建立了顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱测定水中戊二醛的方法.设计5因素4水平完整的正交试验,通过极差分析获得顶空固相微萃取优化条件.10 mL,pH 1的水样加入6 g NaCl,经非极性PDMS,100 μm纤维头于75℃萃取25 min,210℃解析进样0.2 min.采用VF-5(60 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)色谱柱程序升温分离,选择多反应监测(MRM)模式采集质谱信息.以m/z 82/54为定量离子,以m/z 82/39为定性离子,外标法定量.结果 表明,戊二醛质量浓度在0.02～0.6 mg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数(r) ＞0.9996,方法检出限7μg/L,定量限20 μg/L.低(0.04 mg/L)、中(0.1 mg/L)、高(0.4 mg/L)3个水平加标回收率为87.4％ ～ 103.7％,相对标准偏差(RSD)＜6％.方法 适用于测定水中的戊二醛.

Background: Very low level waste (VLLW) landfill antiseepage layer is a key engineering measure to prevent the radioactive nuclides from entry into the surrounding environment.Purpose:This study aims to give an example of quickly evaluating the retardation capability of a VLLW antiseepage.Methods:The landfill soil's distribution coefficient (Kd), saturated permeability coefficient (Ks) and dispersion coefficient (D) were got by batch test and column migration test, and the concentration of nuclides through antiseepage layer was calculated with the advection dispersion equation.Results:The results showed that theKd of Co and Ni were 140.92 mL·g?1 and 380.43mL·g?1, respectively, and retardation factors (Rd) of Co and Ni were 859 and 2317, respectively, which means this soil has a very strong retardation capacity for Co and Ni. In addition, the breakthrough concentrations of Co and Ni by calculation under the normal circumstance were very low.Conclusion: So the antiseepage layer using this site soil can effectively ensure the environment safety.

激光技术因其绿色洁净、二次污染小、远距离传输等特性,在放射性污染表面去污中具有优势.近年来激光技术在涉核领域越来越引起人们的关注.主要综述了近年来国内外利用CO2激光器、Nd:YAG激光器、准分子激光器和二极管激光器在放射性污染表面去污中的研究进展和应用.随着激光器的进一步发展,激光技术在放射性污染去污领域将可能有更好的发展前景.

In order to develop a new method of measuring 6 3 Ni in concrete samples of reactor, these study were done,including the ways of dissolving the samples,drawing the elution curve,the measurement efficiency,recovery tests,decontamination experiments and blank tests.Samples were ground to 0.074 mm and were pretreated before liquid scintillation counting(LSC)by leaching with mixed acid (V (HNO3 )∶V (HClO4 )∶V (HF)=3 ∶2 ∶1), anion exchange,hydroxide precipitation,and solvent extraction.The chemical yield of this method is 73.05%,and the radiochemical yield of this method is 71.99%.The standard de-viation is 0.200/s and the relatively standard deviation is 12.8%(n=12).The detection limit of the method is 3.596 Bq/g.This method can be applied to the routine and emergency moni-toring for 6 3 Ni of the concrete materials in or not in the reactor.

To establish a method of measuring the activity of 63Ni in aluminium alloy samples in reactor,the chemical yield,the decontamination,the effect of Ni carrier on measuring efficiency and blank experiments were studied based on the previous confirmed pre-treatment of samples.The chemical yield of this method is beyond 70%.The decontamination factor is more than 102 for every impurity ion.The amount of the Ni carrier is 5 mg.The standard deviation is 6.29 and the relative standard deviation is 15.9%.The detection limit of the method is 1.38 Bq/g.The method has been applied to the retired samples of the reactor.

Aluminum cutting machine and angle grinder were applied to cut the non-sealed and the sealed tritium-contaminated metals.To evaluate the tritium releasing rates,the releasing activity in the cutting process and the left activity in the metals were measured.The experimental results show that for the non-sealed and the sealed tritium-contaminated metals,the releasing rates are ≤15% and ≤1.5% with aluminum cutting machine,and≤25% and ≤1.5% with angle grinder respectively.

