<正>脑脊液衰减翻转恢复(fluid attenuated inver-sion recovery,FLAIR)是近年来兴起的一个较新的MRI技术,已广泛应用于临床。弥散加权成像(diffusion-weightedimaging,DWI)也是近年发展起来的MRI新技术,它对脑缺血尤其是急性期脑缺血非常敏感,与FLAIR的图像对比有部分相似之处,但对于急性脑缺血的早期诊断要优于FLAIR。本文旨在比较DW I成像和FLAIR成像在急性脑梗死中的应用价值。
脑脓肿为外界感染通过血行扩散、直接蔓延、外伤感染等途径侵入脑组织所致,是一种危及患者生命的严重感染,近年虽然本病的发病率以及病死率呈下降趋势,但因其诊断较困难仍有部分缺乏神经系统症状和体征的病例由于诊断不明确而延误治疗,现将回顾性分析2000年7月至2009年12月68例脑脓肿患者临床特征及影像学表现结果报道如下,旨在提高对本病的认识。
Objective Analysis the CT findings of nasal NK/T lymphoma,to explore its diagnostic specificity.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical,pathology and CT data 19 pathologically confirmed cases of nasal NK/T lymphoma.Extent,density,shape,edge and bone changes of the tumor were analyzed.Results 19 pathologically confirmed cases of nasal NK/T lymphoma,CT manifestations:(1) site of the disease:15 cases of unilateral disease,4 cases of bilateral disease;17 cases occurred in front of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity,mainly involving the inferior turbinate,tumor often growth along the spread of turbinate,2 tumors are mainly located in the nasal cavity in the rear.(2) Density:16 cases of uniform density,3 cases of non-uniform density;enhanced CT scan showed mild to moderate enhancement.(3) structural change around the lesions:the nasal vestibule skin involvement in 15 cases,no significant bone destruction;4 cases showed sinus mucosal thickening or sinus soft tissue mass;the orbital growth in two cases.Conclusions nasal NK/T cell lymphoma often occur in the nasal cavity in front of the inferior turbinate,with uniform density,enhanced CT scan showed mild to moderately enhancement,with little bone destruction involving.The nasal vestibule skin easily.The general characteristics of CT performance make it easier to diagnose nasal NK/T lymphoma.
Objective To learn the effluence of coronary angiography on multi-slice spiral CT with the change of heart rate. Methods There are 298 patients doubted with coronary disease in clinic. The fixed images are defined then calcification analysis and axial view scanning,and later strengthen scanning. Observe the effluence on the quality of coronary artery images with different heart rate. Results 298 patients have 3043 obvious blood vessel,including assessable blood vessel(78.77%) and unassessable blood vessel(21.23%) . The display rate of assessable blood vessel reduces from group N1 to N7 and the percent of motion artifact increase from group N1 to N7. The diverse of different heart rate has statistical significance(P<0.05) . Conclusion The change of heart rate is a indispensable factor in gaining best quality reconstructed image.
肾上腺的测量临床意义不大,特别是左侧肾上腺一般呈三角形,体部明显增大,内外肢则比较纤细,而这与同侧膈肌脚对比没有实际意义.经过77例肾上腺增生病例的分析,总结出以下结论:肾上腺增生主要以观察、比较形态为主,一般肾上腺呈三角形时,体部与内外肢之间呈三角形,明显增大,但其边缘比较平直或稍内凹,而且其内、外肢无论如何走行,都应该边缘清楚,逐步变细,如果发现肾上腺局部结节样增粗或边缘外隆则要考虑肾上腺增生:如果整个肾上腺增粗,其边缘应膨隆,但要与同侧膈肌脚对比.
HRCT能优化地显示肺内细微结构,特别是支气管,其对诊断支气管扩张特异性较高.扫描方法:检查前训练患者呼吸,去除胸部金属器物,扫描范围从肺尖到肋膈角,层厚1mm,层距10mm,扫描参数为电流:200mA,电压:120-140KV,重建算法:高空间分辨率的骨算法,扫描视野:15-25cm,矩阵:512×512.病变区加用层距1-3mm薄层扫描,但层厚不变,必要时进行局部三维重建.支气管扩张分三型:1.柱状支气管扩张;2.静脉曲张状支气管扩张;3.囊状支气管扩张.HRCT对各型支气管扩张诊断的特异性较高.
