ObjectiveThe aim of meta-analysis was to analyze the impact of Tai Chi (TC) on the sleep quality of cancer patients.MethodsThe randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the effect of TC on sleep quality of cancer patients were searched from seven electronic databases, and their methodological quality was assessed. The sleep quality of cancer patients was evaluated using Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Heterogeneity was tested by Cochran‘s Q and I2 test. Egger test assessed the publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of each study on the combined results.ResultsThree RCTs with moderate methodological quality were included, which were executed in China and included a total of 145 patients. The pooled results showed that TC significantly improved the sleep quality of cancer patients [WMD (95%CI) = −3.34 (−4.42, −2.27), p < 0.0001]. No publication bias was observed among studies (p = 0.394).ConclusionTC can improve the sleep quality of cancer patients. It is recommended to develop standardized protocols for TC and explore its long-term effects.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251275343, identifier: CRD420251275343.

Objective: The meta-analysis aimed to investigate the potential effect of backward walking training (BWT) on walking function improvement among stroke patients. Data sources: Eligible studies were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Methods: Heterogeneity among enrolled studies was assessed. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to pool the outcomes. Results: Seven articles were included. BWT significantly improved motor functions of stroke patients including 10-meter walk test (WMD (95% CI) = 0.11 (0.01, 0.21) meters/second; p = 0.03); cadence (WMD (95% CI) = 4.00 (0.99, 7.02) step/minute; p < 0.01); Berg balance scale (WMD (95% CI) = 4.38 (2.60, 6.15); p < 0.01); paretic step length (WMD (95% CI) = 5.32 (1.97, 8.67) cm; p < 0.01); and stride length (WMD (95% CI) = 6.61 (0.70, 12.51) cm; p = 0.03) as compared with control group. Conclusion: Our study revealed that BWT had a positive influence on walking function improvement among patients after stroke.

Background:Acute leukemia (AL) is a kind of malignant tumor of hematopoietic system. A number of studies have suggested that Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms are significantly associated with risk of AL. Present study performs meta-analysis to evaluate the association between CYP2B6 c.516G>T variant and AL risk. Methods: Databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang were searched for literatures to September 30, 2019, both in English and Chinese. Relative risk and its 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the associations. Statistical analyses of this meta-analysis were conducted by using STATA 13.0. software. Results:A total of 7 studies, including 1038 cases and 1648 controls, were analyzed. Our results indicated thatCYP2B6 c.516G>T variant was significantly related to an increased the risk of AL under dominant model, recessive model, homozygote model, and allelic model. In addition, subgroup analyses were also performed by disease classification, country, and study design. No significant associations were obtained between CYP2B6 c.516G>T variant and the risk of AL under the recessive model in the design of hospital-based (relative risk=0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.95–1.01; P=0.118). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis indicated that the CYP2B6 variant is significantly associated with AL risk, in which CYP2B6 c.516G>T is related to an increased risk of AL. Abbreviations: AL = acute leukemia, ALL = acute lymphoblastic leukemia, AML = acute myeloid leukemia, CIs = confidence intervals, CNKI = China National Knowledge Infrastructure, HWE = Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, RR = relative risk.

Background:Acute leukemia (AL) is a kind of malignant tumor of hematopoietic system. A number of studies have suggested that Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms are significantly associated with risk of AL. Present study performs meta-analysis to evaluate the association between CYP2B6 c.516G>T variant and AL risk. Methods: Databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang were searched for literatures to September 30, 2019, both in English and Chinese. Relative risk and its 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the associations. Statistical analyses of this meta-analysis were conducted by using STATA 13.0. software. Results:A total of 7 studies, including 1038 cases and 1648 controls, were analyzed. Our results indicated thatCYP2B6 c.516G>T variant was significantly related to an increased the risk of AL under dominant model, recessive model, homozygote model, and allelic model. In addition, subgroup analyses were also performed by disease classification, country, and study design. No significant associations were obtained between CYP2B6 c.516G>T variant and the risk of AL under the recessive model in the design of hospital-based (relative risk=0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.95–1.01; P=0.118). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis indicated that the CYP2B6 variant is significantly associated with AL risk, in which CYP2B6 c.516G>T is related to an increased risk of AL. Abbreviations: AL = acute leukemia, ALL = acute lymphoblastic leukemia, AML = acute myeloid leukemia, CIs = confidence intervals, CNKI = China National Knowledge Infrastructure, HWE = Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, RR = relative risk.

