The number of new HIV cases in DKI Jakarta is increasing every year. The East Jakarta has the highest incidence of HIV cases. The increasing number of HIV cases is not followed by awareness of HIV test, especially pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the experience of health care providers in performing HIV tests on pregnant women. The research method was descriptive narrative with participants from health workers who did HIV tests on pregnant women. The research was conducted at two Community Health Center in East Jakarta. Interviews used structured questions, conducted for 30 – 55 minutes, and recorded using a digital voice recorder with 13 participants. The data were analyzed using content analysis techniques. The four themes emerged including HIV test was mandatory for pregnant women at the first visit (K1); emphasizing on explaining the benefits of HIV test for prevention of HIV transmission in children; coordinating in the implementation HIV test for pregnant women and handling of those who are HIV positive; and challenges in implementing HIV test. in pregnant women. Health education about the importance of HIV test for pregnant women should be done from an early age. Additional of reagents HIV test for mothers from other regions is needed. The results of this study are expected to be input in improving the quality of HIV test for pregnant women.

Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) continues to pose a significant challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH). Non-adherence to ART can have far-reaching implications for patient well-being, particularly in increasing the risk of opportunistic infections when medication is not taken as prescribed. Objective: This study aimed to develop a theoretical model that explains how PLWH in Indonesia adhere to their ART regimen and the strategies they follow to maintain adherence. Methods: The study used a grounded theory approach. Data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews with 21 PLWH who had been taking ART for six months or more at a non-governmental organization (NGO) in Jakarta, Indonesia, between July 2019 and November 2019. Theoretical sampling was used, and the data analysis method of Corbin and Strauss was utilized, including open coding, axis coding, and selective coding. Results: Three stages were identified as a process of adherence to the ART regimen: 1) initiating ART, 2) missing the connection, and 3) taking control. Self-awareness was identified as the central core theme describing the ART adherence process. Conclusion: Having adequate self-awareness to take ART regularly is crucial to improving adherence to ART. Moreover, social support from one’s spouse and family members can help patients maintain adherence. Therefore, self-awareness and support systems should be included as components in nursing interventions when starting ART therapy. In addition, nurses can help identify potential support persons and provide information related to ART therapy.

dengan angka 70.509 sejak 1987 hingga Desember 2020. Kemenkes melaporkan terdapat 31% kasus AIDS usia 21-29 tahun yang mengindikasikan mereka terinfeksi sejak usia muda/remaja, 5 – 10 tahun sebelumnya. Orang hidup dengan HIV (ODHA) tidak hanya berjuang dengan masalah kesehatan tetapi juga stigma dari lingkungannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan mengenai HIV dalam eliminasi stigma terhadap ODHA pada siswa SMPN di Jakarta Timur. Metode: Penelitian kuasi eksperimen berupa pemutaran video, pemberian mengenai HIV dan stigma pada ODHA, pembagian booklet, dan penjelasan video serta booklet. Data dianalisis menggunakan T-test. Hasil: Terdapat 71 respoden dalam penelitian. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai HIV dan penurunan yang signifikan pada stigma pada ODHA setelah dilakukan intervensi (p value <0,05). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara stigma pada ODHA dengan jenis kelamin, kelas, pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, dan info mengenai HIV. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara stigma pada ODHA dengan pengetahuan mengenai (p value = 0,002 dengan korelasi -0,36). Kesimpulan: Semakin tinggi pengetahuan mengenai HIV maka semakin rendah stigma pada ODHA. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi masukan dalam mengembangkan program untuk dalam upaya eliminasi stigma pada ODHA pada siswa SMP dengan menggunakan media berupa video dan booklet.

This pilot study tested the feasibility of Lantern program, an adherence program to HIV medications using WhatsApp, a secure social media messaging application from Meta, for a smartphone-based platform to enhance medication-taking adherence of antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Indonesia. Thirty participants were recruited for this 8-week study. We recruited persons if they had taken antiretroviral therapy for at least 3 months prior to the study, had a smartphone, Internet access, and could use Lantern with WhatsApp. Here, we report the results from the focus group discussions, with the participants evaluating the qualitative aspects of the experiences. The WhatsApp platform was found to be safe, practical, and relatively inexpensive and provided confidentiality for the participants. Three themes emerged from the focus groups: the study motivated participants to take their antiretroviral therapy medications on time, they still set medication reminder alarms, and being in the study made them feel supported. The Lantern program indicated good feasibility and acceptability for adherence to antiretroviral therapies among people living with HIV. Future research should examine on how community organizations and healthcare providers can take advantage of the WhatsApp program to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapies.

