Social leisure in preadolescence is a key space for socialization, identity, and wellbeing. In this context, intergenerational leisure stands out for its contribution to socio-emotional development and social cohesion. However, gaps persist in the analysis of its modalities, conditioning factors, and effects. The aim of this study was to analyze the kind of social leisure that young preadolescents share with their grandparents, as well as the satisfaction it generates. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered to 246 students aged 11 and 12 years from northern Spain, and subsequently, a descriptive study and an inferential analysis were conducted. Most grandchildren share leisure time with their grandparents, with face-to-face rather than virtual leisure predominating. The mother’s work situation emerges as the most influential factor, with higher rates of shared leisure observed when she is employed; the father’s work situation is also strongly associated. Face-to-face leisure is linked to greater overall satisfaction. The results underscore the importance of preserving these intergenerational spaces amid current societal changes.

Introduction: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Intellectual Disability frequently exhibit motor difficulties that hinder their autonomy and limit participation in daily activities. Objective: This study aims to examine the potential of Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) to foster the development of basic motor skills in individuals with ASD, thereby contributing to their personal growth and functional independence. Methodology: A descriptive and interpretative case study employing a qualitative design was conducted with two participants diagnosed with ASD and intellectual disability. The qualitative data were analysed using Atlas.ti 9 software to identify variations in motor performance and bodily responses throughout the therapeutic process. Results: Regular engagement in DMT sessions facilitated both the acquisition and refinement of diverse motor skills—such as vertical jumping, longitudinal turning, and object manipulation and throwing—that had not been observed prior to the intervention. Discussion: When tailored to individual functional profiles, DMT promotes active participation, motor learning, and systematic monitoring of progress, underscoring its adaptability as a therapeutic approach. Conclusion: The findings suggest that DMT constitutes an effective therapeutic strategy for enhancing fundamental motor development and fostering autonomy and quality of life among individuals with ASD and intellectual disabilities.

La continua transformación que atraviesan las universidades exige una reconfiguración de sus estructuras, enfoques pedagógicos y objetivos, así como de las interacciones que mantienen con la sociedad. El aprendizaje-servicio se constituye en un enfoque pedagógico que favorece el progreso de las competencias transversales en sus tres dimensiones: instrumental, interpersonal y sistémica. El objetivo fue conocer el impacto de la participación en proyectos de aprendizaje-servicio en la responsabilidad social del estudiantado universitario mediante el análisis del progreso de sus competencias transversales. Se empleó una metodología cuantitativa de tipo cuasi experimental, con un diseño descriptivo e inferencial, transversal y de carácter nomotético. Este enfoque permitió analizar las diferencias en competencias transversales del estudiantado universitario antes y después de participar en un proyecto de aprendizaje-ser[1]vicio. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1867 estudiantes, distribuidos en dos grupos: 1128 en la fase pretest y 739 en la fase postest. Para la recogida de datos se utilizó la Escala de Competencias Transversales del Cuestionario de Evaluación de Competencias Transversales de Grado (CECTGRA). La hipótesis nula planteaba que no existían diferencias significativas entre las puntuaciones pretest y postest en las variables ordinales, considerando un nivel de significación de p < 0.05 para su rechazo. Se concluye que la participación del estudiantado universitario en proyectos de aprendizaje-servicio ha tenido un impacto significativo en la mayor parte de las dimensiones que configuran sus competencias transversales y que la implicación del alumnado en acciones que derivan de este enfoque pedagógico supone un impulso para la responsabilidad social, y contribuye a la formación de un perfil favorable para la construcción de una ciudadanía democrática y plural, que reflexiona sobre su rol en la sociedad.

Digital leisure and intergenerational learning are two concepts that, although they may seem different at first, have become increasingly intertwined in today’s society. The study analyzes how digital leisure has influenced relationships between grandparents and grandchildren from the north of Spain, before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Its main objective is to assess the activities shared across different time periods and the impact on intergenerational learning. A quantitative approach was used with an ad hoc questionnaire validated by experts and administered to 357 grandparents before the lockdown, 272 during the lockdown, and 137 after the lockdown. The analysis was conducted using SPSS 23.0, including both descriptive and inferential studies. During the lockdown, digital leisure experienced a significant rise, with activities such as videocalls and social media standing out. Before the pandemic, very few grandparents used to share this type of leisure, a figure that drastically increased during the lockdown, but which decreased again after this period. The main reasons to share these activities were “to spend more time together” and “because I like it”. However, the adoption of digital leisure did not remain as a regular part of the familial dynamics after the pandemic. Digital leisure proved to be a key tool for maintaining the intergenerational ties during times of crisis, but its use was not consolidated after the lockdown. The need for digital literacy programs for older adults is highlighted, where grandchildren can play a key role as technological facilitators.

