Red upconversion luminescence materials have attracted considerable attention for applications in deep-tissue bioimaging, display, and advanced sensing. However, tuning methods for red emission typically enhance non-radiation relaxation, resulting in weak luminescence. Herein, the red color purity and overall luminescence intensity of the acceptor-doped Sr2ErNbO6 (SENO) micropowder are simultaneously enhanced by introducing the energy-trapping center of Tm3+/Ho3+.Intense red emission is achieved in Tm3+/Ho3+-codoped SENO under 980 nm excitation, showing approximately 5.3-fold and 12.3-fold improvements in the red-to-green emission ratio (IR/IG) compared to Er3+-only samples, respectively. Meanwhile, this codoping strategy significantly enhances the overall emission intensity by up to 6.8-fold and 19.1-fold for Tm3+- and Ho3+-codoped samples, respectively. The remarkable enhancements in red light color purity and emission intensity can be ascribed to the effective modulation of energy transfer pathways and confinement of excitation energy by the 3H5/3F4 (Tm3+) and 5I6/5I8 (Ho3+) states. Moreover, the promising optical temperature sensing properties of red-emitting SENO6:Ho3+ and SENO6:Tm3+ phosphors are evaluated using the fluorescence intensity ratio technique based on thermally coupled energy levels (2H11/2/4S3/2) and non-thermally coupled energy levels (4F9/2/2H11/2). The maximum absolute sensitivity and relative sensitivity are found to reach 2.04 K_ 1 at 303 K and 1.65 & times; 10_2 K_ 1 at 723 K, respectively, indicating their application value in optical temperature measurement. This research provides a facile approach for enhancing both red light component and emission intensity, as well as a new candidate material for optical thermometry.

Red-emitting phosphors play a key role in optimizing the comprehensive performance of phosphor-converted white-light-emitting diodes (WLED). Here, a series of Eu3+-activated hexagonal Gd2O2CO3 phosphors with highly efficient red emission were synthesized by a novel low-temperature strategy that combines homogeneous precipitation with the molten salt shielding process. The hexagonal Gd2O2CO3 host features a unique layered structure that can suppress the concentration quenching of Eu3+ ions by reducing the negative migration of excitation energy. By simply adjusting the doping concentration of Eu3+, efficient ultraviolet and blue light excitation was successfully achieved, enabling the phosphor to be excited by commercial GaN and In1-xGaxN LED chips. Under excitation at 274 nm, 395 nm, and 467 nm, the red integrated intensities of the Gd2O2CO3: 14%Eu3+ sample are 105%, 138%, and 150% of those of commercial Y2O3: Eu3+ phosphors, respectively. Furthermore, temperature-dependent emission spectra reveal that the Gd2O2CO3: 14%Eu3+ sample possesses excellent thermal stability, characterized by retaining 76.9%, 68.3%, and 85.3% of its room-temperature luminescence intensity at 423 K when excited by 274 nm, 395 nm, and 467 nm, respectively. Within the temperature range of 303-453 K, the phosphor maintains high color purity (over 95%) and low color temperature (1646.3-2000.3 K). These results highlight Eu3+-activated hexagonal Gd2O2CO3 as a promising red-emitting phosphor for application in ultraviolet- and blue-pumped WLED.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are complex and dynamic organelles and are involved in a variety of biological processes. Notably, some severe diseases are usually initiated by aberrant alterations of LDs. Consequently, the development of reliable methods is essential for elucidating the biological functions of LDs. In this study, an ICT-based naphthalimide fluorescent probe NA-LD was elaborately designed and synthesized for high-contrast and specific imaging of LDs. NA-LD was constituted of 1-ethynyl-4-methoxybenzene (the electron-donor group), diamide (the electron-acceptor group) and 2-ethylpyridine (balancing the lipophilicity and hydrophilicity). A series of analyses demonstrated that NA-LD exhibited high lipophilicity (clogP = 5.8), a large Stokes shift (Δλmax = 201 nm) and excellent biocompatibility. Additionally, NA-LD showed a sensitive fluorescent response to polarity in a linear range from Δf = 0.228 to 0.301, and the fluorescence intensity of NA-LD in low polarity media was 101-fold stronger than that in high polarity media. Furthermore, the specific, high-contrast and dynamic imaging of LDs was successfully achieved, and the obvious difference in LDs between cancer cells and normal cells was observed. All these features render NA-LD a practical tool for deciphering the mechanism of LD-related diseases.