To establish a method of measuring the radioactivity of 63Ni in aluminum alloy samples from nuclear reactor core,various relevant problems were studied.Samples were pretreated before liquid scintillation counting(LSC) by dissolution,anion exchange separation,hydroxide precipitation,and solvent extraction procedures.LSC-related parameters,such as sample solution acidity,sample solution-to-cocktail volume ratio,and added nickel carrier amount,were investigated.The detection efficiency of Tri-Carb 3110 liquid scintillation spectrometer with respect to 63Ni for a series of 63Ni standards of different activities are all better than 70%.The recommended experimental conditions are listed below: sample acidity 0.3 mol/L,sample-to-cocktail volume ratio 1∶2,Ni carrier amount 5 mg.The standard deviation of 0.077/s and the relative standard deviation of 15.3%(n=12) are found for blanks.The detection limit is 1.38 Bq/g.The present method is suitable to analyze samples for decommissioning of nuclear reactors.

Analysis of plutonium in urine is the primary method to calculate the irradiation dose of plutonium handlers.The chemical pre-treatment precedure for analysis of trace level plutonium in urine were inveitigated.The optimized conditions were follows as: acidity of 7-8 mol/mL,adsorption rate of 0.5-0.8 mL/min,desorption rate of 0.2-0.3 mL/min,desorption solution of 10 mL,pulse plating current of 0.5 A,current frequency of 2 000 Hz,duty ratio of 1∶2 and plating time of 2 h.The whole recovery of 66.0% for 238Pu of 4.23×10-3 Bq could be achieved with much less analysis time and 10%-15% higher recovery than the ordinary precedure.

In order to develop a method of measuring 63Ni in aluminium alloy samples in reactor,a pre-treating technique of aluminium alloy samples was established by contrasting the ways of dissolving the samples,as well as the different conditions of ion exchange and extraction. Chemical yield of this method is beyond 70%. Decontamination factor is beyond 103 to Co,103 to Cs and Sr,and 102 to Fe.

Operating parameters of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) were selected through parameter experiment.Matrix interference and spectrum interference were eliminated through matrix match and background correction.A method for simultaneous determination of Co and Ni in aluminium alloy by ICP-AES was established.The detection limit of the method was 1.2μg/L for Co and 3.00μg/L for Ni,the relative standard difference(RSD) was 0.32%for Co and 0.55%for Ni.The method recovery rate was 82.84%—103.4%for Co and 88.50%—109.0%for Ni.The method was facile,quick,low interferential,accurate and reliable.It could be applied to simultaneous determination of Co and Ni in aluminium alloy.

The impact of corrosion when adding HEDP to 1Cr18Ni9Ti in HNO3 cleaning system (10% HNO3,50 ℃) was studied by electrochemical testing,metallographic and electronic scanning probe observation. The results show that the pitting resistance ability is further improved when adding HEDP to 1Cr18Ni9Ti in HNO3 system,and HNO3 with HEDP's secondary passivation has a certain synergy. It helps the passive film of 1Cr18Ni9Ti in HNO3 system to be repaired after it is damaged.

A review was given on the progress of determination of radionuclide of ~(63)Ni in China and radionuclides of ~(55)Fe and ~(63)Ni in other countries(30 ref.cited).

The joint mission environment test capability ( JMETC ) is a live, virtual, and constructive (LVC) distributive testing system by using the test and training enabling architecture, TENA as their basic system structure, well-designed for supporting JMETC events. TENA provides necessary architecture and software capabilities to enable interoperability among range instrumentation systems, facilities, and simulations. TENA, successfully used in major field exercises and numerous distributed test events, promotes related test and training capability of DoD.

