China’s agricultural production underpins food security for 1.4 billion people but undergoes substantial fluctuations strongly affected by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which alternates between warm El Niño and cool La Niña. However, whether ENSO impact is symmetric between El Niño and La Niña, how long the impact lasts, and how it responds to greenhouse warming are unknown. Here, using a nonlinear econometric model, we show that both El Niño and La Niña exert negative impacts persisting for four years. We attribute 655 billion CNY to the 2015-16 El Niño and 131 billion CNY to the 2010-11 La Niña, higher in southeastern provinces. Due to the nonlinearity, agricultural production is sensitive to future ENSO changes. Under a high-emission scenario, a projected increase in ENSO amplitude likely causes an additional median loss of 39.6 trillion CNY in the 21st century agricultural economy, and a prospect of a far greater loss cannot be excluded. Either an El Niño or a La Niña induces a loss to China’s agricultural economy that is multiyear-lasting, particularly in southeastern provinces, and an intensified impact is expected in future projections, as revealed by a nonlinear econometric model combined with CMIP6 experiments.

Wood is intrinsically flammable, exhibits a high heat-release rate, and lacks an early fire-response capability, which restricts its use in buildings and structural materials requiring high fire safety. To improve the overall fire safety of fast-growing poplar wood, a three-dimensional crosslinked phytic-acid-based macromolecular flame-retardant system was constructed from phytic acid (PA), chitosan (CS), citric acid (CA), and urea (Ur), and flame-retardant poplar wood composites were prepared via impregnation treatment. The results showed that PA was incorporated into the CS/CA crosslinked network through phosphate esterification, while Ur further participated in network construction through acid-base salt formation, hydrogen-bond association, and amidation, producing a structurally stable phosphorus-nitrogen composite network with homogeneous elemental distribution that could be effectively loaded in wood cell lumina and on cell-wall surfaces. The limiting oxygen index of W-PUCC increased to 53.5%, and the material achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating. In cone calorimetry, the total heat release decreased to 14.60 MJ m-2, the first and second-peak heat-release rates decreased to 54.76 kW m-2 and 75.83 kW m-2, respectively, and the mass loss ratio decreased to 42.27%, indicating pronounced heat-release suppression and flame-retardant performance. After 24 h water immersion, W-PUCC exhibited a corrected flame-retardant leaching loss of 41.22% and retained a UL-94 V-0 rating, whereas PA treated wood was downgraded to V-1, demonstrating improved retention of flame-retardant performance after water exposure. Fire-warning tests further demnstrated that W-PUCC triggered an alarm within 1 s under flame exposure and exhibited reversible temperature-resistance response behavior during heating-cooling cycles. This study provides a new strategy for developing wood-based composites integrating efficient flame retardancy, thermal insulation, smoke suppression, and early fire-warning functionality.

Revealing how spatial distribution patterns of forest and grassland affect ecosystem functions (EF) and hence control air pollutant (AP) concentrations is a key precondition for the development of ecological spatial layouts. However, there are not enough large-scale studies analyzing this interaction. Firstly, this study is based on the topological properties of forest and grass spatial distribution patterns to establish the relationship between EF and AP. The EAsim (Vegetation patterns-Ecosystem function - Air pollutant Simulation) model was then constructed to simulate the effects of changes in spatial distribution patterns of forest and grass on EF and AP concentration. The results showed that the spatial distribution of the forest and grassland on the Mongolian Plateau (MP) exhibited four basic patterns. Among them, the Core-Linked Ring pattern (CLR) accounted for the highest proportion of 40.74% and showed the highest stability. When all the spatial distribution patterns of forest and grass in the region are in CLR pattern, the water use efficiency of vegetation in the region will be increased by 39.60%, the wind and sand control function will be enhanced by 7.74%, while the concentration of AP will be reduced by 22.21%. The study confirms that by adjusting the distribution pattern of forest and grassland sources, the EF can be effectively enhanced and the concentration of AP can be reduced. This finding may provide a strategy for the enhancement of EF and management of AP in arid and semi-arid regions.