Introducción: El ocio ambiental y cultural guarda importantes implicaciones para el desarrollo humano. Entorno y cultura generan un espacio de satisfacción, y abuelos y abuelas enfatizan su potencial en la práctica con sus nietos y nietas. El objetivo del estudio fue examinar si la práctica de ocio ambiental y cultural compartido entre abuelos/as y nietos/as se vincula a las características personales y familiares de los abuelos y las abuelas. Metodología: Se realizó una encuesta transversal telemática a 357 abuelos/as con nietas y/o nietos (6-12 años) del norte de España. Resultados: El ocio cultural es el más extendido, mientras que el ambiental es practicado por más de dos tercios de los participantes, siendo las mujeres quienes más ocio comparten. La edad es determinante y compartir o no domicilio con los nietos y/o nietas no tiene, en principio, incidencia clara. Discusión: Género y edad son factores facilitadores de la práctica de ocio en contextos intergeneracionales, aunque se precisa una investigación más amplia. Conclusiones: Las dimensiones ambiental y cultural del ocio promueven experiencias positivas y pueden definirse como fenómeno social, en especial, en el marco de las relaciones intergeneracionales.

Physical activity has a great impact on people's health and well-being, while in the context of Hospital Pedagogy there is a lack of initiatives that consider this area as an educational and transversal strategy to enhance the quality of life. The main goal is to design and implement a Service -Learning project aimed at the students who attend the Hospital Classroom. A needs assessment has been conducted in the collective under study through semi -structured interviews with teaching and healthcare personnel and administering an ad hoc questionnaire to the families of hospitalized children. Based on the diagnosis, a Service -Learning project was designed for a classroom of 4th grade of Primary Education of the involved Preschool and Primary Education Center, involving them in the initiative. A multifocal assessment was carried out through rubrics, evaluating the learning process of the students involved as well as the project itself. The results obtained were very positive. The conclusions of the study certify the suitability of the methodology Service -Learning for promoting a healthy lifestyle in the students who use the Hospital Classroom, as well as for fostering awareness among the students of Primary Education towards this collective.

La actividad física tiene gran impacto en la salud y bienestar de las personas, si bien en el contexto de la Pedagogía Hospitalaria son escasas las iniciativas que consideran esta área como estrategia educativa y transversal para fomentar la calidad de vida. El objetivo fue diseñar e implementar un proyecto de Aprendizaje-Servicio destinado al alumnado que acude al Aula Hospitalaria. Se realizó un diagnóstico de necesidades en el entorno del colectivo objeto de estudio, realizando entrevistas semiestructuradas al personal docente y sanitario, y aplicando un cuestionario ad hoc a familiares de niños y niñas hospitalizados. A partir del diagnóstico, se diseñó un proyecto de Aprendizaje-Servicio desde un aula de 4º de educación primaria del Centro de Educación Infantil y Primaria (CEIP) implicado, haciéndoles partícipes de la iniciativa. Se realizó una evaluación multifocal, mediante rúbricas, valorando tanto el proceso de aprendizaje del estudiantado participante como del propio proyecto. Los resultados obtenidos fueron muy positivos. Las conclusiones del estudio certifican la idoneidad de la metodología de Aprendizaje-Servicio para el fomento de un estilo de vida saludable en el alumnado usuario del Aula Hospitalaria, así como para el impulso de la sensibilización del alumnado de primaria hacia este colectivo. Abstract Physical activity has a great impact on people’s health and well-being, while in the context of Hospital Pedagogy, there is a lack of initiatives that consider this area as an educational and transversal strategy to enhance the quality of life. The main goal is to design and implement a Service-Learning project aimed at the students who attend the Hospital Classroom in the San Pedro Hospital (Logroño). A needs assessment has been conducted in the collective under study through semi-structured interviews with teaching and healthcare personnel and administering an ad hoc questionnaire to the families of hospitalized children. Based on the diagnosis, a Service-Learning project was designed for a classroom of 4th grade of Primary Education of the involved Preschool and Primary Education Center, involving them in the initiative. A multifocal assessment was carried out through rubrics, evaluating the learning process of the students involved as well as the project itself. The results obtained were very positive. The conclusions of the study certify the suitability of the methodology Service-Learning for promoting a healthy lifestyle in the students who use the Hospital Classroom, as well as for fostering awareness among the students of Primary Education towards this collective.