Little is known how stigma theories apply to women living with HIV (WLWH). To apply stigma theories to WLWH, and locate within the dimensions of the Social-Ecological Model (SEM). Using a literature review and a theoretical subtraction to apply stigma forms to the SEM dimensions. WLWH begin to self-stigmatize, receive stigma based on fear from the family and community. Healthcare providers and society stigmatize WLWH by ascribing character flaws to them. The SEM allowed us to locate the dimensions of stigma and identify areas for future interventions for WLWH in Indonesia and other countries.

ABSTRACT Little is known how stigma theories apply to women living with HIV (WLWH). To apply stigma theories to WLWH, and locate within the dimensions of the Social-Ecological Model (SEM). Using a literature review and a theoretical subtraction to apply stigma forms to the SEM dimensions. WLWH begin to self-stigmatize, receive stigma based on fear from the family and community. Healthcare providers and society stigmatize WLWH by ascribing character flaws to them. The SEM allowed us to locate the dimensions of stigma and identify areas for future interventions for WLWH in Indonesia and other countries.

Objective: To explore female adolescents' perceptions of their communication with their mothers on the topics of sexuality and reproductive health. Method: A qualitative methodology was used for this study. Data were obtained via focus-group discussions involving 78 female junior high school students, aged 11-15 years. The data were analyzed using content analysis. This study was conducted in Papua, Bali, Jakarta, Riau, and Pontianak. Result: Several themes: (1) knowledge of sexuality and reproductive health, (2) mothers as primary sources of information about reproductive health, (3) factors facilitating communication between adolescents girls and their mothers with mothers, and (4) problems faced by adolescent girls when discussing SRH. Conclusion: Although mothers and daughters communicate freely about many topics; however, discussions of SRH occur infrequently. Parent-based approaches could be effective strategies, especially in terms of improving communication with daughters. (C) 2019 Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

The number of female injection drug users in Indonesia is rapidly increasing. This study explores the experiences of women living with HIV in recovery from heroin injection. Using a ground theory approach, 22 women former drug users in Jakarta participated in this study. Six themes emerged: the challenges of quitting, the role of self-motivation, the utility of methadone treatment, the importance of partner and family support, the transformation of "self" and situation, and the rewards of a normal life if successful. These women's accounts point to the personal and cultural challenges that they faced as women, wives, and mothers.

While parent-adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) communication is one potential source of information for adolescents, it appears to be inadequately practiced in Indonesia. Given that female adolescents in Indonesia are faced with increased sex-related risks, it is important to understand, from parents and adolescents’ perspectives, how parents communicate about SRH to their adolescents. This study was designed to investigate parents and their female adolescent children's patterns of SRH communication in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. A total of 15 adolescent girls (ages 13-15) and 14 mothers took part in four focus group discussions. Fifteen girls, aged 13-15 and 14 mothers aged 25-45 years participated in the study, sharing their reflections on their communication about sex and reproductive health issues. The analysis technique used was thematic analysis, which is performed by refining key themes that emerge from the data. Data were collected from the focus group discussions. The four themes identified in this study are: (1) Infrequent communication on sexuality between mothers and daughters, (2) Mothers’ tendencies to avoid to discussing SRH, or feeling ashamed and that it is culturally unacceptable to talk about sexual matters, (3) Body change during puberty is the major content of the mother-daughter communications, and (4) Both mothers and daughters need adequate information about SRH. The study reveals that communication regarding sexual and reproductive issues between parents and female adolescents is limited in Indonesia. The quality of communication on general topics between parents and their female adolescents is one of the important factors related to SRH communication between them. It is essential that Indonesian parents become better informed and skilled, so that they may be involved in the sexual and reproductive health education of their female adolescent children.