A novel Yb3+/Er3+ doped Gd3GaO6 phosphor is designed to enable dynamic color tunability and thermally enhanced upconversion luminescence (UCL). We systematically investigate the UCL properties of these phosphors under near-infrared irradiation and demonstrates their potential for temperature sensing. Yb3+ codoping enables electron-selective and preferential population of specific excited states of Er3+ ions in Gd3GaO6, thereby achieving broad-spectrum multi-color emission spanning green to red wavelength under both 980 nm and 1550 nm excitation. Selective thermal enhancement of UCL is observed in Gd3GaO6:Er3+/Yb3+ phosphors, which is attributed to phonon-assisted energy transfer mechanisms. The UCL intensity of the 2H11/2 -> 4I15/2 radiative transition is enhanced by 5.9-fold under 980 nm excitation and 1.8-fold under 1550 nm excitation at elevated temperature, relative to the initial intensity at 303 K. Leveraging the fluorescence intensity ratio technique, the optical thermometric properties of Er3+/Yb3+ doped Gd3GaO6 are evaluated based on thermally coupled energy levels (2H11/2 and 4S3/2) of Er3+ ions. The optimized-emission Gd3GaO6:Er3+,Yb3+ phosphor shows a maximum relative sensitivity of 1.13% K-1 at 303 K under 980 nm excitation and 1.12% K-1 under 1550 nm excitation. In addition, the material exhibits excellent stability with repeatability exceeding 99% during prolonged thermal cycling, ensuring reliable operation. These findings indicate that Gd3GaO6:Er3+/Yb3+ can serve as a novel UCL material for tunable emission and promising temperature sensing, highlighting potential applications in advanced displays and non-contact optical thermometry.

Blue-light-excitable single-phase phosphors with broadband visible emission are essential for high-quality phosphor-converted white LEDs (pc-WLEDs). Here we report a NaLaS2:Bi3+ phosphor that exhibits broadband visible emission spanning 500-750 nm, enabling full-visible-spectrum WLEDs when combined with a blue LED chip. Compared with NaLaS2, Bi3+-doped NaLaS2 shows an additional absorption peak extending up to 520 nm, attributed to the allowed S2- -> Bi3+ charge transfer (CT) transition. Through this CT sensitization route, the NaLaS2:Bi3+ phosphor exhibits a broadband emission centered at 570 nm, arising from the Bi3+ 3P1 -> 1S0 transition. This broad and red-shifted emission results from a pronounced nephelauxetic effect and an enhanced crystal field around the Bi3+ activators in the NaLaS2 host. Furthermore, time-resolved luminescence measurements indicate that the broadband emission in the NaLaS2 matrix originates from the site-selective occupation behavior of Bi3+ ions. Based on this single-phase NaLaS2:Bi3+ phosphor, a full-spectrum pc-WLED was fabricated by coupling a 450 nm blue LED, achieving a high color-rendering index of 87.36 and a low correlated color temperature of 5171 K. This superior performance arises from the effective compensation of spectral gaps in the cyan and red regions. Furthermore, NaLaS2:Bi3+,Yb3+ enables simultaneous visible (570 nm) and near-infrared (990 nm) emissions, indicating its potential for multifunctional lighting.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO-), a reactive nitrogen species with potent oxidative capacity, induces cell death through chemical modifications of biomolecules including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, while being implicated in the occurrence of diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and cancer. The development of precise monitoring tools is therefore critical for elucidating its pathophysiological mechanisms. Given the mitochondrial predominance in ONOO- biosynthesis, we engineered Mito-NAP-ONOO, a mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe featuring (4-methoxyphenylthiophenyl)carbonyl as the recognition moiety, pyridine for mitochondrial localization and naphthalimide as the fluorogenic core. The electron-deficient thiocarbonate group suppresses intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), maintaining the probe in a quenched state. Upon ONOO- interaction, cleavage of the thiocarbonate moiety restores ICT-mediated fluorescence (quantum yield enhancement: Φ = 1.39% to 28.8%). Comprehensive photophysical characterization revealed exceptional selectivity, submicromolar sensitivity (LOD = 722 nM), robust photostability, and broad pH tolerance. Live-cell imaging demonstrated precise mitochondrial localization (Pearson's coefficient = 0.86) and dynamic ONOO- detection during exogenous/endogenous stimulation. This innovative probe design establishes a valuable platform for investigating mitochondrial ONOO- dynamics in pathophysiological contexts.

Hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) comprising a battery-type electrode and a capacitor-type electrode have attracted significant attention because of their outstanding energy and power densities. However, copper metal, which possesses high conductivity, suitable electrode potential, and high theoretical capacity, has not yet been utilized as an electrode material in HSCs. Herein, we present a novel dendrite-free copper-ion HSC that utilizes activated carbon (AC) as the cathode, copper metal as the anode, and an acidic CuSO4 aqueous solution as the electrolyte. The electrochemical mechanism of this copper-ion HSC is based on the adsorption/desorption of SO42- ions at the AC/electrolyte interface, along with the deposition/dissolution of copper on the anode. The electrochemical analyses indicate that the reversibility, stability, and kinetics of the copper deposition/dissolution reaction are significantly improved when using an acidic CuSO4 electrolyte. However, in the mild CuSO4 electrolyte, copper preferentially deposits along the (220) lattice plane, leading to dendrite formation. Consequently, the AC||acidic CuSO4||Cu HSC exhibits superior electrochemical performance compared to the AC||mild CuSO4||Cu HSC, including a high capacity of 61.7 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1, a high power density of 2367 W kg-1 at 10 A g-1, and a high capacity retention of 80 % after 20000 cycles.

Aqueous copper metal batteries have garnered significant attention due to their high reliability and low cost. However, the high electrode potential of the copper metal anode, combined with strong interactions between copper ions and the cathode material, results in low energy density and limited cycle life for these batteries. In this work, a structure-adaptive cobalt-based Prussian blue analog (Co-PBA) cathode and an acidic CuSO4 electrolyte are utilized to enhance the performance of ACMBs. Adding H2SO4 into the CuSO4 electrolyte can significantly improve the kinetics and reversibility of Cu deposition and dissolution while preventing the formation of Cu dendrites. Physicochemical and electrochemical characterizations of the cathode indicate that the active material undergoes a self-adaptive structural transformation from Co-PBA to a Cu-substituted Co-PBA (CuCo-PBA) when immersed in a CuSO4-containing electrolyte. The in situ-formed CuCo-PBA shows increased operating voltage, enhanced structural stability, and improved Cu-ion diffusion kinetics. Consequently, the Cu||acidic CuSO4||Co-PBA battery demonstrates outstanding electrochemical performance, including a high capacity of 86.2 mAhg-1 at 200 mA g-1, excellent cycling stability of up to 10 000 cycles with a capacity retention of 69.3%, and a remarkable power density of 4513 W kg-1 at 10 A g-1, showing promising potential as a next-generation energy storage solution.

Aqueous aluminum metal batteries have attracted plenty of attention due to their high safety and low cost. Still, their low energy density and poor cycling stability are the biggest stumbling block to practical application. In this study, a high-performance cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoFe(CN)6) cathode is developed, and a hybrid aqueous solution of Al(CF3SO3)3 containing triethyl phosphate (TEP) is employed as the electrolyte to improve the reversibility of the Al plating/striping reaction. The Al||CoFe(CN)6 batteries using the hybrid electrolyte exhibit much better cycling stability and superior rate capability than those using the pure aqueous electrolyte. The battery using the hybrid electrolyte with a 5:1 ratio of TEP to water shows the highest initial capacity of 66.6 mAh g- 1 at 50 mA g- 1 and a remaining capacity of 51.9 mAh g- 1 after 500 cycles. A high capacity of 39.7 mAh g- 1 is obtained when the current density is increased to 200 mA g- 1. However, the batteries using the pure aqueous electrolyte failed within about 30 cycles. Ex-situ XRD and XPS tests indicate that Al3+ ions tend to reversibly plate/strip along the (200) facet on the Al metal anode, and no structure change of the CoFe(CN)6 cathode occurs during cycling.

