妇科内镜技术,分为宫腔镜技术和腹腔镜技术,为微创技术,是目前临床妇科较为成熟的诊治技术之一,与传统的开腹以及经阴道的诊治方法相比,不仅对患者的伤害显著降低,且提升了多种以往难以确诊的疾病的诊断和治疗价值,在妇产科的影响应用越来越广泛.妇科内镜技术具有特殊性,操作人员操作的规范化至关重要.该文就采取阶梯化分层教学进行妇科内镜诊治技术的教学进行探讨,以期为实践教学提供借鉴.

Objective To research and analyze the application and practice effect of PBL teaching method in the clinical practice teaching in the department of gynaecology and obstetrics. Methods 80 cases of medical undergraduates in the de-partment of gynaecology and obstetrics in our hospital from August 2014 to August 2015 were selected as the research ob-jects and randomly divided into two groups with 40 cases in each, in the clinical practice teaching, the control group adopt-ed the routine clinical practice teaching model, while the observation group adopted the PBL teaching method, and the clin-ical practice effect of the two groups was compared. Results The comparison results showed that the theoretical knowledge score, case analysis score and practice operation score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences had statistical significance (P<0.05), and the problem-analytic ability, document retrieval capability, communication ability with patients and satisfactory degree to current teaching method in the observation group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion In the clinical practice teaching in the department of gynaecology and obstetrics, PBL teaching method can obviously improve the independent learning ability and team cooperation ability, at the same time, improve the problem-analytic ability and problem-solved ability of students and motivate the student's interest in this major compared with the traditional teaching model, which is worth promotion and application.

Objective To explore the allocation ratio of clinic nursing personnel to patients and the number of nursing personnel needed in reality, so as to offer academic evidence to collocate the nursing personnel resources reasonably.Me-thods Six typical clinics including neurology, cardiology, gynaecology and obstetrics, pediatrics, dermatology and orthopedics were chosen to test the work hours of nursing procedures and the allocation of clinic nursing personnel resources was analyzed by means of literature reviewing, experts consulting, work hours testing and contrasting.Results Direct nursing hours accounted for 58.65% of the total nursing hours. In dermatology department the direct nursing time of each case every day was significantly longer than that in other departments (P0.05 for all). There was no significant difference in the direct nursing time between department of cardiology and departments of neurology, orthopedics, as well as that between department of gynaecology and obstetrics and department of orthopedics (P0.05 for all). There was no significant difference in indirect nursing time between different departments (P0.05). Work hours of five performances including TPR measuring, maintaining visit order, clinic patient registration, preparation before work and cooperation between doctor and nurse accounted for 53.82% of the total performance time. The reasonable ratio of patient to nurse was 100∶3, so there was still deficiency of nursing personnel in the tested hospital, number of which was 11.Conclusion There is still shortage of clinic nursing personnel. To improve efficiency and quality of clinic nursing service, allocation of nursing personnel should be increased according to different conditions in each department, especially in the department that requires many treatments, such as department of dermatology, department of gynaecology and obstetrics and department of orthopedics.

病理学是一门实践性很强的基础医学课程,与临床各科密切相关.面对未来任职的需要,结合本学科特点,加强对学生临床病理学知识及临床医学思维方式的培养,达到提高临床应用能力之目的.为社会提供实用型医学人才奠定基础.该教学模式同样也值得在其他医学基础课程中推广.

Objective:To investigate for health education method in holistic nursing. Method:180 cases were radomly divided into experimentary and control group with 90 cases for each,we accept cards,drawing,demonstration,video as education method in experimental group. Result:Experimental group show better result than control group( P 0.05). Conclusion:This can become an effective method? for health education.