Populus euphratica phospholipase Dδ (PePLDδ) was previously shown to mediate Na+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis during salt stress. To explore the transcriptional regulation of PLDs in salt response, DNA pull-down and mass spectrometry was used to identify the potential transcription factor for binding the promoter of PePLDδ. The target transcription factor PeNAC029 contains a conserved NAC transcription repression domain (NARD-like domain) with LVFY motif in the N-terminal from 102 to 136 amino acid residues. The PeNAC029-regulated expression of PLDs were investigated in Arabidopsis and P. euphratica, the two contrasting species differing in salt tolerance. PeNAC029 overexpression increased the sensitivity to salt stress in the two species, attributed to downregulated expression of PLD family genes, diminished PLD activity and lower phosphatidic acid (PA) levels in PeNAC029-transgenic Arabidopsis and P. euphratica. PeNAC029 was discovered to bind to a particular cis-element (ACGT motif) in the promoters and suppress the expression of AtPLDδ, PePLDα3, and PePLDβ2 under saline conditions. The PeNAC029 repression of PLD-PA signaling adversely affects the plant capacity to maintain Na+ homeostasis by inhibiting the expression of Na+/H+ antiporter genes AtSOS1 and PeSOS1 under salt conditions. Furthermore, PeNAC029-repressed PLD-PA signaling also hinders the ability to maintain ROS homeostasis by inhibiting the transcription and activities of antioxidant enzymes during salt stress. Notably, PeNAC029 expression was downregulated in response to prolonged NaCl exposure, potentially allowing the salt-resistant poplar to mitigate the detrimental effects of salinity. We propose a transcriptional regulatory network to highlight the salt response of PeNAC029-transgenic Arabidopsis and P. euphratica.

To construct a high flame retardant and low moisture absorption biomacromolecule, a bio-based covering was created by combining phytic acid, whey protein, and chitosan. The bio-based flame retardant coating was applied to the wood surface employing water evaporation laminating. Structural investigation of the products of phytic acid and whey protein under heating conditions revealed that the products experienced dual-denatured, namely heat denaturation and acid denaturation. The secondary structural modified in whey protein, including disruption of the spatial structure and peptide bond cleavage. The limiting oxygen index of poplar veneer increased by 22.9 % after flame retardant treatment compared to the pure phytic acid control group. The flame retardant layer provides flame retardancy in both the gas and condensed phase dimensions, thereby considerably increasing the flame retardant performance of composite materials. Covering the coating surface with chitosan film can greatly reduce the hygroscopic defects of phytate-based flame retardants, with the film-coated sample PPCW exhibiting a hygroscopic inhibition rate of 46.92 % after 24 h. Furthermore, this type of treatment can significantly improve the surface coating of water-based paint after utilizing phytic acid-based flame retardants. The hydrogen bonding polymerization of phytic acid-based biomacromolecule has a great potential for use in flame retardant treatment.

China's arid and semi-arid regions are facing severe land degradation. To combat desertification, China has launched large-scale ecological engineering, such as the Three-North Shelterbelt Program (TNSP). This study aims to uncover the feedback mechanisms of ecological spatial networks on ecological engineering effectiveness and analyze the spatial patterns of ecological sources and their ecosystem service responses. It also optimizes techniques for sand fixation, carbon sequestration, and desertification prevention. This study uses multi-source remote sensing and vector data (1986-2021) and complex network theory to extract ecological spatial networks and analyze TNSP's spatiotemporal trends. The network motif discovery algorithm identifies spatial patterns and explores the relationships between pattern structure, distribution, and topological properties. Finally, it analyzes the response mechanisms between spatial patterns and ecosystem functions. The results show that since the TNSP's implementation, the number of ecological sources (up by 653, with an area increase of 78,014 km2) and corridors (up by 1,579, with a length increase of 29,591 km) have increased. Spatiotemporal changes in ecological networks reflect ecological engineering effectiveness and guide future optimization. The star, corelinked loop, and triangle patterns can enhance network stability. The star pattern exhibits the highest degree (4.66) and betweenness centrality (53,086), while the triangle and core-linked loop patterns have higher clustering coefficients of 0.315 and 0.250, respectively. Forests demonstrate the strongest sand fixation and carbon sequestration capacities across different patterns. Shrub sources under linear and star patterns significantly enhance ecological value and network stability.