Thermally enhanced upconversion luminescence (UCL) materials have obvious advantages in the various fields of optical temperature sensing, anti-counterfeiting, and display. Here, we report a novel thermal enhancement UCL phosphor of Ca2Gd8Si6O26:Yb3+,Er3+ (CGSO:Yb3+,Er3+). Benefiting from the thermally enhanced phonon-assisted effect, anti-Stokes sideband excitation of Yb3+, energy transfer from Yb3+ to Er3+, and thermal population from selective energy levels of Er3+ are promoted with increasing temperature, which contributes to the thermal enhancement UCL of 4F7/2 -> 4I15/2, 2H11/2 -> 4I15/2, and 4I9/2 -> 4I15/2 radiation transitions of Er3+ ions. In addition, the rarely thermal enhancement of near infrared emission at 870 nm observed may be attributed to the Yb3+-induced effect. Furthermore, thermal quenching occurs for 4S3/2 -> 4I15/2 and 4F9/2 -> 4I15/2 transitions due to thermally enhanced multiphonon relaxation and thermal population. The combination of thermal enhancement and thermal quenching effect, the ratiometric optical thermometer is constructed in the wide temperature range 303-723 K by leveraging of the thermally coupled energy levels 2H11/2 and 4S3/2 of Er3+. This optical thermometer shows excellent temperature measurement performances with a maximum relative sensitivity of 1.1 x 10-2 K-1 at 303 K and high repeatability of 99 %. These findings indicate that CGSO:Yb3+,Er3+ phosphors with thermally enhanced UCL have great potential application for temperature sensing.

Vanadium hexacyanoferrate (VHCF) has shown great application potential as a cathode material for multivalent-ion batteries due to its low cost, ease of synthesis, and high capacity. However, its electrochemical performance and mechanism in aqueous copper metal batteries (ACMBs) have not been explored. Herein, a nanosized VHCF was used as the cathode material for ACMBs, and the effects of adding H2SO4 to the electrolyte on the battery's electrochemical properties were systematically investigated. The VHCF||CuSO4 + H2SO4||Cu battery exhibited higher energy density, power density, and cycling stability than the VHCF||CuSO4||Cu battery. Specifically, the discharge capacity could reach 81.6 mAh g-1 with an energy density of 55.6 Wh Kg-1 at 0.2 A g-1; the specific capacity remained at 48.7 mAh g-1 after 2000 cycles with a capacity retention ratio of 63.8 %; the power density could reach 4213 W Kg-1 at a current density of 5 A g-1. This enhancement can be attributed to enhanced proton-cooperated copper ion storage and reaction kinetics in the VHCF cathode, along with improved reversibility of the copper anode. This work can offer new ideas for the design of electrode materials and electrolytes for ACMBs.

Blue‐LED‐excitable Near‐infrared (NIR) phosphors doped with transition metal or rare‐earth ions hold great promise for next‐generation NIR light sources in phosphor‐converted LEDs (pc‐LEDs). However, current blue‐excitable NIR phosphors mainly rely on Cr 3+ ion absorption, which involves forbidden transitions with limited efficiency. Here an allowed charge‐transfer (CT) transition is proposed as a novel sensitization route for blue‐LED‐excitable NIR phosphors. The broad sensitization band arising from the S 2− →Yb 3+ CT in NaLaS 2 :Yb 3+ fully covers the entire blue wavelength region. Under 450 nm excitation, it exhibits intense NIR emission centered at 994 nm, with an internal quantum efficiency of 64%. This allows CT transition, with high absorption efficiency, leads to a notable external quantum efficiency of 45%. At 420 K, the emission intensity maintains 88.7% of that at room temperature. Coupled with a blue chip, a high‐performance NIR pc‐LED is fabricated with a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 15.5% and demonstrates its potential applications. These findings open new and efficient sensitization avenues for blue‐LED‐excitable phosphors.

The red and near-infrared (600-1100 nm) regions, known as biological "optical window" due to minimized tissue absorption and scattering, are vital for high-contrast deep-tissue imaging. Here, we report intense red (≈696 nm) and near-infrared (≈797 nm) emissions from NaLaS2:Yb3+,Tm3+ under 980 nm excitation, both falling within this window. In addition to its enhanced chemical stability compared with conventional NaYF4 host, the NaLaS2 lattice effectively suppresses the typical blue emissions of Tm3+ (1D₂ → 3F₄/1G₄ → 3H₆, 450-500 nm) due to the overlap between the 1D2/1G₄ states and the low-lying S2- → Yb3+ charge transfer state (CTS) with an absorption edge extending to 560 nm. As a result, the red emission at 696 nm (3F2,3 → 3H6) and the near-infrared emission at 797 nm (3H4 → 3H6) dominate the spectrum. Furthermore, the thermal sensing performance of the NaLaS₂:Yb3+, Tm3+ sample was evaluated over a wide temperature (303-573 K) using fluorescence intensity ratio of the 696 nm and 797 nm emissions. It exhibits a maximum absolute sensitivity (SA) of 0.122 K-1 and a high relative sensitivity (SR) of 0.896 % K-1, which is significantly higher than that of other Yb3+, Ln3+ co-doped samples. These results highlight NaLaS₂:Yb3+, Tm3+ as a promising multifunctional luminescent material for deep-tissue bioimaging and high-performance optical thermometry.

