Acta Medica ScandinavicaVolume 199, Issue 1-6 p. 1-5 Free Access How to Use Cytodiagnostic Spleen Puncture Nils Söderström, Nils Söderström Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.Search for more papers by this author Nils Söderström, Nils Söderström Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.Search for more papers by this author First published: January/December 1976 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1976.tb06683.xCitations: 42AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume199, Issue1-6January/December 1976Pages 1-5 RelatedInformation

Acta Medica ScandinavicaVolume 182, Issue 4 p. 419-425 Optic Atrophy and Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus with Familial Occurrence Gunne Rorsman, Gunne Rorsman the Department of Medicine (Head: N. Söderström, M. D.), University of Lund, Lund, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorNils Söderström, Nils Söderström the Department of Medicine (Head: N. Söderström, M. D.), University of Lund, Lund, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author Gunne Rorsman, Gunne Rorsman the Department of Medicine (Head: N. Söderström, M. D.), University of Lund, Lund, SwedenSearch for more papers by this authorNils Söderström, Nils Söderström the Department of Medicine (Head: N. Söderström, M. D.), University of Lund, Lund, SwedenSearch for more papers by this author First published: January/December 1967 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1967.tb10865.xCitations: 24AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume182, Issue4January/December 1967Pages 419-425 RelatedInformation

A patient exposed to thorotrast angiography developed sarcoidosis 21 years after the injection and myelofibrosis 13 years later. On the latter occasion an extreme deficiency in circulating lymphocytes forming rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (T-cells) was observed and a large fraction of the cells had chromosomal aberrations. Acute leukaemia developed 1 year later. The multiple clinical symptoms may be related to radiation-induced destruction of bone marrow tissue, mutations in haemopoietic cells and depression of cell-mediated immunity.

ABSTRACT. In specimens obtained by fine needle thyroid puncture it is possible to define cytologic criteria of toxic goiter. This cytologic picture is compound but the authors describe marginal vacuolization and nuclear ring patterns in follicular wall fragments as fairly specific signs of thyroid hyperfunction. Thyroid puncture is hardly a measure of choice in the routine clinical evaluation of hyperthyrosis but some case histories demonstrate that due attention to the cytologic picture of toxic goiter is profitable also when the puncture was made with quite other indications.

The locomotive behaviour of human lymphocytes in coverslip preparations of clotted autoplasma was studied at +37 degrees C. Lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood or from the tonsils did not move prior to membrane activation by means of incubation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). After PHA stimulation the locomotion of 19 lymphocytes was analysed by time-lapse fliming. The locomotion was random, as evidenced by a median locomotive index of 0.64 (Q1-Q3 0.04-0.75) and comparatively slow, median velocity 15 mum/min (Q1-Q3 12-18). The locomotion of 5 other lymphocytes was studied at high magnification. It is suggested that the characteristic polarity of wandering lymphocytes, indicating the direction of movement, can be utilized in the analysis of the lymphocyte traffic in tissue sections of post-capillary high-endothelium venules.

Thin sections of lymph nodes from 14 rats were examined by phase contrast microscopy as regards direction of lymphoctes with amoeboid movement configuration (AMC) relative to the basement membrane of post-capillary high-endothelium venules (HE-cenules). Out of 118 lymphocytes with AMC, 82 appeared to be on theyr way into the venule from the lymph node parenchyma. This observation suggests that the lymphocyte traffic over the HE-venules is bi-directional, with the main migratory stream of lymphocytes from the lymph node parenchyma into the post-capillary venules.

Focal or diffuse infiltration of lymphoid cells in auto-immune thyroiditis destroys the parenchyma. In the diffuse form (Hashimoto's disease), the clinical picture is characterized by fatigue and thyroid enlargement. The diagnosis is settled by cytology. All patients must be treated with thyroid hormones to avoid myxoedema. Loss of immunological tolerance and cytotoxic immune reactions is discussed.

The direction of lymphocytes with amoeboid movement configuration (AMC) was evaluated by means of electron microscopy of ultrathin sections of post-capillary high-endothelium venules (HE-venules) from rat lymph nodes. Out of 104 lymphocytes, 68 lymphocytes appeared to be on their way towards the lumen of the HE-venule and 36 lymphocytes appeared to be moving away from the venular lumen at the moment of fixation. This difference, which was statistically significant (p=0.0024), is thought to reflect the relative size of the migration stream of lymphocytes at the moment of fixation.