To systematically review the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with minimally invasive surgery or basic the-rapy in treating hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH) patients compared with minimally invasive surgery or basic treatment. In this study, the four Chinese databases, the four English databases, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and ClinicalTrail.gov, all above were systematically and comprehensively retrieved from the time of database establishment to September 10, 2020. Rando-mized controlled trials(RCTs) were screened out according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria established in advanced. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated by the tool named Cochrane bias risk assessment 6.1. Meta-analysis of the included studies was performed using RevMan 5.4, and the quality of outcome indicators was evaluated by the GRADE system. Finally, 17 studies were included, involving 1 852 patients with HICH, and the overall quality of the included studies was not high. According to Meta-analysis,(1)CSS score of the group of acupuncture combined with minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy was superior to the group of minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy(MD=-3.50,95%CI[-4.39,-2.61],P<0.000 01);(2)NIHSS score of the group of acupuncture combined with minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy was superior to the group of minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy(MD=-4.78,95%CI[-5.55,-4.00],P<0.000 01);(3)the cerebral hematoma volume of the group of acupuncture combined with minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy was superior to the group of minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy(MD=-4.44,95%CI[-5.83,-3.04],P<0.000 01);(4)ADL score of the group of acupuncture combined with minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy was superior to the group of minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy(MD=20.81,95%CI[17.25,24.37],P<0.000 01);(5)the GCS score of the group of acupuncture combined with minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy was superior to the group of minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy(MD=2.41,95%CI[1.90,2.91],P<0.000 01). The GRADE system showed an extremely low level of evidence for the above outcome indicators. Adverse reactions were mentioned only in two literatures, with no adverse reactions reported. The available evidence showed that acupuncture combined with minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy had a certain efficacy in patients of HICH compared with minimally invasive surgery or basic therapy. However, due to the high risk of bias in the included studies, its true efficacy needs to be verified by more high-quality studies in the future.

Background:Acute leukemia (AL) is a kind of malignant tumor of hematopoietic system. A number of studies have suggested that Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms are significantly associated with risk of AL. Present study performs meta-analysis to evaluate the association between CYP2B6 c.516G>T variant and AL risk. Methods: Databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang were searched for literatures to September 30, 2019, both in English and Chinese. Relative risk and its 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the associations. Statistical analyses of this meta-analysis were conducted by using STATA 13.0. software. Results:A total of 7 studies, including 1038 cases and 1648 controls, were analyzed. Our results indicated thatCYP2B6 c.516G>T variant was significantly related to an increased the risk of AL under dominant model, recessive model, homozygote model, and allelic model. In addition, subgroup analyses were also performed by disease classification, country, and study design. No significant associations were obtained between CYP2B6 c.516G>T variant and the risk of AL under the recessive model in the design of hospital-based (relative risk=0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.95–1.01; P=0.118). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis indicated that the CYP2B6 variant is significantly associated with AL risk, in which CYP2B6 c.516G>T is related to an increased risk of AL. Abbreviations: AL = acute leukemia, ALL = acute lymphoblastic leukemia, AML = acute myeloid leukemia, CIs = confidence intervals, CNKI = China National Knowledge Infrastructure, HWE = Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, RR = relative risk.

To overview of systematic reviews/Meta-analysis of Xingnaojing Injection(XNJ) in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). The systematic reviews concerning XNJ in the treatment of ICH were retrieved from four Chinese databases, four English databases, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and ClinicalTrail.gov, with the retrieval time set from their inception to September 2020. Following the independent screening and data extraction by two researchers, a measurement tool to assess systematic evaluation 2(AMSTAR 2) and grades of recommendation, assessment, development and evaluation(GRADE) system were used to evaluate the metho-dological, reporting and evidence qualities of the 10 included systematic reviews. The results showed that XNJ was superior to the wes-tern medicine or conventional treatment in improving the effective rate and National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS) score, Barthel index(BI), and Glasgow coma scale(GCS) score and Chinese stroke scale(CSS) score, and reducing the mortality and cerebral hematoma volume, without inducing obvious adverse reactions. In general, the methodological, reporting and evidence qualities of the 10 included systematic reviews were poor. The AMSTAR 2 scores showed that key items No. 2 and No. 16 failed to meet the stan-dard, resulting in poor methodological quality. There was only one outcome indicator graded by GRADE as intermediate quality, 43% indicators as low quality, 42% indicators as extremely low quality, and none as high quality. These available evidences have suggested that the methodological, reporting and evidence qualities of the systematic evaluation concerning XNJ for the treatment of ICH need to be improved. Most evidences support that XNJ was better than the western medicine or conventional treatment in the treatment of ICH, but the methodological quality and the reliability of outcome indicators in relevant systematic review were low. More high-quality studies are still required for further verification.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the effect of conventional medical treatment plus Qigong exercise on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) in Chinese patients.METHODS: A literature search was conducted in Pub Med, Medline, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang and China Science and Technology Journal Database until on January 2017. In this Meta-analysis, enrolled were the studies, including experimental group(with conventional medical treatment plus Qigong therapy) and control group(with conventional medicaltreatment plus diet control or other exercises).Then, the standardized mean differences(SMDs) of fasting blood-glucose(FBG), 2-hplasmaglucose(2 h PG), hemoglobin Alc(Hb Alc), triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC), high-density lipoprotein(HDL) and low density lipoprotein(LDL), as well as their 95% confidence interval(CIs) were calculated to evaluate the effect of Qigong on patients with T2 DM by Rev Man 5.2 and Stata 11.0 software.RESULTS: Totally 834 cases of T2 DM from 11 studies were included in this review. The pooled SMDs with its 95% CIs of FBG, 2 h PG, Hb Alc, TG,TC, HDL and LDL were-0.70(-0.93,-0.47),-0.66(-1.11,-0.21),-0.73(-0.96,-0.50),-1.05(-1.67,-0.43),-0.42(-1.12, 0.28), 0.69(0.19, 1.19), and-0.26(-0.69, 0.18), respectively.The pooled data showed significantly difference between Qigong and the levels of FBG, 2 h PG, Hb A1 c,TG, and HDL in patients with T2 DM(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Combining with conventional medical treatment, Qigong exercise might have significant effect on T2 DM in Chinese patients.