Accurate optical thermometry with thermally enhanced fluorescence is urgently desired for non-invasive and high sensitivity temperature determination in high temperature operating environment. Here we explore thermally enhanced upconversion luminescence (UCL) and thermal sensing properties of Er3+/Yb3+ doped CaGdGaO4 (CGGO) phosphors under near-infrared excitation. The UCL spectra exhibit multiple sharp peaks from 2H11/2, 4S3/2, and 4F9/2 levels of Er3+ ions, arising from the electronic transitions between crystal-field Stark sublevels. The emission color of samples is tuned from green to red successfully by introducing Yb3+ dopants and adjusting different excitation wavelengths. The UCL intensity is greatly enhanced with the increase of temperature, which benefits from the thermally enhanced phonon-assisted effect. By using the fluorescence intensity ratio technique, temperature sensing performances are evaluated based on thermally coupled energy levels (TCELs) involving Stark sublevels of Er3+ over a wide temperature range of 303-573 K. The maximum relative sensitivity of 2H11/2(1) and 4S3/2(2) levels reaches up to 1.55 % K-1 at 303 K, which is higher than that of the traditional TCELs of 2H11/2/4S3/2. The optical thermometer CGGO:Er3+,Yb3+ shows a high repeatability of 99 % and minimum temperature resolution of 0.28 K. Our findings demonstrate that CGGO:Yb3+,Er3+ phosphors with thermal enhancement UCL can be used as candidates for non-contact and high sensitivity optical thermometry.

In this study, we report the modulation of the emission color and optical temperature-sensing properties of Er3+ in Ba5Zn4Y8O21 crystals. Er3+ single-doped Ba5Zn4Y8O21 phosphors showed green emission under 980 nm excitation. When codoping with Yb3+ ions, the red emission component from the Er3+ ions increased significantly, and the sample emission turned orange. Yb3+-Er3+ codoped Ba5Zn4Y8O21 samples exhibited bright red emission with a maximum I-R/I-G value of 89.30 when excited with a longer wavelength, 1550 nm. A broad range of emission colors could be modulated by adjusting the dopant concentration. The possible modulation mechanisms and upconversion processes were analyzed based on the luminescence decay curves and power-dependent emission intensities. Furthermore, the optical temperature-sensing properties of Ba5Zn4Y8O21:Er3+ and Ba5Zn4Y8O21:Er3+, Yb3+ phosphors with thermal coupled energy levels (TCELs) and nonthermal coupled energy levels (N-TCELs) of Er3+ ions were investigated using fluorescence intensity ratio technique. Based on the TCELs (H-2(11/2)/S-4(3/2)), the Er3+ single-doped and Yb3+-Er3+ codoped Ba5Zn4Y8O21 phosphors present the similar optical thermometry behaviors under 980 and 1550 nm excitation. The highest absolute (S-a) and relative sensitivity (S-r) are 3.95 x 10(-3) K-1 at 573 K and 1.31% K-1 at 303 K, respectively. Based on N-TCELs (F-4(9/2)/H-2(11/2)), the temperature-sensing performance depends on the Yb3+ dopant and excitation wavelength. The highest values for S-a and S-r reached 5.46 K-1 at 303 K and 1.38% K-1 at 573 K for the Ba5Zn4Y8O21:Er3+, Yb3+ phosphor under 1550 nm excitation, respectively. In addition, the present phosphor exhibited high stability and repeatability over a wide temperature range. These results indicate that the multicolor modulation upconversion Ba5Zn4Y8O21-based phosphor can be considered a potential reusable optical thermometer for noncontact temperature detection.