In the regular monitoring of water quality, poly-tube-zymolysis method cannot meet the demands of the short time and many specimens because takes much time.The new method of rapid detection was introduced, the concentration and species of GPBB(Gram-positive bacteria bacteriostat) were studied as well as concentration and color developing effect of chromogenic agent.The optimized concentration of GPBB and TTC(chromogenic agent) were obtained by the nutrient agar contrast experiment.The newly developed detection method is applied to detect the bacterium from Sichuan Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention.Result shows there is nearly no significant difference in statistic test for the results of the traditional poly-tube-zymolysis method and the newly developed detection method.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Sudan I-HS conjugates with the carrier protein for developing a new immune assay for Sudan I.METHODS:Sudan I was actived by succinic anhydride and converted into Sudan I hemisuccinate (Sudan I-HS) as the hapten, then Sudan I-HS was linked to carrier protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) as immunogen, and ovalbumin (OVA) as coating antigen all by the active ester method.RESULTS:The results of IR and HPLC-MS indicated that the hapten was synthesized successfully. The conjugation ratios of Sudan I-HS-BSA and Sudan I-HS-OVA confirmed by ultraviolet spectrum were 11 : 1 and 5 : 1, respectively.CONCLUSION:Antigens Sudan I-HS-BSA and Sudan I-HS-OVA were prepared successfully.

OBJECTIVE To study on rapied detection technique of aflatoxin B1. METHODS Carboxylated polystyrene latex particles(CPLP) were prepared by soap-free polymerization using styrene and alpha-methyl crylic acid. The CPLP were sensitized with aflatoxin B1 oxime-BSA for the detection of aflatoxin B1. RESULTS The minimum detect limits of sensitized latex were 5 ng/ml, CONCLUSION The sensitized latex could applied to detect qualitative and half-quantitative aflatoxin B1 in fieldwork. The technique maybe minim, simpleness, rapidness and specificity.

The development of the separation method from actinium and lanthanide in recent years is introduced.Membrane separation technique is developing very fast,which is mainly used in the separation of the low concentration waste liquid,and the extraction technique is becoming the method studied most because of its several obvious advantages.To develop a new kind of extraction reagent with low cost and good separation affectivities is the key research field at present.

"市管镇"体制是适应改革开放和经济发展需要出现的特殊行政体制,在全国的行政体制架构中占极少数,本文以中山市的规划管理实践为切入点,分析现行"市管镇"体制下城市规划管理存在的问题,结合中山市城市规划管理改革的经验,提出了"市管镇"体制下城市规划管理的对策和建议.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is commonly found in agricultural commodities, is one of the most potent carcinogenic mycotoxins. To ensure food safety, rapid and low-cost immunological methods have been applied to detect AFB1 worldwide. A key step in these immunological methods is coupling AFB1 to carrier proteins; AFB1 is usually deviated to AFB1-oxime and coupled to carrier proteins to form the AFB1-oxime–protein conjugate. In the current research, AFB1 was directly coupled with cationized bovine serum albumin (cBSA) using a method based on Mannich-type principles. The coupling effects were investigated with different initial molar ratios of AFB1 to cBSA. The conjugate molar ratio was 6.4:1 when the initial molar ratio was 40:1. The cationized proteins and their conjugates were identified by UV–Vis and FT-IR spectra, which showed the characteristic bands of the ethylendiamine group and AFB1, respectively. After BALB/c mice were immunized with AFB1–cBSA, a quicker immunological response and a similar sensitivity of antisera against AFB1 were observed, compared with immunization by AFB1-oxime–BSA. This suggests that the Mannich-type reaction might be an alternative method of preparation for AFB1–protein.

Areceptor modeling of chemical mass balance(CMB) was used for the identification of the source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in atmospheric aerosols of Anyang city.The concentration of PAHs in the inhalable particles(PM_(10) = 10 μm) in winter was compared with the concentration in summer.According to the monitoring result of the air pollution sources,the main PAHs sources of Anyang were located,and the corresponding source composition table was set up too.The CMB receptor model was used for analyzing the main sharing rate source of PAHs in inhalable particles of Anyang city.This analysis result has some reference to other similar cities in North China.