Improving Cd2+ tolerance in poplars is crucial for reclaiming Cd2+-contaminated soils with fast-growing trees. Overexpression of PeCPK21, a Ca2+-dependent protein kinase gene from Populus euphratica, mitigates the toxicity of elevated CdCl2 stress (500 mu M, 30 d) in Populus x canescens. HaloTag pull-down and mass spectrometry assays showed that PeCPK21 interacted with various heavy metal stress-associated proteins (HMAPs), including heavy metal transport-related proteins, photosynthesis-linked proteins, membrane intrinsic proteins, and antioxidant enzymes. The corresponding expression profiles of HMAPs following cadmium exposure revealed that the PeCPK21-interacting proteins served to limit the build-up of Cd2+, boost antioxidant defenses, and improve photosynthesis and water management in Cd2+-stressed poplars. PcXTH6 and PcSOD[Fe] were transferred to P. x canescens and Arabidopsis to confirm the contribution of PeCPK21-interacting proteins to Cd2+ tolerance. Overexpression of PcXTH6 increased the ability to limit Cd2+ in transgenic P. x canescens and Arabidopsis under elevated cadmium stress. This was due to the PcXTH6-enhanced xyloglucan degradation activity, which reduces Cd2+ binding sites in the cell wall, ultimately leading to decreased Cd2+ uptake and accumulation under high cadmium conditions. Furthermore, PcSOD[Fe] overexpression increased ROS-scavenging capacity in transgenic P. x canescens and Arabidopsis under elevated cadmium stress. It can be concluded that PeCPK21 interacts with PcXTH6 and PcSOD[Fe] to limit Cd2+ and ROS concentrations under prolonged and severe cadmium exposure, thereby attenuating the detrimental effects of Cd2+ on plant growth, photosynthesis, water retention, and antioxidant defenses. The insights on interactions between PeCPK21-HMAPs could be used to genetically engineer woody species for Cd2+ tolerance.

The development of green and sustainable wood construction materials necessitates addressing the critical challenge of flame retardancy, particularly concerning the environmental impact of conventional flame retardants and the toxicity of combustion byproducts. While flame-retardant treatments are essential for enhancing fire safety, commonly used non-biobased options, such as ammonium polyphosphate and borates, often fall short of increasingly stringent environmental regulations. This study addresses this challenge by employing chitosan (CS), phytic acid (PA), sodium alginate (SA), and hydroxyapatite (HAP) as bio-based flame retardants to produce novel bio-based flame-retardant wood (Wood-HCC). Simultaneously, sodium methyl silicate was incorporated as a non-toxic hydrophobic agent to create flame-retardant hydrophobic wood (Wood-HCCS) via a biomimetic mineralization and self-assembly approach. Transition metal (Cu/Fe)-loaded zeolites were integrated to catalyze the conversion of CO to CO2, mitigating the toxicity of gaseous emissions. These bio-based coatings significantly enhanced both flame retardancy and hydrophobicity. Wood-HCC exhibited a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 34.5%, demonstrating self-extinguishing behavior. A substantial increase in char residue from 4.5% (untreated wood) to 19.0% (Wood-HCC) indicated improved thermal stability. Furthermore, Wood-HCC showed a 39.4% reduction in peak heat release rate (pHRR) and a 51.5% reduction in total heat release (THR), accompanied by significant decreases in CO and CO2 emissions. Wood-HCCS displayed a high water contact angle (WCA) of 113.7 degrees, which remained above 97.5 degrees even after 30 cycles of abrasive sanding, showcasing robust hydrophobicity and abrasion resistance. This study exploited the self-assembly properties of bio-based flame retardants, hydrophobicity of sodium methyl silicate and the catalytic activity of transition metals to enhance the flame retardancy and hydrophobicity of wood, while simultaneously mitigating the toxicity of CO, without compromising overall flame-retardant efficacy. This approach holds significant promise for improving the fire safety and durability of wood-based structural components and coatings.