El ocio ambiental intergeneracional y, más en concreto, el compartido entre abuelos y abuelas con sus nietos y nietas, aporta numerosos beneficios. Al tratarse de una dimensión del ocio directamente vinculada a la naturaleza y a actividades al aire libre, contribuye a la consecución de distintos objetivos compatibles con el desarrollo sostenible, percibiéndose como una experiencia enriquecedora, atractiva y flexible, que cohesiona y estrecha los vínculos entre generaciones. El propósito de este trabajo fue examinar el ocio ambiental compartido entre abuelos1 y nietos, y las motivaciones vinculadas a dicha práctica. Se combinó metodología cuantitativa (N=350) y cualitativa (N=18), utilizando cuestionario un ad hoc y un grupo de discusión, respectivamente. Los resultados muestran que las actividades de ocio intergeneracional en entornos naturales cada vez son más practicadas; los viajes, así como el cuidado de plantas, huerto y animales son las actividades preferentes. Los motivos preferentes para la realización de estas experiencias compartidas son la transmisión de conocimientos y afecto, y el cuidado que profesan los abuelos y abuelas a sus nietos y nietas. La prospectiva apunta a profundizar si tras la pandemia ha crecido el valor concedido al ocio ambiental, por su potencial para facilitar el contacto intergeneracional en entornos seguros.

Intergenerational leisure can be a tool to stimulate and reinforce the learning of primary school students. The aim of this study was to examine which leisure activities shared by grandparents and their grandchildren are carried out from the perception of intergenerational learning as one of the main reasons for joint practice, and its link with the grandparents' level of education. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered to 329 students aged 6 to 12 years in the north of Spain, and a descriptive study and inferential analysis of the data were carried out. The leisure activities that students highlight the most as experiences in which they perceive that by sharing them with their grandparents, they learn from them, are board games, artistic activities, caring for plants or gardens and reading. There are only significant differences in the learning perceived by primary school students depending on the level of education of their grandparents in caring for plants or vegetable gardens, as the grandparents of children aged 6 to 12 in the northern part of Spain are more able to teach their grandchildren to care for plants or vegetable gardens when their level of education is primary education. These four activities highlighted by the grandchildren as facilitators of knowledge are very interesting instruments to stimulate and reinforce the education of primary school students, so involving grandparents in their grandchildren's education and taking advantage of their knowledge and experience, as well as their ability to stimulate their grandchildren, is a good strategy to turn free time into valuable leisure time.

The scientific literature confirms that intergenerational leisure provides multiple benefits, especially for older citizens. It grants them vitality, motivation, emotional wellbeing, and illusion, suggesting that these experiences can potentially increase older people's satisfaction levels. The objective of this study was to examine grandparents' perceived satisfaction with the leisure they share with their adolescent grandchildren and to link it to the typology of activities. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered to 91 grandparents, and a descriptive study and inferential data analysis were carried out. The transmitted level of satisfaction with shared leisure is generally very high. Almost all the grandparents feel a high degree of satisfaction with the leisure they share with their adolescent grandchildren, with very few differences in satisfaction as a function of the different leisure activities. However, there are differences in how they would like to share leisure with the adolescents in the future. In general, those who share cultural leisure would be more willing to change how they share leisure with their grandchildren, as they feel less satisfied with leisure in cultural environments. Nevertheless, listening to music differs from cultural activities because it is related to significantly higher satisfaction. Three cultural activities stand out (listening to music, going to the cinema, and going to museums, galleries, and exhibitions) because they are associated with grandparents' greater willingness to continue practicing this leisure with their grandchildren like they have been doing. Furthermore, in general, grandparents who share environmental and ecological experiences or festive activities and celebrations (i.e., traveling, hiking, caring for plants, going out to eat or drink, and going to traditional festivals) clearly express a greater willingness to continue to share this kind of leisure in the future than do grandparents who do not share this type of activities. The conclusions of this study help to understand the pre-youth stage, offering some guidelines to optimize personal and intergenerational well-being. The possible exceptionality of the current situation within the framework of COVID-19, which may have led to significant alterations in the grandparent-grandchildren relationship, is discussed, with the consequent need to continue this line of research.

