This article examines the structure of sport in postcolonial Uganda in the context of being a developing country in East Africa. The intention is to provide a wealth of empirical, concrete data that are often missing from many theoretical polemics on the politics of sport and to link the empirical data to political theory. In the context of this article, it is suggested that Uganda is best understood through a neopluralist analysis of the state.

The Botswana flag had never been raised nor had its national anthem been heard at the medal ceremonies of any major international sports competition prior to the 2004 Paralympic Games. The aim of this paper is to analyse critically problems of sports development in developing countries taking Botswana, Africa as an example. This paper is based on material collected from a number of documents on sport in developing countries, newspapers and material from the Internet. E-mail correspondence was exchanged with a number of sports officials from Botswana. Interviews were conducted in Botswana with key officials involved with the development and administration of sport, and a Botswana international athlete who was resident in the United Kingdom. The results of the research showed that Botswana has made great strides in the administration and organization of sport since independence, but the economic advances that have been made are being threatened by the HIV/AIDS pandemic that has become the most devastating emergency in the nation's history.

In 2003 Namibia reached the final stages of the International Cricket Council (ICC) World Cup in South Africa, and the International Rugby Board (IRB) World Cup in Australia - a remarkable achievement for a country with a population of only 1.9 million people. This study addresses the current socio-political situation in Namibia, Africa in relation to the organization of sport. The article is based on two research visits to Namibia in which interviews were conducted with key providers of sport in Namibia. The results show that Namibia has made great strides in the administration and organization of sport since independence in 1990, and give a sense of the struggles and barriers involved in sport development in a newly independent developing nation.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the ‘race’ and ethnicity of female netball players in the First and Second Division of the English National Netball League during the 1999/2000 season. The secondary purpose was to compare the ethnicity of players to playing position. Consequently, this research will contribute to a better understanding of female ethnic participation in English netball, and also provide data that will facilitate a comparative analysis of participation rates by ethnic minorities in other sports in England, and with similar research on ethnicity in other countries. Data were collated from team rosters of all teams comprising the First and Second Divisions of the English National Netball League in the 1999/2000 season. The research was conducted over a season, in order to observe all of the teams, and to note the position of each player in the team. The ‘race’ and ethnicity of players (̲N = 150) was established from individual players by administering a self-definition questionnaire at the end of each observed match.

This paper provides an overview of how the processes through which specific football clubs were established in Scotland operated interdependently with the processes of identity construction. It is acknowledged that this paper does not provide any new primary evidence to an already wellresearched area. However, rather than offering a new perspective to the debate, the explicit aim of this contribution is to provide a review of recent research into football and sectarianism in Scotland, and to conceptualise the topic within this literature. In this respect, this paper synthesises the material on the development of football clubs in Scotland and places it directly within the context of majority/minority inter-group relations (that is, indigenous Scots and migrant Irish communities) in early twentieth century Scotland. In particular, by examining the establishment of teams based in Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Dundee, all of which housed significant Irish communities, the objective is to examine both how and why particular clubs have developed and become associated with particular social groups and identities, and why these clubs were adopted (consciously or subconsciously) as vehicles for the expression of social identity.

This chapter examines sport in Latin America in its social, cultural, and political contexts. An analysis of the development of sport in Latin America suggests that there have been a number of distinct phases influenced by the cultures of the Spanish, British and French. More recently, the games and pastimes of the United States have made a significant impact. It is suggested that the further development of sport in Latin America is hindered by a number of significant problems. It concludes that the problems faced by some countries are immense and that governments and international organizations in the developed world should offer help where appropriate.

The in vitro physical properties of two types of polydimethyl siloxane, MDX 4-4210 and a new material A-2186, were compared. The properties that were investigated in this study were tensile strength, elongation, tear strength, and surface hardness. The properties tested were selected because of their clinical significance for fabricating a facial prosthesis. According to the results obtained in this investigation, the new material, A-2186, had greater tear resistance, tensile strength, and a larger percentage of elongation. A-2186 material, also proved to be softer at the surface than the MDX 4-4210. This combination of physical properties makes this material, A-2186, a better choice than the traditional MDX 4-4210 for the fabrication of facial prostheses.