Few international studies document the concerns of women living with HIV (WLWH) who were infected by their intravenous drug-using husbands. Our content analysis described the concerns of this population by analyzing 12 interviews with WLWH. Three main concerns were discussed by the women: dealing with anger and being a dedicated wife, going home to one's parents as the only place to go, and being strong and staying alive for the children. Dealing with their own emotional responses to the HIV diagnosis, lacking financial resources after the husband's death, and remaining focused on staying healthy were major issues in their stories. Indonesia needs large-scale public HIV education campaigns about the risks women encounter as wives to husbands who use intravenous drugs as well as campaigns to educate husbands about their risks. Nurses need to encourage women to get tested during prenatal care to prevent infecting their children.

: Background: In 2013, East Jakarta was the area in Jakarta province with the highest HIV cases. However, it is not followed by the awareness for having an HIV testing, especially pregnant women. Objective: to describe the experience of pregnant women in having an HIV test at a community health center (CHC). Methods: Descriptive narrative was used in this study. In-depth interviews about the women’ experiences in having HIV test were conducted with 10 pregnant women at the CHC. Interviews were conducted on 2017 and recorded using a digital voice recorder. Data were analyzed using content analysis method and validated with health care provider (HCP) and observation. Results: Three themes emerged: obedient to the health care providers’ recommendations, HIV testing as part of a pregnant woman's health test, lack of knowledge about HIV testing. All women agreed to have an HIV test, however they still had limited knowledge about HIV test and the right to have an HIV test. Conclusion: Pregnant women have an HIV test based on HCP’s recommendation. Providing more information about test HIV and private room at the CHC and having more health education in the community is needed to increase pregnant women’s understanding about HIV test.

Purpose: To evaluate feasibility, including usability and utility, of the Computerized Symptom Capture Tool for Menopause (C-SCAT-M), a symptom heuristics application (app) for the iPad, with midlife women.Methods: Thirty midlife women aged 40-60 and experiencing symptoms they associated with menopause were recruited through flyers posted on a university campus, primary care and women's health clinics. The C-SCAT-M guided participants to identify symptoms they experienced, draw temporal and causal relationships between symptoms and identify symptom clusters. Women were encouraged to think aloud as they encountered questions or problems and their comments were audio recorded. After completing the C-SCAT-M, they completed a 22-item acceptability survey and a demographic survey. Data were downloaded from catalyst website and analyzed using SPSS.Results: Women completed the C-SCAT-M with minimal difficulty, with most indicating that using the app was very/extremely easy and most (57%) preferred using the iPad app to paper. Most women stated that the final diagrams were very/extremely accurate depictions of their symptom clusters and relationships (77%).Conclusion: The C-SCAT-M demonstrated initial feasibility, including usability and utility, for collecting data about symptom clusters experienced by midlife women.

Aims To review controlled clinical trials of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies for hot flushes and at least one other co-occurring symptom among sleep, cognitive function, mood, and pain.Methods An experienced reference librarian performed an extensive search of PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Plus, PsycInfo, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, EMBASE, AMED, and Alt-Health Watch for randomized, controlled trials reported in English between 2004 and July 2011. Of 1193 abstracts identified, 58 trials examined effectiveness of therapies for hot flushes and at least one additional co-occurring symptom.Results Eleven trials (13 publications) examined TCM therapeutics of acupuncture, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) or moxibustion. Acupuncture trials (eight) yielded mixed results; five trials significantly reduced hot flushes. Of those five trials, one also showed benefit for sleep and pain and two trials found benefit for mood symptoms. Of three CHM trials, three trials had significant findings: one for hot flushes and mood, one for hot flushes and pain, and one for hot flushes, sleep, mood symptoms and pain. Moxibustion and counseling (one trial) significantly reduced hot flushes, mood symptoms and pain. None of the trials reported any serious adverse events.Conclusions TCM therapeutics of acupuncture, CHM and moxibustion show promising results for the treatment of mood and pain symptoms co-occurring with hot flushes. Although the controlled clinical trials of TCM therapeutics reviewed here measured multiple symptom outcomes, few report treatment effects in ways that allow clinicians to consider symptom clusters when prescribing therapies. Future studies need to measure and report results for individual symptoms or group like symptoms together into subscales. Controlled clinical trials with larger numbers of participants are essential to allow evaluation of these therapies on hot flushes and multiple co-occurring symptoms.