Cathode materials with conversion mechanisms for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have shown a great potential as next-generation energy storage materials due to their high discharge capacity and high energy density. However, improving their cycling stability has been the biggest challenge plaguing researchers. In this study, CuO microspheres were prepared using a simple hydrothermal reaction, and the morphology and crystallinity of the samples were modulated by controlling the hydrothermal reaction time. The as-synthesized materials were used as cathode materials for AZIBs. The electrochemical experiments showed that the CuO-4h sample, undergoing a hydrothermal reaction for 4 h, had the longest lifecycle and the best rate of capability. A discharge capacity of 131.7 mAh g−1 was still available after 700 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g−1. At a high current density of 1.5 A g−1, the maintained capacity of the cell is 85.4 mA h g−1. The structural evolutions and valence changes in the CuO-4h cathode material were carefully explored by using ex situ XRD and ex situ XPS. CuO was reduced to Cu2O and Cu after the initial discharge, and Cu was oxidized to Cu2O instead of CuO during subsequent charging processes. We believe that these findings could introduce a novel approach to exploring high-performance cathode materials for AZIBs.

Mercury ion (Hg2+) is one of the most threatening substances to human health, and the mercury poisoning can damage physiological homeostasis severely in human, even cause death. Intriguingly, Sulfur dioxide (SO2), a gas signal molecule in human, can specifically interact with Hg2+ for relieving mercury poisoning. However, the dynamic interaction of Hg2+ with SO2 at the tempospatial level and the correlation between Hg2+ and SO2 in the pathological process of mercury poisoning are still elusive. Herein, we rationally designed a reversible and dual color fluorescent probe (CCS) for dynamically visualizing Hg2+ and SO2 and deciphering their interrelationship in mercury poisoning. CCS held good sensitivity, selectivity and reversibility to Hg2+ and SO2, that enabled CCS to specifically detect SO2 and Hg2+ via cyan fluorescence channel (centered around 485 nm) and red fluorescence channel (centered around 679 nm), respectively. Notably, the separate fluorescence signal changes of CCS realized the dynamic tracing of Hg2+ and SO2 in living cells, and presented the potential for exploring the correlation between SO2 and Hg2+ in mercury poisoning.

Quantification of microalgae cells is crucial for the treatment of ships' ballast water. However, achieving rapid detection of microalgae cells remains a substantial challenge. Here, we develop a new method...

A simple naphthalimide fluorophore NAP-H2O was designed and synthesized. Basic photophysical properties were investigated, especially found that the probe showed robust green fluorescence in water compared with that in various organic solvents, and the specific mechanism was conformed to be the aggregation induced emission (AIE) through dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, solid-state luminescence and fluorescence imaging. Accordingly, the capability of NAP-H2O for water sensing was examined, and good linear relationships between fluorescence intensities at the green emission band and the water content were obtained, enabling quantitative detection of water in organic solvents. The detection limits were calculated to be 0.004 % (v/v) in ACN, 0.117 % (v/v) in 1,4-dioxane, 0.028 % (v/v) in THF, 0.022 % (v/v) in DMF and 0.146 % (v/v) in DMSO, respectively. In addition, the probe presented fast response time within 5 s to water and good photostability. Furthermore, the probe was successfully applied for fast and naked-eye detection of water in organic solvents via test papers. This work provides a rapid, sensitive and naked-eye method for trace amount detection of water in organic solvents and has potential for practical applications.

Conventional photothermal therapy (PTT) usually relies on a macroscopic heat source to raise the temperature of tissues to 41-45 degrees C, which not only kills the pathological cells but causes severe side effects on nearby normal tissues, thus reducing the accuracy of PTT. Here we successfully fabricated nanocomposites of NaYF4:Yb3+, Tm3+@NaYF4:Yb3+@SiO2-SWCNTs, in which the upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) serve as real-time temperature-feedback moiety and the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) serve as efficient nano-heaters. The sample displays an excellent photothermal conversion capacity, i.e., the temperature of the aqueous dispersion increases from 23.3 degrees C up to 60.1 degrees C under 980 nm excitation due to the intense absorption and highly efficient heat generation of SWCNTs. Meanwhile, the temperature of the nanocomposites is monitored in real time based on the fluorescent intensity ratio of UCNPs. The in-vitro experiments demonstrate that the temperature of the nanocomposites at tissue injection of 1 mm can reach PTT temperature of 42.2 degrees C with a facile surrounding temperature of 36.2 degrees C under moderate laser power (980 nm, 2.0 W cm-2). These results provide a novel design for multifunctional nanocomposites that enable safe and controlled PTT.