A circulação territorial constitui um conceito basilar na Geografia, definindo-se como a ação que gera movimento, deslocamento e mobilidade em diferentes sentidos, carregando consigo informações. Para além do entendimento de que a circulação territorial se resume ao ato de ir e vir, ao fluxo contínuo e ao percurso, a proposta deste artigo é compilar esforços para contribuir com a conceitualização da circulação territorial, promovendo reflexões epistemológicas que auxiliem na compreensão da realidade socioespacial e que superem a interpretação restrita do termo como simples soma de deslocamentos. Circular também é comunicar, sendo uma dinâmica inerente à transmissão da comunicação. Outro eixo analítico crucial é a indissociabilidade entre fluxos e fixos. Assim, a circulação é um componente central na reprodução e realização do capital integrada à valorização capitalista, à compressão espaço-tempo, e envolve agentes, escalas e lógicas. Desse modo, as diferentes perspectivas apresentadas buscam enriquecer o conceito ao evidenciar que a circulação territorial, no âmbito geográfico, é um componente essencial na organização do espaço e um mecanismo estruturante da reprodução capitalista. Integrando o material e o imaterial, o conceito revela-se fundamental para a interpretação do desenvolvimento econômico e da hierarquia e integração desigual das e nas diferentes escalas territoriais.

Confins, which has just published its 70th issue, explores the frontiers of geographical knowledge, emphasizing dialogue between French and Brazilian traditions. Showcasing images, maps, field reports and rare archives, it illustrates the evolution of the discipline. The history of regional geography in Brazil began with pioneering works such as Manuel Aires de Casal's Corografia Brazilica (1817), which categorized the Brazilian territory according to natural features. However, it was the arrival of the French mission in the 1930s-notably Pierre Monbeig-that established regional geography as a scientific discipline. The establishment of the IBGE in 1938 reinforced this approach, promoting regional studies as a cornerstone of geographical research. In the 1960s, two trends emerged within the discipline: The Nouvelle Geographie, inspired by logical positivism, introduced quantitative methods and mathematical models, while the more interventionist French Geography Active advocated organizing space through urban and regional planning. Geographers such as Bernard Kayser, Michel Rochefort and Jean Tricart influenced this period by incorporating economic and social factors. The 1970s and 1980s saw the emergence of a critical approach inspired by Marxism and phenomenology, represented by figures such as Milton Santos, Orlando Valverde and Josue de Castro. These authors analyzed spatial inequalities, the social production of space, and power dynamics, thereby linking geography and social justice. Today, regional geography is faced with the challenge of reconciling local specificities with global processes while avoiding the pitfalls of particularism. Confins embodies this synthesis by combining tradition and innovation to shed light on contemporary socio-spatial dynamics while encouraging a critical and engaged approach.

Confins, which has just published its 70th issue, explores the frontiers of geographical knowledge, emphasizing dialogue between French and Brazilian traditions. Showcasing images, maps, field reports and rare archives, it illustrates the evolution of the discipline.The history of regional geography in Brazil began with pioneering works such as Manuel Aires de Casal's Corografia Brazílica (1817), which categorized the Brazilian territory according to natural features. However, it was the arrival of the French mission in the 1930s — notably Pierre Monbeig — that established regional geography as a scientific discipline. The establishment of the IBGE in 1938 reinforced this approach, promoting regional studies as a cornerstone of geographical research.In the 1960s, two trends emerged within the discipline: The Nouvelle Géographie, inspired by logical positivism, introduced quantitative methods and mathematical models, while the more interventionist French Géography Active advocated organizing space through urban and regional planning. Geographers such as Bernard Kayser, Michel Rochefort and Jean Tricart influenced this period by incorporating economic and social factors.The 1970s and 1980s saw the emergence of a critical approach inspired by Marxism and phenomenology, represented by figures such as Milton Santos, Orlando Valverde and Josué de Castro. These authors analyzed spatial inequalities, the social production of space, and power dynamics, thereby linking geography and social justice.Today, regional geography is faced with the challenge of reconciling local specificities with global processes while avoiding the pitfalls of particularism. Confins embodies this synthesis by combining tradition and innovation to shed light on contemporary socio-spatial dynamics while encouraging a critical and engaged approach.

