Polyclonal antibodies that recognize sibutramine and an indirect competition enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay were prepared to detect the content of Western butramine to be tested. Immunogen and coating progen were obtained by conjugation with bovine serum albumin and ovalbumin by active ester method with 1 -(4 -phenol) cyclobutamine as hapten, and the New Zealand white rabbit was immunized after the conjugate was successfully conjugated by ultraviolet scanning, and the obtained antibody serum was screened by indirect competition enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay detection to screen out the best antibody, and then the coating progen was replaced with 5-hydroxytryptamine-ovalbumin to compare the titer and inhibition rate, and the heterologous coating effect was better, and the heterologous coating was used for follow-up experiments. By changing the concentration of coating and antibody, the inhibition rate was found when the coating was 31.25 ng/ml and the antibody was diluted 8000 times. The antibody had the highest sensitivity for the two standards at the half maximal inhibitory concentration of 4.89 ng/ml, a limit of detection of 0.21 ng/ml, and a detection range of 0.68-35.21 ng/ml for the 8000 fold -dilution of the original 31.25 ng/ml and an 8000 -fold dilution of the antibody. The recovery under these conditions ranged between 88 % and 105 %, which was within a reasonable range, indicating that the rapid enzyme linked immunosorbent assays was successfully established.

ABSTRACT As a traditional Chinese medicine, Angelica dahurica has significant medicinal and nutritional value. To optimize the extraction of flavonoids from Angelica dahurica and enhance its medicinal value, this study was conducted to optimize the process using response surface methodology and investigated the effects of ultrasonication time, ethanol concentration, and solid-liquid ratio on the extraction rate of flavonoids in Angelica dahurica based on single-factor tests. The ultrasound-assisted extraction process can significantly improve the extraction rate of flavonoids in Angelica dahurica, and the flavonoids exhibit antioxidant capacities, which provides a practical basis for the extraction of active ingredients from Angelica dahurica.

本文建立高效液相色谱法-荧光检测器测定蜂蜜中的氧氟沙星药物残留量的方法.提取分离时蜂蜜和NaOH溶液的比例为1:1,蜂蜜和乙酸乙腈溶液比例为1:5.色谱条件:0.2％甲酸溶液—乙腈为流动相,比例为87:13,35℃柱温,1.5 mL·min-1流速,荧光检测280 nm激发波长,发射波长450 nm.实验结果表明,此方法简单,成本低,效率高,实用性强.

Develop the ic-ELISA rapid detection method of Enrofloxacin (ENR). Corresponding antibodies are obtained by animal immunity to identify their titer and specificity. The optimal coating time was obtained by indirect competition ELISA, and the antigen coating time, suitable coating concentration, primary antibody dilution factor, blocking solution blocking time, primary antibody reaction time and secondary antibody reaction time were optimized, and the specificity and accuracy of the method were evaluated. The ic-ELISA rapid detection method of ENR, IC50 was 9.13 ng/mL, and the linear detection range (IC20-IC80) was 4.16-20.03 ng/mL. The LOD limit is 2.11 ng/mL. The cross-reactivity rate of 9 fluoroquinolones was above 10%, and the average recovery rate was above 80%. The reason why the heterologous coating is more sensitive may be due to the fact that the piperazine group of ofloxacin is one less carbon atom than enrofloxacin, and ofloxacin is connected to the main ring by N and O hybridization, while enrofloxacin is connected to the main ring through a ternary ring, these two reasons may cause the charge density of extracyclic oxygen at the ofloxacin binding site to be higher than that of enrofloxacin, and the binding ability to antibodies is stronger. Therefore, when heterologous coating, the competitive inhibition rate against enrofloxacin is higher and the effect is better. The conclusion obtained through this experiment is that the detection method has strong broad spectrum and good sensitivity, and can quickly detect the total amount of enrofloxacin and its seven common fluoroquinolones in fish and eggs.

在"健康中国2030"的国家发展战略背景下,为了提升国民营养健康水平,食品工业向新兴营养健康食品产业发展已成必然趋势.随着健康中国战略的推进,食品营养与健康领域的人才严重缺乏,亟需一批可从事健康管理、营养健康食品研发、功能食品研发、公共营养、中医营养等岗位的专业人才.作为食品科学与工程专业的一门关键核心课程,食品工艺学实验课程与众多食品企业息息相关,并为食品企业输送大量的专业人才.

