The rapid penetration of intermittent renewable power puts pressure on the stability and reliability of power grids.To address this tissue,coal-fired power plants play an increasingly important role in providing the peak shaving service.Moreover,the high-level layout of turbine can significantly reduce the amount of high temperature resistant materials and thus improve the economics of ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plants.The exergy and exergy economic models were developed to obtain the performance of ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plants with high-level layout of turbine under load-cycling operation conditions.By analyzing the exergy economic of coal-fired power plants under different loads,and the distribution of irreversibilities was obtained.The results show that the exergy efficiency of the high pressure turbine can be improved by optimizing the parameters.Moreover,the cost of electricity per unit with the high-level layout is 0.332 4 yuan/(kW⋅h).The exergy price of electricity generation decreases with the increase of load.

Objective: To explore the influence of environment, temperature and corrosion on the detection of power plant inspection robot, and explore the intelligent detection performance of gas environment of power plant inspection robot. method: in this paper, 10 patrol robots adapted to different environmental conditions were selected to carry out corresponding experiments. results:the performance of intelligent detection of gas environment on temperature and heat of power plant inspection robot is better, and it can meet the actual demand.

Improving the power generation efficiency of coal-fired units is an effective measure to achieve energy conservation and carbon reduction. The engineering application of 700 ℃ ultra-supercritical coal-fired power generation is hindered by the high price of superalloy materials; therefore, it is necessary to explore new layouts and structures to shorten the high-temperature steam pipelines and reduce the engineering costs. By taking the phase III expansion project—the world's first demonstration project of high-level layout—of the Jinjie coal-fired power plant as an example, this study introduces the engineering innovation practice of the high-level layout technology for an air-cooled ultra-supercritical steam-turbine generator unit. The results indicate that the reinforced concrete frame and shear wall structure can effectively lower the overall center of gravity and improve the seismic performance of the main power house, thereby ensuring the safety of the main power house structure, high-temperature steam pipelines, and steam turbine generator unit through technological breakthroughs. Compared with those of the conventional layout (its operating floor level being 12.6-17 m), the main steam and reheat steam pipelines of the high-level layout (its operating floor level being 65 m) can save 34.2% and 20.9% of raw materials, respectively; and exhaust steam pipes of the air-cooled island can save 93% of raw materials. Furthermore, the power supply coal consumption can be reduced by 4.5-5.1 g/(kW·h) compared with the design value, and the overall economical efficiency is significantly improved. The monitoring data after operation show that all parameters in the real-time on-line monitoring system of the main power house structure are within the safety threshold, and the plant structure and critical equipment are both in a safe state. Therefore, we propose to promote clean and efficient coal-fired power generation technologies and apply the high-level layout technology to the advanced air-cooled coal-fired power units in northeast, north, and northwest China as these regions are rich in coal but short of water. This can provide practical experience for the construction of economical high-temperature steam pipelines for 700 ℃ ultra-supercritical coal-fired power units.

对基于超临界二氧化碳工质的热泵储电系统展开研究,建立了热力学与技术经济性分析模型,并对系统热力参数进行优化,分析了压缩机等熵效率、透平等熵效率、换热器压损以及最小换热温差等关键设备参数对系统性能的影响.此外,提出了以燃气轮机排气为外热源的集成系统构型,对独立热泵储电系统及集成外热源的系统性能进行分析.结果表明:独立储能系统的最高往返效率可达62.91％;集成外热源后,单位能量的投资成本降低,系统能量效率随放电时间和放电功率的增加而降低.

随着给水泵汽轮机可靠性提高,为了降低厂用电率,提高机组经济性,很多直接空冷机组选用给水泵汽轮机直排方式.在介绍给水泵汽轮机直排技术应用的影响因素基础上,提出给水泵汽轮机直排技术在超超临界高位布置直接空冷机组的应用方案,结合工程实践,从容量及汽源选型、启动泵设置、空冷面积、控制优化、系统调试运行等方面分析直排技术应用的关键问题,并通过应用数据证明了该技术的应用效果,为新机组设计选型提供参考依据.