The toxic metal cadmium (Cd) poses a serious threat to plant growth and human health. Populus euphratica calcium-dependent protein kinase 21 (CPK21) has previously been shown to attenuate Cd toxicity by reducing Cd accumulation, enhancing antioxidant defense and improving water balance in transgenic Arabidopsis. Here, we confirmed a protein–protein interaction between PeCPK21 and Arabidopsis nuclear transcription factor YC3 (AtNF-YC3) by yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. AtNF-YC3 was induced by Cd and strongly expressed in PeCPK21-overexpressed plants. Overexpression of AtNF-YC3 in Arabidopsis reduced the Cd inhibition of root length, fresh weight and membrane stability under Cd stress conditions (100 µM, 7 d), suggesting that AtNF-YC3 appears to contribute to the improvement of Cd stress tolerance. AtNF-YC3 improved Cd tolerance by limiting Cd uptake and accumulation, activating antioxidant enzymes and reducing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production under Cd stress. We conclude that PeCPK21 interacts with AtNF-YC3 to limit Cd accumulation and enhance the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system and thereby positively regulate plant adaptation to Cd environments. This study highlights the interaction between PeCPK21 and AtNF-YC3 under Cd stress conditions, which can be utilized to improve Cd tolerance in higher plants.

Forests are vital for terrestrial ecosystems, providing crucial functions like carbon sequestration and water conservation. In the Yellow River Basin, where 70% of forest coverage is concentrated in the middle reaches encompassing Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Shanxi provinces, there exists significant potential for coal production, with nine planned coal bases. This study centered on Jincheng City, Shanxi Province, a representative coal mining area in the Yellow River Basin, and combined the MSPA analysis method and MCR model to generate the five-period forest ecological network of Jincheng City from 1985 to 2022 under the background of coal mining and calculate the degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and eigenvector centrality; the correlation between the four centralities and carbon sequestration ability is further explored. Simultaneously, employing the RAND-ESU algorithm for motif identification within forest ecological networks, this study integrates the ecological policies of the research area with the specific conditions of the coal mining region to optimize the forest ecological network in Jincheng City. Findings reveal the following. (1) Forest ecological spatial networks: Forest ecological networks exhibit robust overall ecological connectivity in the study area, with potential ecological corridors spanning the region. However, certain areas with high ecological resistance hinder connectivity between key forest ecological nodes under the background of coal mining. (2) Correlation between topological indices and carbon sequestration ecological services: From 1985 to 2022, the carbon sequestration capacity of Jincheng City’s forest source areas increased year by year, and significant positive correlations were observed between degree centrality, betweenness centrality, eigenvector centrality with carbon sequestration ecological services, indicating a strengthening trend over time. (3) Motif Recognition and Ecological Network Optimization: During the study, four types of motifs were identified in the forest ecological network of Jincheng City based on the number of nodes and their connections using the RAND-ESU network motif algorithm. These motifs are 3a, 4a, 4b, and 4d (where the number represents the number of nodes and the letter represents the connection type). Among these, motifs 3a and 4b play a crucial role. Based on these motifs and practical considerations, network optimization was performed on the existing ecological source areas to enhance the robustness of the forest ecological network.

Global warming has led to severe land desertification on the Mongolian plateau. It puts great environmental pressure on vegetation communities. This pressure leads to fragmentation of land use and landscape patterns, thus triggering changes in the spatial distribution patterns of vegetation. The spatial distribution pattern of vegetation is crucial for the performance of its ecosystem services. However, there is not enough research on the relationship between large-scale spatial distribution patterns of vegetation and ecosystem services. Therefore, this study is to construct an ecological spatial network on the Mongolian Plateau based on landscape ecology and complex network theory. Combining pattern analysis methods to analyze the network, we obtained the spatial and temporal trends of forest and grass spatial distribution patterns from 2000 to 2100, and explored the relationship between the topological properties of source patches and ecosystem services in different patterns. It was found that there are four basic patterns of spatial distribution of forest and grass in the Mongolian Plateau. The Core-Linked Ring pattern accounts for 40.74 % and exhibits the highest stability. Under the SSP5-RCP8.5 scenario, source patches are reduced by 22.76 % in 2100. Topological indicators of source patches showed significant correlations with ecosystem services. For example, the CUE of grassland patches in the Centralized Star pattern was positively correlated with betweeness centrality. The most significant improvement in WUE after optimization is 19.90 % compared to pre-optimization. The conclusion of the study shows that the spatial distribution pattern of vegetation can be used to enhance the stability of ecological spatial network and improve ecosystem services at a larger scale. It can provide a certain reference for the study of spatial patterns of vegetation distribution in arid and semi-arid areas.