Intergenerational environmental leisure and, more specifically, that shared between grandfathers and grandmothers with their grandsons and granddaughters, provides numerous benefits. As it is a dimension of leisure directly linked to nature and outdoor activities, it contributes to the achievement of different objectives compatible with sustainable development, being perceived as an enriching, attractive and flexible experience, which coheres and strengthens the ties between generations. The purpose of this work was to examine shared environmental leisure between grandparents1 and grandchildren, and the motivations linked to said practice. Quantitative (N=350) and qualitative (N=18) methodology was combined, using an ad hoc questionnaire and a discussion group, respectively. The results show that intergenerational leisure activities in natural environments are increasingly practiced; Travel, as well as caring for plants, gardens and animals are the preferred activities. The preferred reasons for carrying out these shared experiences are the transmission of knowledge and affection, and the care that grandparents profess to their grandchildren. The prospective aims to deepen whether the value given to environmental leisure has grown after the pandemic, due to its potential to facilitate intergenerational contact in safe environments.

La literatura científica constata que el ocio intergeneracional reporta múltiples beneficios, en concreto, a los más mayores, a quienes proporciona vitalidad, motivación, bienestar emocional e ilusión, lo que apunta a que estas experiencias poseen el potencial de incrementar los niveles de satisfacción en el colectivo de personas mayores. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la satisfacción percibida por los abuelos con el ocio que comparten con sus nietos adolescentes, y vincularla con la tipología de actividades. Se utilizó un cuestionario ad hoc administrado a 91 abuelos, y se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo y un análisis inferencial de los datos. El nivel de satisfacción transmitido con respecto al ocio compartido es, en general, muy elevado, pues la práctica totalidad de los abuelos presenta un alto grado de satisfacción con el ocio que comparten con sus nietos adolescentes, siendo muy escasas las diferencias en la satisfacción en función de las distintas actividades de ocio. Existen algunas diferencias sobre la forma en la que les gustaría compartir ocio en un futuro con los adolescentes. En general, quienes comparten ocio cultural estarían más dispuestos a cambiar la forma en la que comparten el ocio con sus nietos, pues se sienten menos satisfechos con el disfrute del ocio mediante entornos culturales. Sin embargo, escuchar música se descuelga de las actividades culturales al relacionarse con una satisfacción significativamente superior. Destacan tres actividades culturales (escuchar música, ir al cine y a museos, galerías y exposiciones) por asociarse con una mayor disposición a seguir practicando ocio junto a sus nietos tal y como lo vienen haciendo. Por otro lado, en general, los abuelos que comparten experiencias ambientales y ecológicas, así como actividades festivas y celebraciones, manifiestan claramente una mayor disposición a repetir la forma en la que compartirían su ocio en el futuro que quienes no comparten este tipo de actividades, especialmente a la hora de viajar, ir de excursión, cuidar plantas, salir a tomar algo e ir a fiestas tradicionales. Las conclusiones de este estudio ayudan a la comprensión de la etapa previa a la juventud, ofreciendo claves susceptibles de optimizar el bienestar personal e intergeneracional. Se discute si la excepcionalidad de la situación que sobrevino por el COVID-19, ha provocado alteraciones importantes en la relación abuelos-nietos, con la consiguiente necesidad de continuar esta línea de investigación.

La actividad física de ocio compartida entre abuelos y nietos tiene el potencial de contribuir a la mejora la salud, el bienestar general y la calidad de vida en las personas mayores. La presente investigación tiene por objetivo analizar la importancia de la actividad física de ocio compartida por abuelos y nietos, para el bienestar integral de las personas mayores, considerado un colectivo potencialmente vulnerable, y examinar si existen diferencias entre dos épocas clave vinculadas al pre y post confinamiento. Se utilizaron técnicas cuantitativas -cuestionario ad hoc administrado a 357 abuelos de niños de 6 a 12 años residentes en la zona norte de España- y cualitativas -grupo de discusión-, en el que participaron 9 abuelos con nietos con edades comprendidas entre 6 y 12 años. Los resultados reflejan que la actividad física de ocio compartida entre abuelos y nietos es de las prácticas más perjudicadas con la pandemia, quedando reducida tras el confinamiento, no consiguiéndose reestablecer los niveles anteriores al COVID. Los desafíos sanitarios y sociales actuales obligan a construir políticas familiares y sociales que consoliden la práctica de actividad física de ocio compartida, que beneficie la inclusión social de las personas mayores, como colectivo potencialmente vulnerable.

