In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on the utilization of copper-arsenic ore. In this paper, the flotation behavior of arsenic and copper minerals from Peru copper ore was investigated. The results obtained from the flotation tests indicate that the grinding fineness and the lime dosage have significant effects on the flotation of copper and arsenic. With the increase in the lime dosage in the rougher flotation, Cu recovery of rougher concentrates rises slightly, while the recovery of As has a tendency to decline. However, the large amount of lime used leads to a decrease in the Cu and As grade. With an increasing proportion of particles of a particle size less than 0.074 mm in the slurry, the recovery of Cu and As increases correspondingly. The optimum process operating parameters were established as follows: MT-20 as the collector, a grinding size of 60% particles less than 0.074 mm, the lime dosage in the rougher flotation is 2000 g/t with pH at around 9.0, and AH-2 as a highly effective depressant in concentration. With the employment of this technique, a copper concentrate with a Cu grade of 26.55% and recovery of 88.09% was obtained. Meanwhile, the As grade of this concentrate is only 0.35%, and its recovery is 40.67%. It can be seen that a promising recovery technology for Northern Peru copper ore was obtained by this work.

The flotation separation is the general method to recover molybdenite from a concentration containing molybdenite and bismuthinite, although the whole circuit could be long and complicated. In this paper, a novel selective electro-oxidation of molybdenite process has been introduced and systematically investigated for bismuthinite purification. It was found that Mo could be selectively separated by the electro-oxidation method under the conditions of pH not less than 9.0 and the applied potential at between 3.0V and 4.0V, by this circumstance Bi was hard to extract. The effects of NaCl concentration, liquid/solid ratio and stirring speed on electro-oxidation leaching were investigated. Optimum leaching conditions were found as follows: operated at room temperature, leaching time=2.5h, NaCl concentration=4mol/L, pH=9–10, applied potential=3.4V, liquid/solid ratio=30mL/g, stirring speed=400rpm. Under these conditions, Mo extraction yield was obtained at 98.4% and 99.3% of Bi remained in the residue. The chlorine evolution reaction at the anode which was effected by leaching pH was studied by linear scan voltammetry. Mechanism of electro-oxidation leaching of Mo was studied by cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, the mass transfer of Mo from leachate to organic phase was introduced, and the two phase transfer could obtain as high as 99.6%.

In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on the utilization of lowgrade nickel laterite ore. In this study, the technology for efficient utilization of nickel laterite ore was investigated. The results indicate that the experimental sample is a kind of strong acidic ferric oxide ore containing nickel, which tends to appear as a complex with argillaceous mineral. The results indicate that the ultrasonic field has a significant effect on the leaching rates of nickel and iron.Optimum leaching conditions were found as follows: size of mineral particles: 95% less than 0.074 mm; leaching temperature: 80 C; concentration of sulfuric acid: 190 g/L; liquid-solid ratio: 5:1; leaching time: 2 h; stirring speed: 400 rpm. Under these conditions, the leaching rates of nickel and iron reach 98.35% and 91.28% with the ultrasonic field exertion working 4 min every 5 min. In contrast, the leaching rates of nickel and iron are 78.84% and 80.26% after 2 h without the ultrasonic field. A product with Fe grade of 63.56% could be obtained by precipitation and roasting, the total recovery of nickel and iron reaching 95.62% and 86.50%, respectively. The reasonable recovery technology of nickel laterite ore containing a high content of limonite minerals was determined by this work.

The technology of Zn extraction from sphalerite concentrate by using electro-oxidation in weak alkaline sodium chloride solution has been investigated in this paper. The effects of several parameters on Zn recovery during the electro-oxidation have been investigated, and the optimized conditions are listed as follows : pH in the range of 8.5–8.8, NaCl concentration=3mol/L, reaction time=1h, solid–liquid ratio≥0.03g/ml, anodic current density=1342A/m2, stirring speed=800rpm. Under these experimental conditions, sphalerite concentrate can be oxidized efficiently. Furthermore, the electro-oxidation mechanism of sphalerite in weak alkaline NaCl solution has been studied. It was found that the elemental sulfur and the SO42− were the major existing forms of S from sphalerite and Zn would precipitate in the form of Na2Zn3(CO3)4 in the case where Na2CO3 served as electrolyte pH regulator. To prevent SO42− from accumulating in the electrolyte and precipitate Zn as Zn(OH)2 instead of Na2Zn3(CO3)4, Na2CO3 was replaced by Ca(OH)2 to stabilize the pH of electrolyte, and the effect of the addition of Ca(OH)2 on Zn recovery was investigated.

