usually benign tumors but may be life-threatening because of large pericardial effusion and cardiac compression.12 Echocardiography generally suggests the diagnosis by showing a heterogeneous intrapericardial mass associated with a pericardial effusion compressing the heart.2Two-dimensional echocardiography is considered to be the best diagnostic imaging modality for primary cardiac tumors, but magnetic resonance imaging may have advantages with large tumors in defining the relationship of the tumor to adjacent structures, in visualizing echocardiographic "blind" spots, and in defining tissue characteristics.The editor of Images in Cardiovascular Medicine is Hugh A. McAllister, Jr, MD, Chief, Department of Pathology, St Luke's Episcopal Hospital and Texas Heart Institute, and Clinical Professor of Pathology, University of Texas Medical School and Baylor College of Medicine.Circulation encourages readers to submit cardiovascular images to Dr Hugh A. McAllister, Jr, St Luke's Episcopal Hospital and Texas Heart Institute, 6720 Bertner Ave, MC1–267, Houston, TX 77030.Download figureDownload PowerPoint Figure 1. Magnetic resonance imaging. Axial T1-weighted spin-echo images. A, Main tumor mass (*) is seen displacing mediastinal structures. Thymus (THYM) is displaced rightward and superiorly (not shown), while aorta (AO) and main pulmonary artery (MPA) are displaced posteriorly and splayed. B, Intrapericardial nature of the tumor is demonstrated on a lower image, with tongues of tumor (*) projecting into pericardial space, indenting right atrium (RA). There is an effusion (Eff) and pericardial thickening (arrowheads). LA indicates left atrium.Download figureDownload PowerPoint Figure 2. Gross specimens following surgical resection. A, Tumor bulk is clearly seen, as are two tumor tongues (∗) identified in Fig 1B. B, On cut section, cystic and solid nature of lesion is demonstrated, correlating well with variations in signal intensity seen in main tumor mass in Fig 1A.FootnotesCorrespondence to Dr John Mawson, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada. References 1 Sumner TE, Crowe JE, Klein A, McKone RC, Weaver RL. Intrapericardial teratoma in infancy. Pediatr Radiol.1980; 10:51–53.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2 Seguin JR, Coulon PL, Perez M, Grolleau-Raoux R, Chaptal PA. Echocardiographic diagnosis of an intrapericardial teratoma in infancy. Am Heart J.1987; 113:1239–1240.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3 Brabham KR, Roberts WC. Cardiac-compressing intrapericardial teratoma at birth. Am J Cardiol.1989; 63:386–387.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Solomon N, Vaidyanathan S, Sugumar K and Janeel M (2018) Adherent Intrapericardial Teratoma: A Case Report, Cardiology and Therapy, 10.1007/s40119-018-0116-z, 7:2, (205-208), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2018. (2016) Cardiac Lipoma Specialty Imaging: Thoracic Neoplasms, 10.1016/B978-0-323-37706-5.50110-4, (390-393), . Singh V, Kakkar S, Arora A, Garg A and Harjai M (2015) A rare case of intra-pericardial teratoma presenting as a mediastinal mass in an infant, Medical Journal Armed Forces India, 10.1016/j.mjafi.2013.01.006, 71, (S49-S51), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2015. Bogaert J and Dymarkowski S (2011) Cardiac Masses Clinical Cardiac MRI, 10.1007/174_2011_338, (411-464), . Gucciardo L, Uyttebroek A, De Wever I, Renard M, Claus F, Devlieger R, Lewi L, De Catte L and Deprest J (2011) Prenatal assessment and management of sacrococcygeal teratoma, Prenatal Diagnosis, 10.1002/pd.2781, 31:7, (678-688), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2011. Dickerson J and Raman S (2010) Myocardial Masses Atlas of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 10.1016/B978-1-4160-6135-9.50012-7, (96-109), . Khin M and Kwong R (2008) Cardiac and Pericardial Tumors Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 10.1007/978-1-59745-306-6_21, (429-465), . Stainback R, Hamirani Y, Cooley D and Buja L (2007) Tumors