This study investigated the feasibility to improve the emulsifying capacity of chicken liver (CL) protein using different isoelectric solubilization/precipitation (ISP) processes. The CL proteins were first solubilized at alkaline pH 10.5, 11.0, 11.5, and 12.0, followed by precipitation at pH 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0, respectively. Fresh CL paste was set as the control (raw). With the increase in solubilization pH, the protein recovery yield increased under the same precipitation pH, and the pH 12.0, 5.5 treatment obtained the highest recovery yield of 82% (p < 0.05), followed by the pH 5.0 precipitation treatments and the pH 12.0, 6.0 treatment. The particle size distribution of D3,2 and D4,3 was smaller for the pH 10.5 (except for the D4,3 of pH 10.5, 5.0) and pH 11.0 solubilization treatments than those of the other treatments (p < 0.05), regardless of precipitation pH. Compared with that of the raw control, the emulsions of the pH 10.5 and pH 11.0 solubilization treatments, and pH 12.0, 6.0 treatment showed good stability. The pH 10.5, 6.0 treatment showed the best emulsification activity, followed by the pH 10.5, 5.5, pH 11.0, 6.0, pH 12.0, 6.0, pH 10.5, 5.0, pH 11.0, 5.5, and pH 11.0, 5.0 treatments, which were uniformly distributed and were stable without the stratification of emulsions. It was concluded that CL protein recovered through suitable ISP showed potential as an emulsifier, and thus expanded the application of CL protein for human consumption.

为生产优质的挂糊调理猪肉产品,以蕉藕淀粉、玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉、糯米淀粉和高筋面粉5种淀粉对猪肉进行挂糊,研究比较不同淀粉挂糊的猪肉经油炸后其品质的变化情况.结果表明:高筋面粉的挂糊率(27.46％±0.02％)显著高于其他4种淀粉的挂糊率(P＜0.05),玉米淀粉和蕉藕淀粉挂糊率最低;蕉藕淀粉和高筋面粉组具有显著高的L*值、a*值(P＜0.05)和显著低的b*值(P＜0.05);蕉藕淀粉挂糊组猪肉水分含量最高,显著高于木薯淀粉、玉米淀粉和糯米淀粉组(P＜0.05),而脂肪含量最小(10.36％±1.05％);用蕉藕淀粉挂糊的肉质弹性最大(0.71±0.03),硬度(8 743.79±284.99)g和剪切力值(9.16±1.08)N最小(P＜0.05);蕉藕淀粉挂糊组的产品感官得分最高(32.55±0.88),木薯淀粉组的最低(28.90±1.44).综合考虑,蕉藕淀粉可作为生产优质挂糊调理猪肉产品外壳糊中基础淀粉配方的最优选择.

《中国居民膳食指南研究报告(2021)》指出,超重、肥胖及膳食相关慢性病问题日趋严重,已经成为我国严重的公共卫生问题.《"健康中国2030"规划纲要》将深入开展食物营养功能评价、加强慢性病防控作为健康中国的重要组成部分.亳州位于皖北地区,是四大药都之首,药食同源植物资源丰富,在资源利用、健康产业的发展上有着天然的优势,加强药食同源植物资源产品开发,将有助于慢性病的预防以及控制慢性病的发生发展.

目的:建立检测环丙沙星药物残留的酶联免疫分析方法.方法:采用活泼酯法制备免疫原环丙沙星-牛血清蛋白偶联物、同源包被原环丙沙星-鸡卵清蛋白偶联物、异源包被原氧氟沙星-鸡卵清蛋白偶联物.采用紫外吸收光谱法扫描鉴定人工抗原是否偶联成功.用免疫原免疫新西兰大白兔得到多克隆抗体,对其性能进行鉴定.通过间接竞争酶联免疫分析方法筛选最佳包被原,对抗体和包被原的最佳工作浓度、封闭液浓度等条件进行优化,建立检测环丙沙星的检测方法.最后对方法特异性和准确度进行评价.结果:同源包被比异源包被效果好.当包被原稀释8000倍,抗体稀释4000倍时,对环丙沙星的检测灵敏度最高,半抑制浓度IC50为0.16 ng/m L,检测限IC10为0.012 ng/m L.除诺氟沙星外,对其余几种环丙沙星类似物的交叉反应率均在15％ 以下,鱼肉、禽蛋样品的添加回收率范围为80％ ～105％.结论:该检测方法对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星具有较强的特异性及较高的灵敏度,可用于水产品、禽蛋中环丙沙星、诺氟沙星的快速检测.

