С целью исследования ассоциации генов FTO, KCNJ11, SLC30A8 и CDKN2B с сахарным диабетом (СД) типа 2 изучали распределение частот аллелей и генотипов некоторых полиморфных маркеров этих генов. Сравнительный анализ распределения частот аллелей и генотипов при патологии и у здоровых людей указывает на то, что гены KCNJ11, SLC30A8 и CDKN2B (но не ген FTO) действительно ассоциированы с этим заболеванием. В исследованной нами русской популяции основную роль в развитии СД типа 2 играют гены, влияющие на уровень синтеза и секреции инсулина в -клетках поджелудочной железы.

To test FTO, KCNJ11, SLC30A8, and CDKN2B for association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), the allele and genotype frequency distributions were established for several polymorphisms of the genes. A comparison of allele and genotype frequencies between DM patients and healthy subjects implicated CKNJ11, SLC30A8, and CDKN2B, but not FTO, in the disease. The genes that affect insulin production and secretion in pancreatic β cells proved to play a main role in type 2 DM in the Russian population.

To study the association with diabetes mellitus type 2 we performed anal- ysis of the distribution of frequencies of alleles and genotypes of polymorphic markers of FTO, KCNJ11, SIC30A8 and CDKN2B genes. The study included groups of T2DM patients and unrelated controls of Russian origin. Analysis of the distribution of frequencies of alleles and genotypes of the polymorphic markers of KCNJ11, SLC30A8 and CDKN2B genes showed the presence of association with T2DM in Russian population, while for the FTO gene was not found statistically significant associations with type 2 diabetes. We can conclude that in Russian population main role in the development of type 2 diabetes play genes, affecting the level of syn- thesis and secretion of the insulin in beta-cells of the pancreas.

To study the association with diabetes mellitus type 2 we performed analysis of the distribution of frequencies of alleles and genotypes two polymorphic markers of TCF7L2 gene. The study included groups of T2DM patients and unrelated controls of Russian origin. Analysis of the distribution of frequencies of alleles and genotypes of the polymorphic marker rs7903146 of TCF7L2 gene showed the presence of association with T2DM in Russian population, while for the marker rs12255372 was not found statistically significant associations with type 2 diabetes. We can conclude that in Russian population TCF7L2 gene is associated with development of T2DM.