This study aimed to comprehensively assess the effects of exercise on cardiopulmonary function indices in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). A literature review was performed by searching literatures in PubMed and Embase before June 2016. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by data extraction and a quality assessment of the included studies using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. Correlations between exercise and cardiopulmonary function indices [pulse wave velocity, respiratory exchange ratio, and peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 peak)] were then evaluated using mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. All meta-analyses were conducted using R 3.12 software. Finally, five eligible studies involving 179 CKD patients were included. After intervention, a heterogeneity test showed that the VO 2 peak values of the treatment group were greater than those of the control group, whereas no significant differences were found for the other indices. However, a sensitivity analysis showed inconsistent results both before and after intervention. Thus, we concluded that exercise might play an important role in improving the VO 2 peak values in CKD patients. Additional studies are needed to verify this conclusion.

We aimed to use the pairwise and network meta-analysis to estimate the effects of different meditation exercises on the control of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from PubMed and Embase up to June 2016, which are published in English and reported on meditation exercise for hypertensive patients. Risks of bias assessment of the included studies were assessed by Cochrane Collaboration Recommendations and network meta-analysis was performed by ADDIS. Mean difference (MD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as the effect size. A number of 19 RCTs were included in this study. Results of pairwise comparisons indicated that meditation exercise could significantly decrease the SBP and DBP, compared with other interventions (MD = -7.10, 95% CI: -10.82 to -3.39; MD = -4.02, 95% CI: -6.12 to -1.92). With good consistence and convergence, network meta-analysis showed that there were no significant differences between meditation and other interventions on SBP. For DBP, Qigong was significantly lower than "no intervention" (MD = -11.73, 95% CI: -19.85 to -3.69). Qigong may be the optimal exercise way in lowering SBP and DBP of hypertensive patients, but a detailed long-term clinical research should be needed in the future.

Objective To test the Chinese version of the SCI Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (C-ESES) in stroke patients and evaluate its validity and reliability. Background Physical inactivity is a well established and changeable risk factor for stroke, and regular exercise of 3–7 days per week is essential for stroke survivors and the general population. Though regular exercise is beneficial, it has been proved that duration, frequency, and intensity of exercise are generally low in stroke survivors. Methods The performance of the instrument was assessed in 350 Chinese stroke survivors and repeated in 50 patients to examine test–retest reliability. Questionnaires included a form on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, C-ESES, and the Chinese version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale. The AMOS 20.0 and SPSS 17.0 were chosen to evaluate their validity and reliability. Results Even though 350 participants answered the questionnaires in the present study, useful data were obtained from 321 participants (response rate: 91.71%). Correlation between item and the total scale score (Item–Total Correlation) ranged from 0.551 to 0.718, indicating that no item needed to be omitted; two factors, with factor loading 0.620 and 0.806, were obtained from an exploratory principal components analysis, assuming 59.745% of the total variance. The two factors were named internal motivation and external motivation. A confirmatory factor analysis supported the results with a suitable model (χ5=291.157; df=185; P<0.001; root mean square error of approximation =0.044; goodness-of-fit index =0.938; adjusted goodness-of-fit index =0.914; comparative fit index =0.858). The C-ESES correlated well with the validated General Self-Efficacy Scale (r=0.827, P<0.01). Good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.757 to 0.879) and test–retest reliability (r=0.750, P<0.01) were obtained. Conclusion The C-ESES is a short, easy to understand, and psychometrically sound measurement to evaluate exercise self-efficacy in Chinese-speaking stroke survivors.

This study aims to: 1) describe the effects of cooperative learning (CL ) on achievement motivation of female college students, and 2) compare the difference in the achievement motivation between the female college students learning through cooperative learning and those learning through the traditional learning pattern. In this study , an intervention program was devised as part of a new learning style to encourage the performance of physical education and achievement motivation in which students (mean age =21.2years, N= 67) were invited to participate as part of physical classes. The questionnaire were completed as pre-test at the beginning of the intervention for overall the treated and control groups and as post-tests at the end of week twelve. T test measures were used to examine whether there were significant differences of achievement motivation within the two groups. The results showed that the cooperative learning classes to improve the achievement motivation among the female college students.