The Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High Luminosity--Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron-proton and proton-proton operation. This report represents an update of the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) of the LHeC, published in 2012. It comprises new results on parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LHeC will open a new chapter of nuclear particle physics in extending the accessible kinematic range in lepton-nucleus scattering by several orders of magnitude. Due to enhanced luminosity, large energy and the cleanliness of the hadronic final states, the LHeC has a strong Higgs physics programme and its own discovery potential for new physics. Building on the 2012 CDR, the report represents a detailed updated design of the energy recovery electron linac (ERL) including new lattice, magnet, superconducting radio frequency technology and further components. Challenges of energy recovery are described and the lower energy, high current, 3-turn ERL facility, PERLE at Orsay, is presented which uses the LHeC characteristics serving as a development facility for the design and operation of the LHeC. An updated detector design is presented corresponding to the acceptance, resolution and calibration goals which arise from the Higgs and parton density function physics programmes. The paper also presents novel results on the Future Circular Collider in electron-hadron mode, FCC-eh, which utilises the same ERL technology to further extend the reach of DIS to even higher centre-of-mass energies.

A measurement of the integrated luminosity at the ep collider HERA is presented, exploiting the elastic QED Compton process ep→eγp. The electron and the photon are detected in the backward calorimeter of the H1 experiment. The integrated luminosity of the data recorded in 2003 to 2007 is determined with a precision of 2.3 %. The measurement is found to be compatible with the corresponding result obtained using the Bethe–Heitler process.

Inclusive e ± p single and double differential cross sections for neutral and charged current deep inelastic scattering processes are measured with the H1 detector at HERA. The data were taken at a centre-of-mass energy of \( \sqrt {s} = {319} \) GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 333.7 pb−1 shared between two lepton beam charges and two longitudinal lepton polarisation modes. The differential cross sections are measured in the range of negative four-momentum transfer squared, Q 2, between 60 and 50 000 GeV2, and Bjorken x between 0.0008 and 0.65. The measurements are combined with earlier published unpolarised H1 data to improve statistical precision and used to determine the structure function \( xF_{3}^{{\gamma Z}} \). Ameasurementoftheneutralcurrentparityviolating structure function \( F_{2}^{{\gamma Z}} \) is presented for the first time. The polarisation dependence of the charged current total cross section is also measured. The new measurements are well described by a next-to-leading order QCD fit based on all published H1 inclusive cross section data which are used to extract the parton distribution functions of the proton.

Inclusive production of D* mesons in deep-inelastic ep scattering at HERA is studied in the range 5 < Q^2 <100 GeV^2 of the photon virtuality and 0.02 < y < 0.7 of the inelasticity of the scattering process. The observed phase space for the D* meson is p_T(D*) > 1.25 GeV and |eta(D*)| < 1.8. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 348 pb^{-1} collected with the H1 detector. Single and double differential cross sections are measured and the charm contribution F_2^{ccbar} to the proton structure function F_2 is determined. The results are compared to perturbative QCD predictions at next-to-leading order implementing different schemes for the charm mass treatment and with Monte Carlo models based on leading order matrix elements with parton showers.

The diffractive process ep \rightarrow eXY, where Y denotes a proton or its low mass excitation with MY < 1.6 GeV, is studied with the H1 experiment at HERA. The analysis is restricted to the phase space region of the photon virtuality 3 \leq Q2 \leq 1600 GeV2, the square of the four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex |t| < 1.0 GeV2 and the longitudinal momentum fraction of the incident proton carried by the colourless exchange xIP < 0.05. Triple differential cross sections are measured as a function of xIP, Q2 and beta = x/xIP where x is the Bjorken scaling variable. These measurements are made after selecting diffractive events by demanding a large empty rapidity interval separating the final state hadronic systems X and Y . High statistics measurements covering the data taking periods 1999-2000 and 2004-2007 are combined with previously published results in order to provide a single set of diffractive cross sections from the H1 experiment using the large rapidity gap selection method. The combined data represent a factor between three and thirty increase in statistics with respect to the previously published results. The measurements are compared with predictions from NLO QCD calculations based on diffractive parton densities and from a dipole model. The proton vertex factorisation hypothesis is tested.