Ao longo do tempo a natureza da indústria se complexificou e a clássica divisão da economia em 3 setores: primário, relativo à extração e à agricultura; secundário, dizendo respeito à indústria e, o terciário, ao comércio e serviços parece encontrar limites. O entendimento de fábrica e o de indústria parece não se sustentar mais face às transformações recentes que nos conduzem a reinterpretar a indústria como objetivo de esclarecer fatos e processos que emergem e que parecem ocultados. Estaríamos diante de uma sociedade pós industrial? Essa questão nos parece com pouco sentido, uma vez que quando dizemos pós alguma coisa não estamos qualificando a coisa, apenas estamos dizendo que vem a posteriori dela. Essa forma de dizer denomina algo sem, de fato, nominá-lo. Questionamos a ideia de desindustrialização, não porque ela revela queda na atividade industrial, que pelos parâmetros hegemônicos é um fato, mas porque não percebe as novas formas industriais de se produzir. Nosso ponto de vista é o de que vivemos o advento de uma nova forma de sociedade industrial e que o fazer industrial transcende à transformação da matéria-prima em bens, o que torna opaca a fronteira entre indústria e serviços. Compartilhamos da posição de Veltz (2017) que afirma que estamos vivendo numa sociedade hiper industrial.

O texto debate a locação residencial em cidades da América Latina como inovações imobiliárias que vem transformando tanto a natureza das relações entre os sujeitos, proprietários e inquilinos, como a forma como essa relação se estabelece, hoje permeada pelas plataformas digitais e mistificada pela ideia da economia do compartilhamento. Ao tratar de relações mercantis baseadas na locação, trás para debate, a partir de uma perspectiva crítica, uma aproximação teórica sobre o fundamento do aluguel, buscando evidenciar que o aluguel não é um produto da propriedade imobiliária e não deve ser confundido com a renda da terra, mas sim produto de uma determinada relação social entre o proprietário e inquilino. Alguns exemplos de inovações nas formas de locação imobiliária residencial de curta temporada e a propriedade multifamiliar são analisados a partir de fontes de pesquisa primárias e secundárias. O que se conclui no texto é que essas inovações evidenciam a platamorfização contemporânea do imobiliário na sua relação com o financeiro, criando novos nichos de mercado e garantindo a reprodução ampliada do capital.

The nature of industry has become increasingly complex over time, and the traditional tripartite division of the economy into three sectors: primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors, which respectively encompass extraction and agriculture, industry, and commerce and services, seems to be found its limits. The traditional understanding of the factory and industry is no longer sufficient to account for recent transformations. In order to clarify the facts and processes that have emerged and previously seemed to be hidden, we must reinterpret industry. We are confronted with the emergence of a post-industrial society? This issue appears to be without merit, as when we say "after" something, we are not qualifying the thing in question; we are merely stating that it occurs subsequently. This method of expression is a means of referring to something without, in point of fact, naming it. The concept of deindustrialisation is questioned not because of a decline in industrial activity, which is a tangible reality according to the prevailing indicators, but because the emergence of new industrial production methods is overlooked. Our perspective is that we are witnessing the advent of a novel form of industrial society, in which the industrial process extends beyond the transformation of raw materials into goods. This has the effect of obscuring the distinction between industry and services. We agree with Veltz (2017) that we live in a hyper-industrial society.

The text discusses residential rentals in Latin American cities as real estate innovations that have transformed both the nature of the relationship between landlords and tenants and the way in which this relationship is established, which today is permeated by digital platforms and mystified by the idea of the sharing economy. By dealing with mercantile relationships based on rent, it brings to the debate, from a critical perspective, a theoretical approach to the foundations of rent, seeking to show that rent is not a product of property ownership and should not be confused with land rent, but is the product of a particular social relationship between landlord and tenant. Some examples of innovations in the forms of short-term residential property rental and multifamily property are analyzed using primary and secondary research sources. The text concludes that these innovations highlight the contemporary platamorphisation of real estate in its relationship with finance, creating new market niches and guaranteeing the expanded reproduction of capital.