In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on the hydrometallurgical processing of molybdenite, with the decline of high-grade and easily handled molybdenum minerals. In this work, a novel method of selective extraction of complex molybdenite concentrate, which is characteristic of high-grade copper ore, has been investigated. The results show that the leaching of chalcopyrite was impacted by the pH of the electrolyte when sodium carbonate and ammonium acid carbonate were added to the electrolyte. The leaching rate of molybdenum reached 99.39%, but chalcopyrite could not be leached at all in 240 min under experimental conditions of liquid-to-solid ratio 25:1, concentration of NaCl 4 mol/L, pH=9, room temperature and agitation speed 400 rpm. The grade of copper in the residue was 21.84%, with a recovery 99.93%. The technology of selective electro-oxidation leaching of molybdenum and recovery of copper from complex molybdenite concentrate is an effective separation method. The diffusion control model can be used to describe the process of leaching of molybdenum. The activation energy of the leaching reaction was found to be approximately 9.21 kJ/mol.

Objective To investigate HPV infection rate,subtype distribution and HPV infection status in different ages among gynecological patients,and to provide the basic data for the prevention and control of HPV infection. Methods Cervical tissue specimens from 9,266 gynecological outpatients in Xiangtan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from October 2009 to July 2011 were examined with flow-through hybridization and gene chip technique(cape medical system) to determine the 21 HPV genotypes.Excel 2007 and SPSS17.0 software were used to establish database and analyze the data.The Chi-square test was used in the comparison of the HPV infection rates among different age groups. Results Of the 9,266 specimens,HPV was detected in 1,952 specimens,with a positive rate of 21.07%(1,952/9,334).The high-risk HPV infection rate was 18.55% (1,719/9,266),the low-risk HPV infection was 2.51%(233/9,266),single subtype infection rate was 15.55%(1,441/9,266),and the infection rate of multiple subtypes was 5.51%(511/9,266).Of all the subtypes in this study,HPV52,HPV16,and HPV58 ranked the top three HPV infection and with the single and double infection primarily,with the constituent ratio of the single and multiple infection,the patients infected high risk subtypes were statistically significant different from those infected with low-risk subtypes(χ2=68.37,P0.01).The difference was statistically significant in the HPV infection rate among different ages(χ2=28.27,P0.01).The constituent ratio of the HPV infections from different age groups was significantly different in the distribution of the high-risk and low-risk HPV subtypes(χ2=32.87,P0.01) and the HPV single and complex infection (χ2=48.49,P0.01).The single and high-risk HPV infection was the main infection in different age groups.In the age group of less than 25 years and more than 50 years,the constituent ratios of the high-risk and low-risk co-infection were higher than other groups. Conclusions HPV infection rate of gynecological outpatients in Xiangtan Maternal and Child Health Hospital was at high level.The most common HPV infection subtypes were HPV52,HPV16,and HPV58.The HPV infection varied in different age groups,and increased with the age increasing.The distribution of high-risk and low-risk HPV infection as well as the single and complex infection was different among various ages.In the age groups of less than 25 years and more than 50 years,the constituent ratios of the high-risk and low-risk co-infection were higher than those of infection patients aged 25～50 years.

