Abstract Purpose To analyze the correlation between the onset of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) and viral infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV), as well as ocular surface colonized pathogenic microorganisms. Methods Three patients who were clinically diagnosed with OSSN and underwent ocular surface tumor resection combined with amniotic membrane transplantation from March 1, 2023 to June 1, 2023 were selected as the study group. Specimens were collected during surgery for pathological examination and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of pathogenic microorganisms. Another three patients diagnosed as corneal leukoplakia who were tested negative for viruses by mNGS after penetrating keratoplasty during the same period were selected as the control group. Results Among the 3 OSSN patients, 1 was male and 2 were female, with an average age of 71.3 ± 4.0 (69–76) years. The OSSN in all 3 cases invaded both the cornea and conjunctiva. In this group, mNGS suggested no detection of viral pathogens in the specimens. However, suspected colonized bacteria were detected in the 2 cases of corneal and conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN): Propionibacterium acnes, Moraxella osloensis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Prevotella melaninogenica, and in the 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva and cornea (SCC): Propionibacterium acnes. Among the 3 cases of corneal leukoplakia in the control group, mNGS indicated no viral pathogens, but detected suspected colonized bacteria of Propionibacterium acnes, Lactobacillus inerta, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus cohnii, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Conclusion The occurrence of OSSN of the patients in this paper was not related to HPV infection. Nevertheless, the increased presence of colonized bacteria of Moraxella osloensis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Prevotella melaninogenic, as well as the decreased presence of Lactobacillus inerta, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus cohnii, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli may be the high-risk factors for OSSN.

Background: Glaucoma is an optic neuropathic disease and contributed to the irreversible blindness caused by the slow death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) was reported to be aberrantly expressed in diverse diseases, including glaucoma. However, the mechanism of MALAT1 in glaucoma was still undefined.Methods: The levels of MALAT1, microRNA-149-5p (miR-149-5p) in RGCs cultured under elevated pressure were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The putative target of MALAT1 was predicted by starBase v2.0 online database, and dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA pull-down assay were performed to verify this interaction. The cell viability of RGCs was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The apoptotic rate was evaluated via flow cytometry. The protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)) and Cleaved caspase 3 were assessed by Western blot.Results: The level of MALAT1 was significantly down-regulated, and the level of miR-149-5p was distinctly up-regulated in RGCs under pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Functionally, MALAT1 overexpression or miR-149-5p inhibitor alleviated the inhibitory effect on cell viability and the promoted effect on apoptotic rate of RGCs in EIOP. The interaction between MALAT1 and miR-149-5p was predicted by starBase v2.0 online database, and dual luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay and RNA pull-down assay validated the interaction. Combined with the loss and gain experiment results, miR-149-5p was negatively interacted with MALAT1. Furthermore, miR-149-5p mimics mitigated the promoted impact on cell viability and the suppressive impact on apoptotic rate by targeting MALAT1.Conclusion: MALAT1 promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis of RGCs via targeting miR-149-5p in glaucoma in vitro, which might shed light on the mechanism of glaucoma pathogenesis.

Restricted by the difficulty in fabricating scaffolds suitable for cell proliferation, the use of ex vivo expanded limbal stem cell (LSC) for LSC transplantation, an effective treatment method for patients with limb stem cell deficiency (LSCD), is hard to be widely used in clinical practice. To tackle these challenges, a novel electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/gelatin nanocomposite is proposed to make 3D scaffolds for limbal niche cells (LNC) proliferation in vitro, which is a milestone in the treatment of diseases such as LSCD. PCL and gelatin in different weight ratios are dissolved in a mixed solvent, and then electrospinning and cross-linking are performed to prepare a scaffold for cell proliferation. The characterizations of the nanocomposites indicate that the gelatin content has a significant effect on its micro-morphology, thermal properties, crystallinity, degradation temperature, hydrophilicity, and mechanical properties. P8G2-C (PCL: gelatin = 80: 20, cross-linked), with smooth fibers and homogeneous pores, has better hydrophilicity, mechanical properties, and flexibility, so it can support LNC as cell proliferation assays revealed. This detailed investigation presented here demonstrates the feasibility of using PCL/gelatin nanocomposites electrospun fiber membranes as a limbus tissue engineering scaffold, which undoubtedly provide a new perspective for the development of tissue engineering field.