The aim of this study was to reveal the stoichiometric characteristics of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of

The applicability of wood-plastic composites has attracted great attention due to the improved sustainability. However, the fabrication of wood-plastic composites with excellent flame retardance and smoke suppression without compromising the mechanical property remains a great challenge. In this study, marigold straw (MS)-polyurethane (PU) composites (MPCs) were treated with phytic acid (PA) as a flame retardant and iron oxide (Fe2O3) as a smoke suppressor. The oxygen index of the proposed Fe/TMS (treated marigold straw)/PU/PA-10 composite was 27.8, and the total heat release was 12.02 MJ/m2. Fe2O3 and PA formed a mesh chelate in the form of a coordination bond, which provided a highly graphitized solid flame-retardant layer during the combustion process, improving the high-temperature stability of Fe/TMS/PU/PA-10. In addition, Fe2O3 can effectively catalyze the conversion of unsaturated gases, such as CO, into CO2. This is essential to suppress the smoke release and also avoid the production of toxic gases. The phosphate group of PA is cross-linked with the -NCO group of TDI (2,4-Toluene diisocyanate), thus significantly enhanced the physical properties of MPCs. This study provides an environmentally friendly approach to enhancing the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of MPCs.

Obtaining the direction of a diameter line through the tree pith is the basis of effective sampling by a micro-drill resistance instrument. In order to implement non-destructive tree pith location in the radial direction, the geometric property of tree pith, the longest chord through the tree pith on the cross-section will bisect outer contour circumference, as first proposed and proven in this paper. Based on this property, a non-destructive tree pith radial location method based on terrestrial laser scanning was developed. The experiments of pith radial location were made on the tree discs and the error of location is less than 1.5% for cross-section shape closed to ellipse on four tree species. The geometric property and location method of the tree pith in this research would play an important role in studying the growth process of standing trees, obtaining processed wood properties, and estimating tree age.

Phase change materials (PCMs) with high thermal storage densities and nearly isothermal process can use latent heat to store energy. However, their suboptimal leaching resistance and narrow temperature range hindered their development. In this work, an ingenious design of microencapsulated PCMs with core-shell structure (M-PCMs) was built by interfacial polymerization. Formaldehyde-free polyurethane was selected as the shell. Compounding poly(ethylene glycol) formed a double-component energy storage mode and acted as core. The morphology, leaching resistance, chemical structure, and thermal properties of M-PCMs were investigated. Results showed the M-PCMs were constructed with an even size distribution by the synergism of core/shell mass ratio optimization and emulsifier emulsification. The -N=C=O on isophorone diisocyanate reacting to diethylene triamine with -NH2 group formed a polyurethane shell through urea linkage and polymerized compounding PEG by -OH. The M-PCMs obtained high latent heats of 97.19 and 98.58 J.g(-1) which were regulated by two peak temperatures at 28.02 and 36.24 degrees C as well as 23.12 and 32.88 degrees C during the energy storage/release stage, respectively. The undercooling was reduced by the energy compensation of temperature levels. This research offered a novel way for ecoenvironment M-PCMs fabrication, and the obtained M-PCMs are promising for energy storage temperature extension and indoor comfort improvement.

Ag/TiO2 wood-based nanocomposites were prepared by the methods of ultrasound impregnation and vacuum impregnation. The as-prepared samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and water contact angles (WCAs). The anti-mold properties of the Ag/TiO2 wood-based nanocomposites were improved by 14 times compared to those of the original wood. The nano-Ag/TiO2, which was impregnated in the tracheid and attached to the cell walls, was able to form a two-stage rough structure and reduce the number of hydroxyl functional groups on the wood surfaces. The resulting decline of wood hydrophobic and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) destroyed the moisture environment necessary for mold survival. Ag/TiO2 was deposited in the wood pores, which reduced the number and volume of pores and blocked the path of mold infection. Thus, the anti-mold properties of the Ag/TiO2 wood-based nanocomposite were improved by cutting off the water source and blocking the mold infection path. This study reveals the anti-mold mechanism of Ag/TiO2 wood-based nanocomposites and provides a feasible pathway for wood-based nanocomposites with anti-mold functions.