Background: Over the past several decades, seaweeds and their extracts have generated an enormous amount of interest in the pharmaceutical industry as a fresh source of bioactive compounds with immense medicinal potential.In addition, natural antioxidants from algal extracts have attracted increasing interest due to their safety.Recent studies have been focused on finding novel antioxidants to combat and/or prevent ROS (reactive oxidative species) mediated diseases.Based on these facts, the aim of this work was to evaluate antioxidant properties and antitumoral activity of dichloromethane-methanol extracts of red alga Gelidium sesquipedale (Clemente) Thuret (Rhodophyta) and brown alga Fucus spiralis Linnaeus (Phaeophyceae).Material and Methods: Dichloromethane-methanol (50:50) extracts of red alga Gelidium sesquipedale and brown alga Fucus spiralis found on the Atlantic coast of Morocco were screened for the studies on their antitumor activities.In vitro cytotoxicity of the extracts was tested by MTT assay against the target cells: human cervix carcinoma (HeLa), and chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562).H2DCFDA (dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate)-cell-permeable indicator was used to measure intracellular ROS level in human platelets using flow cytometry.Results: The obtained results showed that both studied extracts expressed significant cytotoxic activity in vitro toward malignant HeLa, and K562 cell lines.The IC50 values in the MTT assay for Gelidium sesquipedale were 38.03±2.62 (mg/ml) for HeLa and 18.41±1.66(mg/ml) for K562 cell lines.IC50 values for Fucus spiralis were ranged from 36.70±1.65 (mg/ml) for HeLa, and 17.34±1.12(mg/ml) against K562 line.Also, the treatment of human platelets by the extract of Gelidium sesquipedale resulted in reduction of intracellular ROS level induced by the treatment of human platelets with arachidonic acid.Conclusions: Results obtained indicate the potential of these extracts for the antitumor action, making them particularly interesting for further in vitro and in vivo investigations.

