Herbal drugs have gained more importance and popularity in recent years because of their safety, efficacy, and low cost. The pteridophytes have an important role in folklore medicine, although neglected in modern days. These plants have been successfully used in different systems of medicines like Ayurvedic, Unani, Homeopathic, and other systems of medicines. Antimicrobial drugs are the greatest contribution of the present century to therapeutics. Dryopteris cochleata, family Dryopteridaceae which is popularly called as Jatashankari exhibits various therapeutic values to treat many diseases such as, epilepsy, leprosy, wounds, ulcers, diabetes, etc. was selected for the present research work to screen for antibacterial properties. The antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Dryopteris cochleata was screened against two gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis, S. mutans) and three-gram negative bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia) and antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergilhis flavus by disc diffusion method. The extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis, S. mutans, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Candida albicans but did not show antimicrobial activity towards Klebsiella pneumonia and Aspergilhis flavus, Ciprofloxacin and fluconazole were used as standards for antibacterial and antifungal activity, respectively.

During the past decade, the traditional systems have gained importance in the field of medicine. The World Health Organization estimates that 4 billion people, 80% of the world population, presently use herbal medicine for some aspect of primary health care. Herbal medicine is a major component in all indigenous people’s traditional medicine and a common element in Ayurvedic, homeopathic, naturopathic, traditional, oriental, and Native American, and Indian medicine. Many drugs commonly used today are of herbal origin because of their safety, quality, and effi cacy. Indeed, about 25% of the prescription drugs dispensed in the USA contain at least one active ingredient derived from plant material. The present attempt is to review and compile updated information on various aspects of P. americana, a plant used in the Indian system of medicine for a variety of purposes. P. americana Mill. is commonly known as avocado. The avocado tree has shiny evergreen, elliptic leaves 4-8 in number and 10-20 cm long. It is a much more branched, medium-sized tree and is cultivated for its delicious and highly nutritious fruit. There are at least 500 named cultivars. One of the most popular cultivars is Fuerte and Mexican-Guatemalan hybrid with smoothskinned, shiny green, pear-shaped fruits.

Objective: To evaluate the phytoconstituents composition and HPTLC fingerprint sequence profile of the medicinally important plant dried rhizome of Dryopteris cochleata (Dryopteridaceae). Methods: Preliminary phytochemical screening was done by the method as described Kokate. The HPTLC fingerprint analyses were carried out in two different solvent systems, which showed different Rf value as Harborne and Wagner et al described. HPTLC analysis was done using CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with Linomat V applicator, TLC scanner 3, Reprostar 3 and WIN CATS-4 software. The Chloroform: Methanol (9:1) and Toluene: Methnol (9:1) were employed as mobile phase. Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of various phytocompounds. The HPTLC fingerprinting of the rhizome extracts showed several peaks with different Rf values. The ethanol extract revealed 6 peaks in Chloroform: Methanol (9:1) mobile phase whereas 4 peaks in Toluene: Methanol (9:1) mobile phase. Conclusions: It can be concluded that different Rf value of various phytoconstituents provide valuable clue regarding their polarity and selection of solvents for separation of active phytoconstituents. Such finger printing is useful in differentiating the species from adulterants and act as a biochemical marker for develop the standardization parameters of the plant.

Synthetic analgesic drugs have major side effects like gastritis, gastric ulcer, kidney disorders and cardiac arrhythmias. So, use of natural or herbal analgesics is an important and growing part of the pain-control and new discoveries are made practically every year. Many of these drugs commit the side effects like Morphine is responsible do work against heavy sedation and may elevate mood in distressed patients as do the antidepressants. Caffeine, release the histamine in more amounts, also have stimulation. And the use of cannabis like a medicine remains a debated issue. Analgesic herbs are the therapeutic herbs with analgesic effect that are commonly known as pain relief herbs or simply the pain herbs. Analgesic herbs are natural pain reliever that reduce or eliminate pain. These pain relief herbs are available in the market in analgesic topical forms like essential oil and analgesic cream-that can be directly applied at the pain sites-as well as in form of capsules, tea and tinctures for pain relief. So, Author proposed the comparative analgesic activity of some other new medicinal plant from Indian origin which can be very useful for medical sciences.