为优化真空油浴制备紫薯脆片的加工工艺,得到最佳的紫薯脆片,以紫薯为原料,采用单一护色剂柠檬酸预处理结合真空油浴工艺加工方式制作紫薯脆片,探究柠檬酸添加量、油浴温度及油浴时间对紫薯脆片的感官评分、含油率、脆度和色差的影响.结果表明,紫薯脆片的最佳工艺为柠檬酸添加量2.0％、油浴温度90℃、油浴时间35 min,在此条件下制作的紫薯脆片综合品质最佳.

目的:建立诺氟沙星的间接竞争酶联免疫分析方法.方法:采用活泼酯法将诺氟沙星与牛血清蛋白偶联制备免疫原,与鸡卵清蛋白偶联制备包被原;采用活泼酯法将氧氟沙星与鸡卵清蛋白偶联制备包被原;用紫外吸收光谱法扫描鉴定以上人工抗原是否偶联成功.将免疫原通过动物免疫获得诺氟沙星抗体,利用间接竞争酶联免疫分析方法确定最佳包被原、抗体和包被原的最佳工作浓度,优化二抗浓度、反应时间,并对方法特异性和准确度进行评价.结果:选用氧氟沙星包被原时灵敏度较高,当氧氟沙星包被原浓度为125 ng/m L,抗体稀释倍数为500倍,二抗稀释倍数为5000倍,反应时间为30 min时,对诺氟沙星的识别灵敏度最高,半抑制浓度IC50为4.23 ng/mL,定量检测线性范围(IC20～IC80)为0.29～61.83 ng/m L,检测限IC10为0.06 ng/m L.对诺氟沙星及其他4种常见氟喹诺酮类物质交叉反应率大于5％,实际样品添加回收率范围在70％ ～95％ 之间.结论:该检测方法具有较强的广谱性及较高的灵敏度,可以快速检测鱼肉及蜂蜜中的诺氟沙星及其他4种常见氟喹诺酮类物质总量.

In the study, tartary buckwheat sprouts of Chuanqiao 1 cultivar were investigated, and the effects of microwave-assisted L-phenylalanine (L-Phe) treatment on the flavonoids of tartary buckwheat during germination were studied. The content of flavonoids of tartary buckwheat sprouts was used as the standard, the single factor test and CCD response surface design methods were used to optimize the process of flavonoid enrichment by microwave-assisted L-Phe treatment of tartary buckwheat during germination. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the flavonoid in tartary buckwheat sprouts. The results showed that the tartary buckwheat seeds were disinfected and germinated, then the seeds were treated by microwave with the power of 250 W for 90 s, the microwave temperature was (40±2)℃. Then, the tartary buckwheat seeds were cultured in the dark for 7 days at the condition of the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 75%±5% RH, and 2.90 mmol/L L-Phe solution was put into the germination tray as a nutrient solution. The result by detection showed the flavonoid content of tartary buckwheat sprouts on the 7th day was 6.26 g/100 g. Simultaneously, three flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, vitexin and rutin, were separated and determined by HPLC, and the content was 3.2764, 0.5644 and 31.8962 mg/g, respectively.