The cross section for ep → e bb̄X in photoproduction is measured with the H1 detector at theep-collider HERA. The decay channel bb̄ → eeX ′ is selected by identifying the semielectronic decays of the b-quarks. The total production cross section is measured in the kinematic range given by the photon virtuality Q2 ≤ 1 GeV, the inelasticity0.05 ≤ y ≤ 0.65 and the pseudorapidity of the b-quarks|η(b)|, |η(b̄)| ≤ 2. The differential production cross section is measured as a function of the average transverse momentu m of the beauty quarks〈PT (b)〉 down to the threshold. The results are compared to next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. Submitted toEur. Phys. J.C F.D. Aaron, C. Alexa, V. Andreev, S. Backovic, A. Baghdasaryan , S. Baghdasaryan , E. Barrelet , W. Bartel, K. Begzsuren , A. Belousov, P. Belov, J.C. Bizot , V. Boudry, I. Bozovic-Jelisavcic , J. Bracinik, G. Brandt , M. Brinkmann, V. Brisson, D. Britzger, D. Bruncko, A. Bunyatyan, A. Bylinkin, L. Bystritskaya, A.J. Campbell , K.B. Cantun Avila, F. Ceccopieri , K. Cerny, V. Cerny, V. Chekelian, J.G. Contreras , J.A. Coughlan, J. Cvach, J.B. Dainton, K. Daum, B. Delcourt , J. Delvax, E.A. De Wolf, C. Diaconu, M. Dobre, V. Dodonov, A. Dossanov , A. Dubak, G. Eckerlin, S. Egli, A. Eliseev, E. Elsen, L. Favart, A. Fedotov, R. Felst , J. Feltesse , J. Ferencei , D.-J. Fischer , M. Fleischer , A. Fomenko, E. Gabathuler , J. Gayler , S. Ghazaryan , A. Glazov, L. Goerlich, N. Gogitidze, M. Gouzevitch, C. Grab, A. Grebenyuk, T. Greenshaw, G. Grindhammer , S. Habib, D. Haidt, R.C.W. Henderson , E. Hennekemper , H. Henschel , M. Herbst , G. Herrera, M. Hildebrandt , K.H. Hiller, D. Hoffmann, R. Horisberger , T. Hreus, F. Huber, M. Jacquet , X. Janssen , L. Jönsson, A.W. Jung, H. Jung, M. Kapichine, I.R. Kenyon, C. Kiesling, M. Klein, C. Kleinwort, R. Kogler, P. Kostka, M. Krämer, J. Kretzschmar , K. Krüger, M.P.J. Landon , W. Lange, G. Lǎstovǐcka-Medin, P. Laycock, A. Lebedev, V. Lendermann, S. Levonian, K. Lipka, B. List, J. List, B. Lobodzinski , R. Lopez-Fernandez , V. Lubimov, E. Malinovski, H.-U. Martyn, S.J. Maxfield, A. Mehta, A.B. Meyer, H. Meyer, J. Meyer, S. Mikocki, I. Milcewicz-Mika, F. Moreau, A. Morozov, J.V. Morris, K. Müller, Th. Naumann , P.R. Newman , C. Niebuhr , D. Nikitin, G. Nowak, K. Nowak, B. Olivier, J.E. Olsson , D. Ozerov, P. Pahl , V. Palichik, M. Pandurovic, C. Pascaud , G.D. Patel , E. Perez, A. Petrukhin, I. Picuric, H. Pirumov, D. Pitzl, R. Plǎcakyṫe, B. Pokorny, R. Polifka, B. Povh, V. Radescu , N. Raicevic, T. Ravdandorj , P. Reimer , E. Rizvi, P. Robmann , R. Roosen , A. Rostovtsev , M. Rotaru, J.E. Ruiz Tabasco , S. Rusakov , D. Šálek, D.P.C. Sankey , M. Sauter , E. Sauvan, S. Schmitt , L. Schoeffel , A. Scḧoning, H.-C. Schultz-Coulon , F. Sefkow, L.N. Shtarkov, S. Shushkevich , T. Sloan, Y. Soloviev, P. Sopicki , D. South, V. Spaskov, A. Specka, Z. Staykova, M. Steder , B. Stella, G. Stoicea, U. Straumann , T. Sykora, P.D. Thompson , T.H. Tran, D. Traynor, P. Trüol, I. Tsakov, B. Tseepeldorj , J. Turnau, A. Valkárov́a, C. Vallée, P. Van Mechelen , Y. Vazdik, D. Wegener , E. Wünsch, J.Žáček, J. Źalěsák, Z. Zhang, A. Zhokin, R. Žlebč́ık, H. Zohrabyan, and F. Zomer 27 1 I. Physikalisches Institut der RWTH, Aachen, Germany 2 Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrad e, 1100 Belgrade, Serbia 3 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK 4 Inter-University Institute for High Energies ULB-VUB, Bru ssels and Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium 5 National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (NI P E) , Bucharest, Romania k 6 STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire , UK 7 Institute for Nuclear Physics, Cracow, Poland d 8 Institut für Physik, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany a 9 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia 10 CEA, DSM/Irfu, CE-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 11 DESY, Hamburg, Germany 1 12 Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universit ät Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany a 13 Max-Planck-Institut f̈ ur Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany 14 Physikalisches Institut, Universit ät Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany a 15 Kirchhoff-Institut f̈ur Physik, Universiẗ at Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany a 16 Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Scien ces, Kǒsice, Slovak Republic e 17 Department of Physics, University of Lancaster, Lancaster , UK 18 Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool , UK 19 School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary, University of L ondon, London, UK 20 Physics Department, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden f 21 CPPM, Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, 13288 Marseille, Fran ce 22 Departamento de Fisica Aplicada, CINVESTAV, M érida, Yucat́ an, México 23 Departamento de Fisica, CINVESTAV IPN, M éxico City, Ḿexico 24 Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Mosco w, Russia 25 Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia 26 Max-Planck-Institut f̈ ur Physik, M̈unchen, Germany 27 LAL, Universit́e Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, France 28 LLR, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France 29 LPNHE, Universit́ e Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Universit é Denis Diderot Paris 7, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France 30 Faculty of Science, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, M ontenegro 31 Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republ ic, Praha, Czech Republic g 32 Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Pra ha, Czech Republic g 33 Dipartimento di Fisica Universit̀ a di Roma Tre and INFN Roma 3, Roma, Italy 34 Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, Bu lgaria 35 Institute of Physics and Technology of the Mongolian Academ y of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 36 Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland 37 Fachbereich C, Universit ät Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany 38 Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia 39 DESY, Zeuthen, Germany 40 Institut für Teilchenphysik, ETH, Z̈ urich, Switzerland 41 Physik-Institut der Universit ät Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland 42 Also at Rechenzentrum, Universit ät Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany 43 Also at IPNL, Universit́ e Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France 44 Also at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 45 Also at Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Buchar est, Romania 46 Also at Ulaanbaatar University, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 47 Supported by the Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmho ltz Association (HGF) under the contract VH-NG-401. 48 Absent on leave from NIPNE-HH, Bucharest, Romania 49 Also at Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toron to, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A7 50 Also at LAPP, Universit́ e de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy-le-Vieux, France 51 Now at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Ill inois 60510, USA a Supported by the Bundesministerium f ür Bildung und Forschung, FRG, under contract numbers 05H09GUF, 05H09VHC, 05H09VHF, 05H16PEA 2 b Supported by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Counci l, and formerly by the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council c Supported by FNRS-FWO-Vlaanderen, IISN-IIKW and IWT and by Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme, Belgian Science Policy d Partially Supported by Polish Ministry of Science and Highe r Education, grant DPN/N168/DESY/2009 e Supported by VEGA SR grant no. 2/7062/ 27 f Supported by the Swedish Natural Science Research Council g Supported by the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic u nder the projects LC527, INGO-LA09042 and MSM0021620859 h Supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation i Supported by CONACYT, M éxico, grant 48778-F j Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), grant no 1329 .2008.2 and Rosatom k Supported by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research under the contract PN 09370101 l Partially Supported by Ministry of Science of Montenegro, n o. 05-1/3-3352