The Academic Trajectory of Ana Fani Alessandri Carlos was the title of a colloquium held to discuss her intellectual contribution, her academic life and her engagement in university life in all its fullness. Having followed her journey and having shared many experiences, it was decided that I should tell a little of this journey, precisely of an experience that we had together, which was that of having participated, for many years, in a discussion group known as the Martins Group. This group was multidisciplinary and gravitated for 18 years, from 1976 to 1993, around Professor Jose de Souza Martins, one of the greatest intellectuals in Brazil. They were years of intellectual formation outside the formal parameters of the University, reading and discussing two authors: Marx and Lefebvre. During the reading of Marx's works, we geographers of formation searched for new paths for Geography. Ana Fani and I also wanted to understand where we were in this crossroad of old and new paths, which made it essential to know the paths that had led us to this moment. Seeking the future and participating in a geography that was being renewed, we both went back to the past to understand where we were situated. And it was in this returning to the past and in the construction of the future that we walked together. Reading and thinking with Ana Fani is a bit of this story.

The Academic Trajectory of Ana Fani Alessandri Carlos was the title of a colloquium held to discuss her intellectual contribution, her academic life and her engagement in university life in all its fullness. Having followed her journey and having shared many experiences, it was decided that I should tell a little of this journey, precisely of an experience that we had together, which was that of having participated, for many years, in a discussion group known as the Martins Group. This group was multidisciplinary and gravitated for 18 years, from 1976 to 1993, around Professor José de Souza Martins, one of the greatest intellectuals in Brazil. They were years of intellectual formation outside the formal parameters of the University, reading and discussing two authors: Marx and Lefebvre. During the reading of Marx's works, we geographers of formation searched for new paths for Geography. Ana Fani and I also wanted to understand where we were in this crossroad of old and new paths, which made it essential to know the paths that had led us to this moment. Seeking the future and participating in a geography that was being renewed, we both went back to the past to understand where we were situated. And it was in this returning to the past and in the construction of the future that we walked together. Reading and thinking with Ana Fani is a bit of this story.

Capital produces different forms of spatiality. This comprehension allows us to understand uneven geographical development within the production of space. We consider the production of two commodities for exportation as an analytical reference in order to discuss the process of capital accumulation in relation with the production of space. Following, we approach the current hegemony of financial capital, trying to update historically the production of different forms of spatialization of value production. This discussion distinguishes between the processes of valorization and capitalization. It aims to state that the dominance of finance can be interpreted as a new regime of capital accumulation, namely the regime of property accumulation, which affirms property and its income. Within this regime, what matters is share yield, that is, how much can they can return. We take industry as an issue to debate, seen from the perspective of belonging or not to a financialized economic group. Therefore, we take into account a stronger or weaker link with the process of capitalization, and we make considerations on the relation between industry and territory, as well as the production of spatialities that are either more lasting or more ephemeral.

Capital produces different forms of spatiality. This comprehension allows us to understand uneven geographical development within the production of space. We consider the production of two commodities for exportation as an analytical reference in order to discuss the process of capital accumulation in relation with the production of space. Following, we approach the current hegemony of financial capital, trying to update historically the production of different forms of spatialization of value production. This discussion distinguishes between the processes of valorization and capitalization. It aims to state that the dominance of finance can be interpreted as a new regime of capital accumulation, namely the regime of property accumulation, which affirms property and its income. Within this regime, what matters is share yield, that is, how much can they can return. We take industry as an issue to debate, seen from the perspective of belonging or not to a financialized economic group. Therefore, we take into account a stronger or weaker link with the process of capitalization, and we make considerations on the relation between industry and territory, as well as the production of spatialities that are either more lasting or more ephemeral.

Ce numero de Geousp – Espaco e Tempo Time rend compte des idees qui ont ete presentees lors du seminaire « 40 ans de geographie critique : son interet pour la geographie humaine a la FFLCH-USP », promu par Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Geografia Humana du departement de geographie de la Faculte de Philosophie, Litterature et Sciences Humaines (FFLCH) de l’Universite de Sao Paulo, le 15 octobre 2018. L’objet de ce seminaire etait de debattre et de problematiser l’heritage et la force du mouveme...

A institucionalização da pesquisa em nível de pós graduação no Brasil vem se expandindo por todo o território brasileiro. A supervisão deles é de responsabilidade de cada universidade e da CAPES, instituições que estão sob uma conjuntura neoliberal. Nesse artigo se discute o uso e abuso das palavras missão, muito empregada por esses organismos, bem como a perspectiva mercantil que os influenciam, com o objetivo de exemplificar a influência desse contexto neoliberal. Em seguida, a análise das linhas de pesquisa em Geografia busca compreender porque alguns temas emergem com força enquanto outros são esquecidos.