汽轮机高位布置可显著缩短四大管道长度,在超高参数的燃煤机组中将具有更好的技术经济性.为适应汽轮机高位布置技术方案的大量推广和满足实际运行需求,提出了汽轮机高位布置排汽及凝结水系统的设计方案.设计的高位排汽管道可节约管道材料93％,同时降低排汽阻力约144Pa.采用凝结水除氧水箱进行凝结水再除氧,可使凝结水含氧量极大地降低.设计的大型双吸卧式凝结水泵效率达82.24％.该设计方案可为高参数大容量机组排汽及凝结水系统的设计提供借鉴.

超高压远距离输电线路和大容量发电机组投入运行后,为提高电力系统稳定性和输电能力而采取的线路串联电容补偿措施,会引起电力系统次同步谐振.介绍一种用于抑制发电机次同步振荡的抑制措施和控制策略,通过变压器并联接到发电机出口的母线上或发电机升压变压器高压侧,获取包含发电机全部扭振模态的转速偏差信号,获得较好抑制效果.

汽轮发电机组高位布置技术可以缩短电厂高温蒸汽管道,是未来700℃超临界燃煤机组减少镍基合金材料使用的有效途径之一.但是汽轮发电机组高位布置技术在国际上尚无成功经验可参考,特别是汽轮发电机组基础的振动特性、抗震性能等有待深入研究.该文依托2×660MW汽轮发电机组高位布置工程,建立汽轮发电机组基础和主厂房结构的缩尺试验模型,采用三点空间激振、多点空间测量的方法分析了基础台板的自振特性,采用专业软件预测多点扰力共同作用下基础的强迫振动响应,并与数值分析结果和控制标准进行对比.结果表明,结构固有频率分布主要集中在20Hz以内,40Hz以后的高阶固有频率明显减少,这种分布为机组提供了较好的运行环境;在机组启动过程中尽量避开机组的临界转速频率,避开率超过10％;强迫振动下台板基础的扰力点和非扰力点的最大线位移、最大振动速度满足规范限值.通过合理设计台板基础下方的弹簧隔振系统,可较好控制汽轮机基础的振动.研究结果为汽轮发电机组高位布置工程设计提供了依据.

大型油浸变压器突发近区短路故障时,受短路电动力的冲击变压器绕组将会发生变形.对大型油浸变压器短路电流冲击下抗短路能力进行深入分析,并制定防止变压器突发短路故障的防范措施.对不同用户短路电流下的抗短路能力进行分析,从而合理配置变压器抗短路能力,对电网安全性和经济性有着重要意义.

以陕西国华锦界能源有限责任公司国内首创高位布置汽轮发电机组为研究对象,介绍了受机组形式特点的影响,发电机至主变压器布置高垂度长距离封闭母线的情况,分析高垂度长距离封闭母线应用过程中存在垂直段绝缘子受剪切力易发生断裂、高垂直段导体散热不佳易造成"烟囱效应"等薄弱点的问题,提出了相应的应对措施,经应用证实这些措施可保证高位布置汽轮机组封闭母线安全正常运行.

以硫酸渣化工废料为对象,综合考察并优化了影响其物理结构和化学链燃烧反应性能的3个关键煅烧工艺参数,并评估了最佳硫酸渣的循环反应性能.颗粒形貌表征、实验研究和正交试验优化的相互验证表明:煅烧温度对硫酸渣物理结构和化学反应性能影响最大,颗粒颜色和表观形貌变化最明显,在1 150℃煅烧的硫酸渣颗粒熔融或烧结现象严重;当加热速率为15℃/min、煅烧温度为1 050℃和持续时间为60 min时煅烧的PY-8硫酸渣表现最佳;对其“还原-氧化”循环反应性能的研究表明,PY-8循环过程表现稳定,颗粒始终保持多孔结构,无明显烧结,在满足廉价、高效的基础上具备规模化制备的潜力.

以200 MW四角切圆煤粉锅炉为研究对象,采用CFD软件结合改进的辐射特性模型以及化学反应机理,对煤粉空气燃烧工况及不同氧气体积分数下的富氧燃烧工况进行了数值模拟,通过研究炉内的燃烧及传热特性,对富氧燃烧工况进行了配风优化设计.结果表明:在富氧燃烧干循环工况下炉内出现高体积分数的CO;干、湿循环工况的入炉氧气体积分数分别为28.5％和27.1％时,炉膛的总辐射传热量与空气燃烧工况几乎相同;提高下二次风的动量能有效减小冷灰斗区域的CO体积分数,采用偏转二次风技术能有效减弱壁面附近的还原性气氛.