As a byproduct from the soybean oil industry, soy meal can be reproduced into value-added products to replace formaldehyde as a plywood adhesive. However, the use of soy meal has been limited by its poor antifungal and antiseptic properties. In this work, three kinds of material, namely nano-Ag/TiO2, zinc pyrithione, and 4-cumylphenol were applied to enhance the mildew resistance of soy meal via breakdown of the cellular structure of mildew. The fungi and mold resistance, morphology, thermal properties, and mechanism of the modified soy meal were evaluated. The success of the antifungal and antiseptic properties was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that all three kinds of material improved the fungi and mold resistance of soy meal, and sample B, which was modified with a compound of nano-Ag/TiO2 and zinc pyrithione, was the effective antifungal raw material for the soy-based adhesives. FTIR indicated that the great improvement of antifungal properties of soy meal modified with 4-cumylphenol might be caused by the reaction between COO– groups of soy protein. This research can help understand the effects of the chemical modification of nano-Ag/TiO2, zinc pyrithione, and 4-cumylphenol on soy meal, and the modified soy meal exhibits potential for utilization in the plywood adhesive industry.

Composites using agricultural and forestry residues as raw materials with potentially high-performance, multifunctional and biodegradable ecological advantages, are viewed as very promising for new-generation lightweight and low-cost bio-based sustainable building materials. At present, the research on wood-plastic composite materials is relatively mature. However, it is still a challenge to effectively use other biomass and improve the interface of the high-polymer compound system. Herein, we proposed a simple and effective method to enhance the interfacial adhesion properties of rice husk fibre and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) composites by the silane coupling agent KH-550 and compatibilizer Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MAPE) with complementary modification. It was found that the coupling agent KH-550 cross-linked with the hydroxyl group on the husk fibre surface and solidified with the high polymer by –NH–, –C=O– functional group generation. Compatibilizer MAPE strengthened the two phases by covalently bonding with an ester linkage and lowered the roughness of the cross-section of the composites. Meanwhile the modification enhanced the dispersibility, and mechanical properties of the husk-high polymer compound system, the bending and flexural strength were improved by 11.5% and 28.9% with KH-550, and MAPE added, respectively. The flexural strength of the composites increased by 40.7% after complementary modification. Furthermore, the complementary modification treatment reduced the hydrophilic hydroxyl groups and increased the molecular chain to improve the water-resistance, elastic modulus and toughness of the composite. This study prepared a bio-composite, which is expected to expand the use of agricultural and forestry residues as an extension of wood-plastic composites.

Three kinds of wood, Prunus trilobata, Hong Ji Mu and Huang Jing Mu, were selected as the research objects. TG, FT-IR and GC-MS) And thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TDSGC- MS) were used to analyze the organic solvent extracts from three kinds of wood. The statistical methods were used to establish the TG and FT-IR fingerprints and the GC-MS chemical composition analysis tables of all kinds of wood respectively, and then the comparative analysis was conducted. The results showed that the three kinds of wood TG maps and FTIR fingerprints of the overall trend of consistency, however, there are differences in details. These differences are conducive to the future division and reasonable combination of the three types of timber in the scientific use of the three types of timber resources. At the same time, GC-MS was used to compare and analyze the chemical compositions of the three woods. The results showed that the chemical compositions of the three woods were similar, and the three kinds of wood had a significant role in the fields of medicine and so on. Through the GCMS analysis of three kinds of wood, it is beneficial to the application in the fields of medicine, fragrance, chemical industry and fine chemical industry, which provides the basis for more scientific utilization of three kinds of wood resources in the future. According to the result of TD-GC-MS analysis, it helps us understand the three kinds of wood ingredients, as well as the functional, pros and cons of the ingredients. Thus, in the future can be more scientific, healthy, reasonable use of these three kinds of wood.

为提高杨木防霉性能,通过抑菌圈法分别测定3种防霉体系对黑曲霉的抑制能力,并用3种防霉剂体系对杨木单板进行浸渍处理,研究3种防霉剂载药量及对黑曲霉的抑制效果.结果表明:以氨铜为主要有效成分的防霉剂B浓度为1.5％时,对黑曲霉的抑制率可达99％以上,对杨木单板进行浸渍处理,满足GB/T 18261—2013《防霉剂对木材霉菌及变色菌防治效力的试验方法》中试样受霉菌感染值0级的要求;载药量达到3.99 kg/m3时,对黑曲霉抑制效果优良;该氨铜类防霉剂浸渍处理的杨木单板可有效防止霉变.