of the Heart Cardiovascular Medicine, 10.1007/978-1-84628-715-2_110, (2267-2294), . Taori K, Jawale R, Sanyal R, Sheorain V and Chandanshive S (2007) Intrapericardial Teratoma Diagnosed on CT, Journal of Thoracic Imaging, 10.1097/01.rti.0000213580.32151.62, 22:2, (185-187), Online publication date: 1-May-2007. Czernik C, Stiller B, Hübler M, Hagen A and Henrich W (2006) Hydrops fetalis caused by a large intrapericardial teratoma, Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 10.1002/uog.3852, 28:7, (973-976), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2006. Bogaert J and Dymarkowski S Cardiac Masses Clinical Cardiac MRI, 10.1007/3-540-26997-5_12, (305-351) Restrepo C, Largoza A, Lemos D, Diethelm L, Koshy P, Castillo P, Gomez R, Moncada R and Pandit M (2005) CT and MR imaging findings of benign cardiac tumors, Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology, 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2004.10.002, 34:1, (12-21), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2005. Gerber B, Bluemke D, Rumberger J, Horton K and Lima J (2005) Obtención de imágenes de masas, tumores y trombos cardíacos Diagnóstico Clínico Cardiovascular Por Imagen, 10.1016/B978-84-8174-862-8.50015-6, (479-505), . Bogaert J, Taylor A and Dymarkowski S Pericardial Disease Clinical Cardiac MRI, 10.1007/3-540-26997-5_11, (285-303) MacKenzie S, Loken S, Kalia N, Trevenen C, Harder J, Wong A and Sigalet D (2005) Intrapericardial teratoma in the perinatal period, Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.08.041, 40:12, (e13-e18), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2005. Isaacs H (2004) Fetal and Neonatal Cardiac Tumors, Pediatric Cardiology, 10.1007/s00246-003-0590-4, 25:3, (252-273), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2004. Roy N, Blurton D, Azakie A and Karl T (2004) Immature intrapericardial teratoma in a newborn with elevated alpha-fetoprotein, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.10.104, 78:1, (e6-e8), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2004. Bluemke D and Szarf G (2004) CMR of pericardial disease Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 10.1201/b14328-15, (267-275), Online publication date: 26-Jan-2004. Smith W, Beacock D, Goddard A, Bloomer T, Ridgway J and Sivananthan U (2001) Magnetic resonance evaluation of the pericardium, The British Journal of Radiology, 10.1259/bjr.74.880.740384, 74:880, (384-392), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2001. Grebenc M, Rosado de Christenson M, Burke A, Green C and Galvin J (2000) Primary Cardiac and Pericardial Neoplasms: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation, RadioGraphics, 10.1148/radiographics.20.4.g00jl081073, 20:4, (1073-1103), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2000. de Bustamante T, Azpeitia J, Miralles M, Jim�nez M, Santos-Briz A and Rodr�guez-Peralto J (2000) Prenatal sonographic detection of pericardial teratoma, Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0096(200005)28:4<194::AID-JCU8>3.0.CO;2-1, 28:4, (194-198), Online publication date: 1-May-2000. Pratt J, Cohen D, Mutabagani K, Davis J and Wheller J (2008) Neonatal intrapericardial teratomas: clinical and surgical considerations, Cardiology in the Young, 10.1017/S104795110000634X, 10:1, (27-31), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2000. Hacking C and Weerakkody Y (2014) Pericardial teratoma Radiopaedia.org, 10.53347/rID-30111 April 21, 1998Vol 97, Issue 15 Advertisement Article InformationMetrics Copyright © 1998 by American Heart Associationhttps://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.97.15.1523 Originally publishedApril 21, 1998 PDF download Advertisement

We describe a technique for transvenous, transatrial selective coronary arteriography, which may prove useful in the diagnostic evaluation of the neonate with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum when right ventriculography and antegrade aortography inadequately define the coronary arterial circulation.