Steam soot blower is a widely used device to ease the heating surface fouling of power plant boilers, but in practical, the pipes of heating surface are often damaged during soot blowing. The uneven distributed force exerted by the steam jet is the main reason for blowing loss. To solve this problem, a new type of grading ash blower was developed to make the steam jet blowing more uniform, as far as possible, thus to reduce the risk of abrasion and tube explosion. In this paper, the cause analysis for pipe abrasion and optimum development of soot blower was mainly done by numerical simulation software Fluent, then the velocity distribution and shear stress distribution at the surface of the water wall under the two schemes was focused on. The results show that, the new efficient grading steam soot blower is superior to the original scheme in the maximum shear stress on pipe and the variance of the shear stress distribution in each pipe.

电厂的封闭式储煤场,常采用条形煤场、圆形煤场、球形煤仓、筒仓等四种形式.通过对比各项影响因素,采用筒仓储煤是最佳的煤场封闭形式,能有效降低对环境的污染.在储煤过程中,实现了人与煤的分离.通过改造方案的实施,优化了输煤的工艺流程,并对原输煤系统进行了简化.

以富氧燃烧碳捕集技术为基础,开展CO2压缩纯化技术研究,搭建了300 t/a CO2压缩试验平台,在该平台上开展各种体积分数CO2的压缩试验,寻找最佳运行参数.结果表明:当CO2体积分数为80％时,液化温度为-30℃、压力为3.0 MPa是最优的液化条件,在该条件下CO2液化率较高(81.86％),液体CO2消耗电功最低为1 273 kJ/kg,液体CO2纯度大于99％;该平台可协同脱除NOx和SO2等污染物.

Based on coal-fired power plants, the source of the SO3 is analyzed in this paper. And the exist?ing SO3 sampling, measuring method are summarized in detail both at home and abroad, the accuracy and limits were listed from sampling and measument, and the Quantum cascade laser method is the most promis?ing SO3 detection method, which may be able to achieve the real-time SO3 detection after forward study. Meanwhile, the removal strategies of SO3 emission are proposed , though injection of alkaline substances and adding wet electrostatic precipitator, the SO3 concentration in the chimney was reduced successfully, and?solved the chimney opaque and acid fog.

The gypsum rain and fog phenomenon exists in thermal power plants with FGD. The manifestations of gypsum rain and fog are explained based on the composition and state of the flue gas. lt presents the formation way in the absorber,flue chimneys and atmosphere. Six governance elements are analyzed,involving solid parti-cles,liquid water,chimney condensate water,environmental condensate water and mist. The comprehensive and systematical control measures are proposed from the points of the absorber,flue and chimney. The advantages and disadvantages of various measures are analyzed.

As the continued scarcity of water resources,low-temperature multi-effect desalination technology,due to its low operating temperature and heat transfer performance,is being widely used and studied.In this paper,with large-scale low-temperature multi-effect desalination pilot plant,the effects of work steam on fresh water production,gained output ratio(GOR) and other parameters were studied under different conditions.The results show that as the system load is less than design conditions,increasing the steam flow can improve the fresh water production and GOR,but its growth will be slowed gradually;As the first effect evaporator temperature reaches its maximum,increasing the steam flow has little effect of improving fresh water production and makes GOR downward.Heat and mass balance calculations and experimental values agree well.

In the coas tal coal-fired power plants,coal slip and coal sprinkling occurs frequently with the vibrating feeding system of bridge-type grab ship unloader,which results in environmental pollution and instability of the operation system.In this paper,a vibrating feeding system of bridge type grab ship unloader in Guohua Power Company has been studied.Coal slip and coal sprinkling is avoided with the use of vibrating feeder self-locking system,lift skirt plate and optimizing lead flow area.It will be helpful for grab ship unloader vibrating feeding systems in other industries,such as power plants,ports,metallurgy,building materials and so on.

<正>抚顺石化公司是中石油集团的一个国有大型企业。仪表工种担负着企业生产过程自动化仪表的安装、维修、维护工作,在企业中属于技术含量