Aims To determine the effects of herbal therapies on hot flushes and at least one other symptom including, sleep, mood, cognition, and pain that women experience during the menopausal transition and early postmenopause.Methods An extensive search of PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Plus, PsycInfo, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, EMBASE, AMED, and Alt-Health Watch for randomized, controlled trials reported in English between January 2004 and July was conducted by an experienced reference librarian. There were 1193 abstracts identified but only 58 trials examined effectiveness of therapies for hot flushes and at least one additional co-occurring symptom.Results Seventeen studies used herbal preparation including seven studies of black cohosh, two studies of black cohosh mixed with other herbals, and eight studies of other herbals. Of these, one study of black cohosh, two studies of black cohosh mixed with other herbals, and four other herbal studies had significant effects on hot flushes and at least one additional co-occurring symptom. The adverse events of herbal therapies were various, ranging from mild to moderate and women were generally tolerant of the preparations.Conclusions Black cohosh mixed with other herbals, Rheum rhaponticum, and French maritime pine bark had significant effects on hot flushes and at least one other symptom. These herbal therapies may be a promising alternative treatment to hormonal treatment. Future studies should classify women based on their menopausal stages, report each symptom separately, have adequate sample size, focus on multiple co-occurring symptoms, and target symptom management of menopausal symptoms.

Objective: This study aims to elicit midlife women's heuristics about symptom clusters they were experiencing, as identified by the Computerized Symptom Capture Tool for Menopause (C-SCAT M). Methods: Women aged 40 to 60 years who were experiencing symptoms that they associated with menopause were recruited through flyers posted on campus and in clinics. Women completed the C-SCAT M application (app), using an iPad, by identifying and drawing symptom clusters they experienced during the last 24 hours, indicating relationships among symptoms, prioritizing the clusters and symptoms within them, making causal attributions, and identifying exacerbating and ameliorating factors. They were asked to prioritize the clusters and a symptom within each cluster. While women were completing the app, they were asked to "think aloud" about their experience using the app. Data generated from the C-SCAT M app were transmitted securely to an Amazon Web Services account and saved as screen images and Excel files to preserve both graphical images and text elicited from the app. Qualitative data were saved in verbatim phrases. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Results: Thirty women completed the app. Most women (77%) stated that the final diagrams were very/extremely accurate in depicting their symptoms and their connections. Women reported between 1 and 22 symptoms (median, 11). Hot flashes, waking up during the night, night sweats, and early morning awakening were the most commonly reported symptoms. Women rated hot flashes as their most bothersome symptom, followed by waking up during the night and fatigue. They reported more than 300 different bivariate relationships between their symptoms and more than 150 unique causal paths. They believed that hot flashes caused several symptoms, especially sleep disruption, and most could describe the time order of their symptoms. Women reported clusters consisting of 2 to 18 symptoms. Women also named each cluster based on their response to their symptoms ("really annoying"), time of occurrence ("night problem"), and symptoms included in the cluster ("hot flash"). They attributed their clusters to menopause, life demands, and other symptoms, among other causes. Management strategies that women used included over-the-counter preparations, sleep, rest, and other lifestyle changes. Some women requested for a copy of their final symptom cluster diagram to discuss with their healthcare providers. Conclusions: Use of the C-SCAT M affords women an opportunity to depict their symptoms and clusters and the relationships between them and to provide narrative data about their heuristics. Women's unsolicited comments about using the cluster diagram to facilitate conversations (about their symptoms) with their healthcare providers suggest the potential value of modifying the C-SCAT M and evaluating its use in a healthcare setting.