Diabetes is chronic diseases spread worldwide in all type of age group. This research work show antidiabetic activity of Hibiscus mutabilis in the form of methanolic extract. The methanolic extract of leaf of Hibiscus mutabilis (Malvaceae) were tested for anti-diabetic activity in alloxan induced diabetes wistar rats and compared with standard. Methanolic extract has shown significant protection and maximum reduction in glucose. The maximum reduction in glucose was observed after 6 hours at a dose level of 200 mg/kg of body weight. Blood sugar level was determined using digital glucometer. The results of this comprehensive study reveal that Hibiscus mutabilis leaf shown statistically significant anti-diabetic activity in comparison to the standard glibenclamide.

Thalisadi Churna is a reputed drug mentioned in the ancient books of Ayurveda for the treatment of cough, asthma. Churnas are preparations comprising of fine powders of drugs and may be simple or compound. Simple churnas consists of only one ingredient while a compound one consists of more than one ingredient. In ayurvedic system of treatment, churnas are as excellent as are asavas and arishtas for the abolition of diseases. The principle of using Churnas is due to the fact that therapeutic value of most of the substances is greatly increases when they are reduces to vary fine state of subdivion. They are also easily administrable specially in the cases of children where they cannot swallow pills, tablets or capsules. The present paper deals the therapeutic aspects and efficacy of formulation thalisadi churna and comparative evaluation parameters with marketed product.

Over the past decades, herbal medicine has become a thing of global significance with medicinal and economic implications. Wide spread use of herbs throughout the global has raised serious concerns over this quality, safety and efficacy. Thus exact scientific assessment has become a precondition for acceptance of herbal health claims. Pleione bulbocodioides (Orchid) is a tree, native to France, they are well adapted to cold temperatures and even frost belongs to the family Orchidaceae and is widely used in chinies herbal medicine. There are approx twenty species of pleione. The plant is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments such as antimicrobial,anticancer and antiallergic. From tubers of Pleione bulbocodioides number of phytoconstituents are isolated which has significant pharmacological activity.

Over the past decades, herbal medicine has become a thing of global significance with medicinal and economic implications. Wide spread use of herbs throughout the globe has raised serious concerns over its quality, safety, and efficacy. Thus, exact scientific assessment has become a precondition for acceptance of herbal health claims. Persea americana Mill. (avocado) is a tree, native to central America, cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates around the world, belonging to the family Lauraceae, is widely used in Ayurveda and evidence-based phototherapy. There are 3 principal races or groups of avocado: Mexican, Guatemalan, and West Indian named for the areas where they were originally cultivated. The plant is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments, such as monorrhagia, hypertension, stomach ache, bronchitis, diarrhea, and diabetes. Peptone, b-galactoside, glycosylated abscisic acid, alkaloids, cellulose, polygalacto urease, polyuronoids, cytochrome P-450, and volatile oils are reported to be present in this plant. Biotechnologic approaches show that modified MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg benzyladenine/L, 0-1mg Indole Butyric Acid/L, 0.1 mg Gibberalic Acid 3/L was optimum for adventitious shoot development. In the present review, an effort has been made to study the different aspects of P. americana Mill.

Natural product drugs play a dominant role in pharmaceutical care. Nature is an attractive source of new therapeutic candidate compounds as a tremendous chemical diversity is found in millions of species of plants, animals, marine organisms and microorganisms. Several plant-derived compounds are currently successfully employed in cancer treatment. There are many classes of plant-derived cytotoxic natural products studied for further improvement and development of drug. Interest has revived recently in the investigation of medicinal plants to identify novel active phytochemicals that might lead to drug development. New anticancer drugs derived from research on plant antitumor agents will be continuously discovered. The activities of flavonoids and the synergistic action shown by them with other drugs make them ideal in alternative cancer therapies. Induction of apoptosis is commonly reported among emodin and aloe-emodin, which involve disruption of mitochondria membrane potential, cytochrome c release, and activation of caspase 3. Emodin and aloe-emodin were also able to induce cell-cycle arrest, involving an increase in p53 expression level and accompanied by upregulation of p21. Keywords: -Herbs, Cancer, Flavonides, Anthraquinones