In total, 16 yeast were isolated from Chinese strong flavour Daqu samples and underwent RAPD analysis and identification. Totally, 11 different species were identified among these isolates including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hanseniaspora vineae, Pichia kluyveri, Trichosporon asahii, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Kluyveromyces lactis, Yarrowia lipolytica, Wickerhamomyces mori, Galactomyces geotrichum, Dabaryomyces hansenii, and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii. To understand the impact of these yeast strains on the quality and flavour of Daqu, we then assessed volatile compounds associated with Daqu samples fermented with corresponding strains. These analyses revealed strain YE006 exhibited the most robust ability to produce ethanol via fermentation but yielded relatively low quantities of volatile compounds, whereas strain YE010 exhibited relatively poor fermentation efficiency but produced the greatest quantity of volatile compounds. These two yeast strains were then utilized in a mixed culture to produce fortified Daqu, with the optimal inoculum size being assessed experimentally. These analyses revealed that maximal fermentation, saccharifying, liquefying, and esterifying power as well as high levels of volatile compounds were achieved when using a 2% inoculum composed of YE006/YE010 at a 1:2 (v/v) ratio. When the liquor prepared using this optimized fortified Daqu was compared to unfortified control Daqu, the former was found to exhibit significantly higher levels of flavour compounds and better sensory scores. Overall, our findings may provide a reliable approach to ensuring Daqu quality and improving the consistency and flavour of Chinese strong-flavour liquor through bioaugmentation.

将山楂粉、甘草提取物与柠檬酸、碳酸氢钠等原料配合,制成一款具有益气健脾、清肝明目功效的泡腾片.采用单因素及响应面试验,以感官评分为指标,对甘草山楂泡腾片的配方进行优化.结果表明,甘草山楂泡腾片最佳生产配方为:甘草提取物4％、山楂粉4％、柠檬酸37％、碳酸氢钠37％、聚乙二醇6000添加量8％、红糖粉10％,此条件下泡腾片的感官评分为83.26分.对此泡腾片的pH、起泡量、崩解时限等参数进行测定,均符合国标对固体速溶饮品泡腾片的要求.试验结果可为药食同源植物的利用和固体速溶饮品泡腾片的开发提供参考依据.

The acidified structure of acetaminophen (ACA) and 3-Oxo-3-(phenylamino) propanoic acid (3-O-3) were used to couple bovine serum albumin (BSA) to prepare haptens, respectively. A highly sensitive and specificive competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ciELISA) method was developed for the detection of acetaminophen using 3-O-3-BSA for New Zealand white rabbit immunization to produce antibodies. The IC50 was 6.66 ng/mL, the detection limit was 0.32 ng/mL, and the quantitative detection range was 0.91-48.54 ng/mL. Comparing the performance of ACA-BSA antibody and 3-O-3-BSA antibody recognition of acetaminophen, it was found that the carbonyl site of 3-O-3 plays a major role in antigen-antibody recognition, while para-phenolic hydroxyl does not play an important role in the recognition process. The study provided theoretical guidance for the preparation of acetaminophen recognition antibodies, and established a rapid detection method for acetaminophen.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a testicular Occludin gene knockout model in mice and observe the phenotypic changes.METHODS:Occludin-floxed (genotype Floxp/-) mice were constructed based on the Cre/loxp system, which were cross-bred with AQP2-cre (genotype Cre/-) mice to derive Occludin knockout mice (Genotype Floxp/Floxp Cre/-). The genotype of the F1 knockout mice was identified by PCR and Southern blot technology. The expression of the Occludin protein in the knockout mice was determined by qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry to verify the success of the modeling. Comparisons were made in the sperm count between the model and normal mice, followed by analysis of their fertility.RESULTS:The target mice of Occludin knockout were successfully constructed, which, compared with the normal controls, showed significantly down-regulated expression of the occludin protein, decreased sperm count and reduced fertility (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Occludin gene knockout mice were successfully constructed, and deletion of Occludin affects the reproductive function of the mice.

依据红枣、山药"食补"的传统习惯,开发出一款适合现代人群的调气养颜泡腾片,力求保持营养,并且具有速溶特性.采用单因素及正交试验设计,对红枣山药泡腾片的配方进行优化,并探讨其贮藏特性.结果表明,泡腾片最佳生产配方为:红枣和山药(质量比4∶3)添加量14％、枸杞和菊花提取物(质量比2∶3)添加量10％、柠檬酸和碳酸氢钠(质量比1∶0.6)添加量20％、茉莉香精添加量0.06％、聚乙二醇6000添加量5％、红糖粉添加量50.94％,该配方的泡腾片感官评价得分为87.8分.在贮藏时间0～180d内,固体速溶饮品泡腾片的各指标参数符合国标要求.该试验结果可为固体速溶饮品的生产和花草茶行业的发展提供参考依据.