OBJECTIVE To explore the role of runt-related transcription factor 3(RUNX3) in the tumorgenesis and progression of cervical carcinoma. METHODS The immunohistochemical staining technique was used to detect the expression of RUNX3 protein in 25 cases of normal cervix, 34 intraepithelia neoplasia (CIN), and 48 cervical carcinomas. SYBR Green I chimeric fluorescence Real-time PCR was applied to detect the expression of RUNX3 mRNA in 10 cases of normal cervix, 24 CIN, and 30 cervical carcinomas. RESULTS The expressions of RUNX3 protein and mRNA in normal cervix, CINI,CINII-III, and cervical carcinoma tissues tended to be down-regulated. There was significant difference among these groups (P<0.05). The expressions of RUNX3 protein and mRNA in the cervical carcinoma tissues were correlated with the histological differentiation, clinical stage, and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05), but had no relationship with the age, high-risk human papillomavirus infection, and histological classification (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION RUNX3 may function as a tumor suppressor gene in the occurrence and progression of cervical carcinoma.

【Objective】 To learn the HPV infection rate,subtype distribution and HPV infection status in different age among gynecological clinic patients,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HPV infection.【Methods】 Cervical tissue specimens from 11 461 gynecological clinic patients were examined with Flow-through Hybridization and gene chip technique(cape medical system) to determine the 21 HPV genotypes.Making use of the Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0 software to establish database and analyze data,the Chi-square test was used in the comparison of the HPV infection rate between different age groups.【Results】 ① Of the 11 461 specimens,HPV was detected in 5 096 specimens with a positive rate of 44.45%(5096/11461),the high-risk HPV infection rate was 40.54%(4646/11461),the low-risk HPV infection was 4.26%(488/11461),single subtype infection rate was30.89%(3540/11461),and complex subtypes infection rate was 14.00%(1604/11461).② Of all the subtypes in this study,HPV16 was highest infection rate of subtype(15.55%),and with the single and double infection primarily.③ The difference was significant in the HPV infection rate between different ages(χ2=77.03,P <0.01).Along with the increasing age,HPV infection rates increase gradually(χ2=76.67,P <0.01),the constituent ratio of the HPV infections from different age group was significant different on the distribution of the high-risk and low-risk HPV subtypes(χ2=121.70,P <0.01),and the HPV single and complex infection(χ2=121.70,P <0.01).the single and high-risk HPV infection was the main infection in different age groups.In the age group of less than 30 years and more than 60 years,the constituent ratio of the high-risk and low-risk co-infection is higher than other groups.【Conclusion】 HPV infection rates in our hospital gynecological clinic was at high level,the highest subtype in the HPV infection rate was the HPV16.The HPV infection varied in different age groups,and increased with the age increasing.The distribution of high-risk and low-risk HPV infection as well as the single and complex infection was different between various ages.In the age group of less than 30 years and more than 60 years,the constituent ratio of the high-risk and low-risk co-infection is higher than 30～60 years old infection.

【Objective】 To understand and evaluate the disinfection effect of Granular Oxygen-containing Cleaner for Household.【Methods】 Suspension quantitative method,field simulation experiment,field experiment and stability experiment were used to carry out experimental studies.Sterilization rate was used to evaluate the disinfection effect.【Results】 Suspension quantitative method showed 1.00% Granular Oxygen-containing cleaner for household could kill 100.00% staphylococcus aureus in 10 mins and pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5 min.The sterilization ability was stronger along with higher temperature,pH value and density.Organic had no effect on 1.00% Granular Oxygen-containing cleaner for household.Field simulation experiment showed 1.00% Granular Oxygen-containing cleaner for household could kill 100.00% staphylococcus aureus on the tabletop in 15 min,while 0.50% Granular Oxygen-containing cleaner for household could kill 100.00% pseudomonas aeruginosa on the tabletop in 10 min.1.00% Granular Oxygen-containing cleaner for household was daubed on chair,refrigeratory clapboard,tabletop for 10 mins,the average sterilization rate were 99.86%,99.49%,99.55%,respectively.Granular Oxygen-containing cleaner for household was put in 54℃ ncubator for 14 d the reduction rate of the effective constituent was 4.12%.【Conclusion】 The performance of ganular Oxygen-containing cleaner for household is steady.Granular Oxygen-containing cleaner for household has a good sterilizing effect on saphylococcus aureus,peudomonas aeruginosa and natural bacteria.It can be used for disinfection of tabletop,hair and refrigeratory clapboard.