A combination of the inclusive diffractive cross section measurements made by the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations at HERA is presented. The analysis uses samples of diffractive deep inelastic ep scattering data at a centre-of-mass energy √ s = 318 GeV where leading protons are detected by dedicated spectrometers. Correlations of systematic uncertainties are taken into account, resulting in an

Measurements of cross sections for beauty and charm events with dijets and a muon in the photoproduction regime at HERA are presented. The data were collected with the H1 detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 179 pb−1. Events with dijets of transverse momentum \(P_{T}^{\mathrm{jet}1}> 7\ \mbox{GeV}\) and \(P_{T}^{\mathrm{jet}2}> 6\ \mbox{GeV}\) in the pseudorapidity range −1.5<η jet<2.5 in the laboratory frame are selected in the kinematic region of photon virtuality Q 2<2.5 GeV2 and inelasticity 0.2 2.5\ \mbox{GeV}\) in the pseudorapidity range −1.3<η μ <1.5. The fractions of beauty and charm events are determined using the impact parameters of the muon tracks with respect to the primary vertex and their transverse momentum relative to the axis of the associated jet. Both variables are reconstructed using the H1 vertex detector. The measurements are in agreement with QCD predictions at leading and next-to-leading order.

Deep-inelastic positron-proton scattering events at low photon virtuality, Q 2, with a forward jet, produced at small angles with respect to the proton beam, are measured with the H1 detector at HERA. A subsample of events with an additional jet in the central region is also studied. For both samples, differential cross sections and normalised distributions are measured as a function of the azimuthal angle difference, Δϕ, between the forward jet and the scattered positron in bins of the rapidity distance, Y, between them. The data are compared to predictions of Monte Carlo generators based on different evolution approaches as well as to next-to-leading order calculations in order to test the sensitivity to QCD evolution mechanisms.

The cross section for \(ep \rightarrow e\, b\bar{b} X\) in photoproduction is measured with the H1 detector at the ep-collider HERA. The decay channel \(b\bar{b} \rightarrow ee X'\) is selected by identifying the semi-electronic decays of the b-quarks. The total production cross section is measured in the kinematic range given by the photon virtuality Q 2≤1 GeV2, the inelasticity 0.05≤y≤0.65 and the pseudorapidity of the b-quarks \(|\eta(b)|, |\eta(\bar{b})|\leq2\). The differential production cross section is measured as a function of the average transverse momentum of the beauty quarks 〈P T (b)〉 down to the threshold. The results are compared to next-to-leading-order QCD predictions.

Measurements of cross sections for events with charm and beauty jets in deep inelastic scattering at HERA are presented. Events with jets of transverse energy E_T^jet > 6 GeV and pseudorapidity -1.0 < eta^jet < 1.5 in the laboratory frame are selected in the kinematic region of photon virtuality Q^2 > 6 GeV^2 and inelasticity variable 0.07 < y < 0.625. Measurements are also made requiring a jet in the Breit frame with E_T^*jet > 6 GeV. The data were collected with the H1 detector in the years 2006 and 2007 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 189 pb^-1. The numbers of charm and beauty jets are determined using variables reconstructed using the H1 vertex detector with which the impact parameters of the tracks to the primary vertex and the position of secondary vertices are measured. The measurements are compared with QCD predictions and with previous measurements where heavy flavours are identified using muons.

A search for first generation scalar and vector leptoquarks produced in ep collisions is performed by the H1 Collaboration at HERA. The full H1 data sample is used in the analysis, corresponding to an integrated luminosity 446 pb^-1. No evidence for the production of leptoquarks is observed in final states with a large transverse momentum electron or with large missing transverse momentum, and constraints on leptoquark models are derived. For leptoquark couplings of electromagnetic strength lambda=0.3, first generation leptoquarks with masses up to 800 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level.