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of implantation of phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens for high myopia by a single incision. <br> METHODS: Phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation surgery by a single incision was performed in 9 patients ( 18 eyes ) with high myopia.All patients were followed up for 3 to 9 months to record the clinical ocular data including uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) , best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , diopter, astigmatism, intraocular pressure, the number of endothelial cell etc.before and after surgery. <br> RESULTS: Phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens were implanted successfully in all the operative eyes.The mean preoperative diopter was (-13.38 ±-5.32) D, and postoperative diopter was (-0.25±0.38)D.All eyes of the preoperative and postoperative uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) and the best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) were 0.06±0.04, 0.6±0.2, 0.5±0.2, 0.7±0.3 respectively. It was obvious that postoperative UCVA and BCVA were better than the preoperative UCVA and BCVA (P<0.05). The mean preoperative and postoperative IOP was (13.23± 3.18 ) mmHg, ( 15.03 ±1.25 ) mmHg, respectively.The cornea endothelial cell density was ( 3008 ±298 )/mm2 before operation and ( 2896 ±246 )/mm2 after operation;average preoperative anterior chamber depth was (3.56± 0.29 ) mm; postoperative anterior chamber depth was&nbsp;(3.68 ±0.37) mm; preoperative corneal astigmatism was (0.52 ±0.30 ) D and postoperative refractive cylinder was (0.67±0.45)D, showing no statistical differences (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation for high myopia by a single incision is a reliable and effective method with low risk, small ocular surface injury, low cost and small astigmatism induced by surgery.It can be a suitable operation method.

Background Replase of uveitis is a primary cause of vision damage.To predict recurrentassociated factors for uveitis is very critical for the prevention and management of uveitis.Objective This study was to explore the risk factors of recurrent uveitis and establish the prediction model of recurrent uveitis.Methods Clinical data of recurrent uveitis patients who were diagnosed in Renhe Hospital of Three Gorges University from July 1,2010 to June 30,2011 were retrospectively reviewed.The demography characteristics of the patients were collected and the disease was followed-up under the informed consent.Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the disease recurrence rate and to plot relapse-free survival curve at different levels of predictive factors.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to select independent risk factors of relapse and establish the prediction model for recurrent uveitis.Results Total 825 cases of recurrent uveitis were included and followed up for 1 month to 38 months,with a median following-up time of 16 months.Relapse of uveitis was identified in 149 cases (18.1％)during the following-up duration.The relapse-free survival time was from 1 month to 38 months,and the 1-,2-and 3-year cumulative recurrence-free survival rates were 87.3％,82.8％ and 80.9％.Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that immunosuppression withdrawal(X1) (β =0.940,Waldx2 =12.018,P =0.001),oral steroid withdrawal (X2) (β =1.334,Wald x2 =18.450,P ＜ 0.001),colds (X3) (β =0.642,Wald x2 =11.988,P =0.001),work and study stress(X4) (β=0.285,Wald x2 =4.925,P=0.026) and excessive alcohol and tobacco(X5) (3--0.541,Wald x2 =4.718,P =0.030) were the independent risk factors for recurrence of uveitis.The risk of recurrence in patients with uveitis function model expression was h (t)=h0 exp (2.559 X1 +3.797 X2 + 1.901 X3 + 1.331 X4 +1.719 X5).Conclusions Replase of uveitis is an interaction of many factors,and immunosuppression withdrawal,oral steroid withdrawal,colds,work and study stress,excessive alcohol and tobacco are independent risk factors for recurrence of uveitis.An intervention according to the controllable factors is one of the important ways to prevent the recurrence of uveitis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the surgical correction of high myopia using an implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens. Methods: Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (ICL) implantation was performed in 14 eyes of 7 patients with high myopia. After follow-up for 3 to 9 months, the clinical ocular examinations were performed including uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) retraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), slit-lamp findings, cornea topography and cornea endothelial cell density before and after surgery. Results: Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens were implanted successfully in all the operative eyes. The mean preoperative diopter was -14.52±6.43 D, and postoperative diopter was -0.01±0.28 D. The UCVA and BCVA were 0.08±0.06 and 0.5±0.2 respectively before operation versus 0.6±0.3 and 0.7±0.2 respectively after operation. It is obvious that postoperative UCVA and BCVA were better than the preoperative ones (P<0.05). The mean preoperative IOP was (16.21±2.84) mmHg and postoperative IOP was 17.03±1.95 mmHg. The cornea endothelial cell density was (30.28±289)/mm 2 before operation and (2912±251)/mm 2 after operation, and average preoperative anterior chamber depth was 3.69±0.31mm and the postoperative was 3.57±0.29 mm, showing no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: Phakic ICL is an effective treatment for the correction of high myopia and has significant advantages such as reversibility, immediate correction, stability, and no postoperative complications. However, a long-term evaluation of effectiveness and safety for this phakic ICL should be performed.

目的观察自体角膜缘干细胞移植联合新鲜人羊膜移植治疗急性眼化学烧伤的疗效.方法对7例7眼急性眼化学烧伤,于伤后1～2 d行自体角膜缘干细胞移植联合新鲜人羊膜移植重建眼表,随访观察眼表上皮化时间和视力恢复情况.结果随访6～8个月,7例7眼均未见新鲜羊膜植片急性排斥反应,全部病例无感染,无角膜结膜进行性溶解和穿孔,无新生血管形成.结论自体角膜缘干细胞移植联合新鲜人羊膜移植是治疗急性眼化学烧伤的一种有效方法.