Chromosome analyses using the Giemsa banding technique were performed on bone marrow cells in a patient with the association of Hodgkin's disease and acute myeloid leukaemia. All cells had an abnormal karyotype showing an extra chromosome No. 14, loss of one chromosome No. 17 and gain of one chromosome No. 18. These abnormalities are in many respects similar to the karyotype changes of lymphoid cells in malignant lymphomas, suggesting a pathogenetic relationship between the two disorders.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy has been evaluated as a diagnostic method for medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) in 18 patients with verified hereditary or sporadic MCT. The typical MCT cell was asymmetrical, sometimes triangular and often with a characteristic red granulation in May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining. Eccentrically positioned, multiple nuclei were common. Amyloid was seen both intra- and extracellularly, staining blue-grey or violet with May-Grünwald-Giemsa and with green birefringence in polarized light after staining with alkaline Congo. The method was simple and quick to perform, causing negligible discomfort to the patient. No complications were seen. An adequate bioptic yield was obtained in 15 patients. In 13 of them (87 percent), including one patient with a normal thyroid at clinical examination, a correct diagnosis was reached.

A moderate splenomegaly is present in most cases of PV, but only in a minority of these cases can a myeloid metaplasia be detected by spleen puncture. In our experience its presence signals that the transition to MF is on the way. In early stages of PV the cytology of spleen aspirates is usually not strikingly abnormal but often conspicuous yields of large platelet aggregates signal an increased sequestration of blood cells (and especially of platelets) as a possible explanation for the splenomegaly.

Haemophagocytic reticulosisA state of chimerism?Haemophagocytic reticulosis is characterized by pancytopenia and an increased mass of reticuloendothelial cells in various organs containing engulfed blood cells (see Buist, Jones, and Cavens, 1971; Oehmichen, Narita, and Roloff, 1972; Nezelof and Eliachar, 1973).The pathogenesis is obscure.Autoimmunity, primary histiocytic proliferation, and a graft versus host reaction have been suggested.A case diagnosed during life is described where cytological and immunological studies as well as experiments with erythrophagocytosis in vitro suggest an immune reaction rather than a neoplastic histiocytic proliferation as the pathogenetic mechanism. Case reportThe patient, a boy, was born of a cousin marriage. 3older sibs and the parents are all healthy.Pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal period were normal.There was no Rh-immunization during pregnancy.BCG vaccination was done at 5 days of age with a normal reaction.After that the child was apparently healthy.Smallpox vaccination was given at 10 weeks of age. 7days later the patient was admitted in a bad general condition.The liver and spleen were enlarged.Hb 4 3 g/100 ml, thrombocyte count 28,000, WBC 3500

The structural pattern of lymphoid tissue in lymphoid thyroiditis was analyzed by thin‐section histology in ten thyroidectomy specimens representing focal and massive thyroiditis. Special attention was devoted to the identification of high‐endo‐thelium postcapillary venules, which were found in eight cases, they were absent only in two of the ‘focal’ cases. These specific vessels were always found immediately outside secondary nodules (‘cortex’), in a narrow zone obviously analogous to the paracortical zone of lymph nodes Thyroiditic tissue thus presented a three‐zonal stratification similar to that seen in lymph nodes, with the medullary zone represented by the lymphoid invasion zone within still preserved thyroid parenchyma. It appeared still more akin, however, to the subepithelial zone of gut‐associated lymphoid tissue. A striking finding in all cases was the predominance of mature plasma cells among the lymphoid cells invading still preserved thyroid follicles

The prevalence of postcapillary venules with high endothelium cells (HE venules) in lymph nodes was studied in biopsy specimens from 18 cases of malignant lymphoma. HE venules were found to be absent in non-leukaemic lymphocytic and lymphoblastic lymphomas, usually absent but in some cases even abundant in chronic lymphatic leukaemia and finally present and often conspicuous in the specific tissue of Hodkin's disease (lymphocyte predominance, mixed cellularity and nodular sclerosis). In a discussion of the observation it is noted that it can still not be taken for granted that HE venules serve the immigration of recirculating lymphocytes to the lymphatic parenchyma and that the biology of these curious vessels remains to be settled.

Fine needle spleen aspirates from 18 cases of uncomplicated polycythaemia vera, 9 of which had splenomegaly, were scrutinized in retrospect. Only in one of these specimens were a few normoblasts and myelocytes found; in the remaining 17 cases no trace of myeloid metaplasia could be detected. The only conspicuous abnormality observed in this material was a very high number of platelets observed in most of the aspirates.