AIMS:Although most women experience symptom clusters during the menopausal transition and early postmenopause, investigators reporting clinical trial effects for hot flushes often omit co-occurring symptoms. Our aim was to review controlled clinical trials of mind-body therapies for hot flushes and at least one other co-occurring symptom from these groups: sleep, cognitive function, mood, and pain.METHODS:An experienced reference librarian performed an extensive search of PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Plus, PsycInfo, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, EMBASE, AMED, and Alt-Health Watch for randomized controlled trials reported in English between 2004 and July 2011. Of 1193 abstracts identified, 58 trials examining effectiveness of therapies for hot flushes and at least one additional co-occurring symptom of interest were identified.RESULTS:Eight trials (ten publications) examined relaxation, yoga, or exercise. Physical activity/exercise trials (six) yielded mixed results; only one significantly reduced hot flushes and mood symptoms. Of two relaxation therapy trials, only mindfulness-based stress reduction training reduced sleep and mood symptoms and had within-group treatment effects on hot flushes. Yoga (one trial) significantly reduced hot flushes and improved cognitive symptoms more than exercise, and also had within-group effects on sleep and pain symptoms.CONCLUSIONS:Studies of mind-body therapies for hot flushes increasingly measure multiple symptom outcomes, but few report treatment effects in ways that allow clinicians to consider symptom clusters when prescribing therapies. Future studies need to measure and report results for individual symptoms or group like symptoms together into subscales rather than use subscales with mixed dimensions. Trials with larger numbers of participants are essential to allow evaluation of these therapies on multiple co-occurring symptoms.

AIMS:Review controlled clinical trials of isoflavones and amino acid preparation effects on hot flashes and at least one other symptom including mood, sleep, pain, and cognitive function that women report during the menopausal transition and early postmenopause. METHODS:An experienced reference librarian searched PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Plus, PsycInfo, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, EMBASE, AMED, and Alt-Health Watch for English-language randomized controlled trials between 2004 and July 2011. Seventeen trials of isoflavones and amino acid effects on hot flashes and one additional symptom were identified. RESULTS:In five trials of soy isoflavone preparations, two (6g soy germ extract and 25 g soy protein in soy nuts) significantly decreased hot flashes, but no other symptoms. In the seven trials of other isoflavones, six significantly reduced hot flashes; in addition, red clover (80 mg) significantly reduced mood symptoms; Rexflavone (350 mg) for women with Kupperman Index>20 significantly reduced sleep symptoms; two trials had significant reductions for pain: isoflavone powder (90 mg) and red clover (80 mg). The only trial in this systematic review that significantly reduced cognitive symptoms was red clover (80 mg). In one trial, red clover isoflavone (80 mg/day) significantly relieved hot flashes, mood, pain, and cognitive symptoms. Amino acids yielded no significant results. Equol supplements of 30 mg/day for non-Equol producing women significantly reduced mood symptoms in one trial. The magnolia bark extract combination significantly reduced hot flashes, mood, and sleep symptoms. CONCLUSIONS:Isoflavone trials yielded significant reductions on hot flashes and co-occurring symptoms during the menopausal transition and postmenopause, but studies require replication with larger sample sizes and attention to measurement of outcomes.

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary MedicineVol. 20, No. 5 OtherSystematic Review of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Soy, Black Cohosh & Mind-Body Interventions for Symptom Clusters During Menopausal Transition/Early PostmenopauseLisa Taylor-Swanson, Nancy Woods, Ellen Mitchell, Janet Schnall, Lori Cray, Annette Thomas, and Rita IsmailLisa Taylor-SwansonSearch for more papers by this author, Nancy WoodsSearch for more papers by this author, Ellen MitchellSearch for more papers by this author, Janet SchnallSearch for more papers by this author, Lori CraySearch for more papers by this author, Annette ThomasSearch for more papers by this author, and Rita IsmailSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:7 May 2014https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2014.5380.abstractAboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View article"Systematic Review of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Soy, Black Cohosh & Mind-Body Interventions for Symptom Clusters During Menopausal Transition/Early Postmenopause." The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 20(5), p. A142FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byAn Interventional strategy of physical activity promotion for reduction of menopause symptoms7 November 2020 | Health Promotion Perspectives, Vol. 10, No. 4 Volume 20Issue 5May 2014 InformationCopyright 2014, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.To cite this article:Lisa Taylor-Swanson, Nancy Woods, Ellen Mitchell, Janet Schnall, Lori Cray, Annette Thomas, and Rita Ismail.Systematic Review of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Soy, Black Cohosh & Mind-Body Interventions for Symptom Clusters During Menopausal Transition/Early Postmenopause.The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.May 2014.A142-A142.http://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2014.5380.abstractPublished in Volume: 20 Issue 5: May 7, 2014PDF download