This study aims to explore the lived experiences of intergenerational leisure amongst a sample of Spanish grandparents, and the impact these may have on their perceived health and wellbeing. Theoretically, this study is framed within Stryker and Burke’s symbolic interaction theory and Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Data collection included semi structured phone interviews with 19 grandparents. Thematic analysis elicited four key themes, related to grandparents’ lived experiences of intergenerational leisure. These included: (1) Generative activities; (2) Identities in intergenerational leisure; (3) Hindrances to role performance; and (4) Health impact of grandparents’ self-meanings. We conclude that participants’ self-evaluations of the impact their generative actions had on their grandchildren, together with the high salience of their role, influenced their self-concept and led to positive outcomes. These included improvements in their health and wellbeing, such as feeling calm and relaxed, feeling loved and looked after, and helped them to have a future-oriented outlook by giving them a greater sense of liveliness, hope and purpose in life. We provide some recommendations for future research and practice, such as the need of interventions that provide older adults with opportunities to interact with younger generations during leisure time.

The objective of this work was to examine whether the practice of physical activity shared by grandparents and grandchildren is associated with increased psychological and physical well-being in childhood. In this research, participants were 1080 children aged 6 to 12 (53.61% female and 46.38% male) from northern Spain. Concerning leisure, 32.4% of the children practiced physical leisure activity with their grandparents and considered that sharing leisure with their grandparents contributed to their psychological and physical well-being. The practice of physical activity shared by grandparents and grandchildren was positively associated with the grandchildren's greater perception of physical and psychological well-being. Social and family intervention policies should be aimed at fostering intergenerational settings for family physical activity because of their contribution to children's physical-sports adherence and to the increase in children's physical and psychological well-being.

Grandparents' and grandchildren's shared leisure physical activity has the potential to contribute to improving quality of life in older people. The present research aims to analyze the importance of leisure physical activity shared by grandparents and grandchildren for the integral well-being of older people, considered a potentially vulnerable group, and to examine possible differences between two critical periods linked to pre-and post-confinement. Quantitative ad hoc questionnaire administered to 357 grandparents of children aged 6 to 12 years living in the northern area of Spain, and qualitative discussion group techniques were used in which 9 grandparents with grandchildren aged between 6 and 12 years participated. The results show that grandparents' and grandchildren's shared leisure physical activity is one of the practices most affected by the pandemic, as it decreased after the confinement and has not managed to reach pre-Covid levels. The current health and social challenges require the construction of family and social policies that consolidate the practice of shared leisure physical activity, which benefits the social inclusion of older people as a potentially vulnerable group.

Leisure activities shared by grandparents and grandchildren provide important benefits. The health and humanitarian crisis caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has made it necessary to use digital tools to alleviate the lack of contact between adults and children. This paper had as its aim to identify the digital leisure shared by grandparents and their pre-adolescent grandchildren (10-12 years old) before and during the pandemic, as well as its contribution to intergenerational well-being from a holistic paradigm, ultimately aiming to determine whether that digital leisure constitutes an experience of human development for young and old people alike. The sample was made up of 153 grandparents of 10-to-12-year-old children living in the north of Spain. Alongside the use of an ad hoc questionnaire, descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out. Most intergenerational leisure activities ceased to be performed during the lockdown, except for those that could be carried out remotely, thanks to information and communication technologies, which ensured the continuity of social and family interactions. Technological connectivity between generations provided greater support to communication and meaningful relationships, additionally facilitating active aging processes.

The university must adapt to the demands of the surrounding environment, which requires linking research and innovation through reflective processes on educational and social practice. The objective was to design a teaching innovation project, justified by the results of a national research project, which uses the Service-Learning (SI) methodology as a transversal axis, through the design of intergenerational digitized actions, capable of responding to current needs. The results of the needs analysis carried out by the research team shows that, before the pandemic, digital leisure activities between grandparents and grandchildren were secondary practices although, during the confinement, they began to occupy a preferential place. Intergenerational technological connectivity was the support for communication and meaningful relationships between grandparents and grandchildren during this period. This analysis of reality allowed planning an interdisciplinary innovation project that includes the design of 16 digitized intergenerational proposals of SL registered in the following contexts: university, university-school linkage, and educational-social collaboration, evaluated by digital rubric. The conclusions suggest that all the mentioned initiatives can be extrapolated to the social context, capable of favoring intergenerational encounters through digital resources.

El objetivo fue examinar el valor del ocio lúdico y cultural compartido entre abuelos y nietos para el bienestar de ambas generaciones. Se utilizaron técnicas cuantitativas -cuestionario ad hoc administrado a 1080 estudiantes de primaria- y cualitativas-2 grupos de discusión-. Las actividades lúdicas y culturales fueron preferentesen el ocio compartido, practicándose más con las abuelas. Como aportacionesdestacaron el incremento de la comunicación, la diversión, el aprendizaje mutuo y elbienestar afectivo. La práctica de ocio cultural y lúdico intergeneracional se asociópositivamente con la valoración de una mejor relación entre nietos y abuelos.