One of the most productive strategies for finding the functions of proteins is to study the consequences of loss of protein function. For this purpose, cells or organisms with a knockout of the gene encoding the protein of interest are obtained. However, many proteins perform important functions and cells or organisms could suddenly lose fitness when the function of a protein is lost. For such proteins, the most productive strategy is to use in ducible protein degradation systems. A system of auxin-dependent protein degradation is often implemented. To use this system, it is sufficient to introduce a transgene encoding a plant-derived auxin-dependent ubiquitin ligase into mammalian cells and insert a sequence encoding a degron domain into the gene of interest. A crucial aspect of development of cell lines engineered for inducible protein depletion is the selection of cell clones with efficient auxin-dependent degradation of the protein of interest. To select clones induced by depletion of the architectural chromatin proteins RAD21 (a component of the cohesin complex) and SMC2 (a component of the condensin complex), we propose to use the morphology of metaphase chromosomes as a convenient functional test. In this work, we obtained a series of clones of human HAP1 cells carrying the necessary genetic constructs for inducible depletion of RAD21 and SMC2. The degradation efficiency of the protein of interest was assessed by flow cytometry, Western blotting and metaphase chromosome morphology test. Based on our tests, we showed that the clones we established with the SMC2 degron effectively and completely lose protein function when induced by auxin. However, none of the HAP1 clones we created with the RAD21 degron showed complete loss of RAD21 function upon induction of degradation by auxin. In addition, some clones showed evidence of loss of RAD21 function even in the absence of induction. The chromosome morphology test turned out to be a convenient and informative method for clone selection. The results of this test are in good agreement with flow cytometry analysis and Western blotting data.

Resistance to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is an agronomically important trait affecting the yield and grain quality of bread wheat. PHS resistance depends both on environmental factors and the genotypic and phenotypic properties of wheat varieties. It is known that wheat varieties with red-grain are more resistant to PHS than white-grain varieties. However, at present there are no methodological approaches that allow to unambiguously distinguish red-grain varieties according to the level of PHS resistance. The purpose of the study was to compare different methods for efficient differentiation of soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties for resistance to PHS. The germination index (GI), α-amylase activity (AAA), a digital grade of the grain color and genetic bases of the wheat varieties the grain was determined in 164 winter wheat, among them 156 were red-grain. The studies were carried out at the late milk/hard dough (LM/HD; GS77-GS87) stage and the hard grain (HG; GS92-GS93) stage. Based on the dynamics of GI it was found that late LM/HD stage is the most suitable for GI evaluation. AAA was performed using the Ceralpha method and falling number (FN) evaluation. An increase in the level of AAA during grain ripening of wheat varieties was shown. A negative correlation was found between GI and FN, FN and AAA. Using the Lab color model to assess the color variation of the grain coat allow to identify 3 variants of grain color. Genetic base of wheat varieties was analyzed by means of allelic composition of the Tamyb10 gene, which participate in the formation of the red color of grain. The results indicated that digital analysis and allelic composition of the Tamyb10 cannot be used as additional criterion for separation of red-grain wheat varieties for resistance to PHS. This is despite the fact that the numerous group of the varieties contain two or more dominant Tamyb10 gene. In general, a comparison of varieties by all three parameters allow to identify a group of varieties that are most PHS resistant. This group consist of 73 red-grain varieties out of 156, while no white-grain PHS-resistant varieties were identified.

Устойчивость к прорастанию зерна на корню (ПЗНК) является хозяйственно важным признаком, который влияет на качество зерна и урожайность пшеницы. Данная устойчивость зависит как от факторов окружающей среды, так и от генотипических и фенотипических особенностей сортов пшеницы. Известно, что краснозерные сорта пшеницы являются более устойчивыми к ПЗНК, чем белозерные. Однако в настоящее время не существует подходов, позволяющих однозначно различать краснозерные сорта пшеницы по степени устойчивости к ПЗНК. Целью настоящей работы являлось сравнение различных подходов для эффективной дифференцировки сортов озимой мягкой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.) по устойчивости к ПЗНК. У 164 сортов озимой мягкой пшеницы, среди которых 156 были краснозерными, были определены индекс прорастания (ИП), активность α-амилазы (ААА), проведена цифровая и генетическая оценка уровня красной окраски зерновки. Исследования проводили на стадиях молочно-восковой спелости (М/ВС) и полного созревания (ПС) зерна. Исходя из динамики изменения ИП на стадиях М/ВС и ПС зерна установлено, что наиболее целесообразно проводить оценку ИП на стадии М/ВС зерна. Анализ ААА был проведен с использованием метода Церальфа и определения числа падения (ЧП). Показано повышение уровня ААА в процессе созревания зерна у изученных сортов. Была выявлена отрицательная корреляционная связь между ИП и ЧП, ЧП и ААА. Использование цветовой модели Lab для оценки окраски оболочки зерна позволило выделить 3 типа окраски зерна. Изучены аллельные варианты гена Tamyb10, контролирующего красную окраску зерна. Анализ цифровой оценки окраски зерна и аллельного состава генов Tamyb10 не выявил дополнительного к ИП и ЧП критерия, который можно было бы использовать для разделения краснозерных сортов пшеницы по устойчивости к ПЗНК. В то же время показано, что наиболее многочисленная группа из изученных сортов, имеет от двух и более доминантных генов, контролирующих красную окраску зерна. В целом, сравнение краснозерных сортов по всем трем параметрам позволило выделить группу сортов, наиболее устойчивых к ПЗНК. В эту группу вошли 73 краснозерных сорта мягкой пшеницы из 156 изученных, при этом белозерных сортов, устойчивых к ПЗНК, выявлено не было.

Using the method of reductive thermolysis of two-component precursors, a series of microdispersed alloys Ni1–xRux containing up to 10 at

Уважаемые коллеги!Благодарим Вас за проявленный интерес к Четвертой российской конференции «Графен: молекула и 2D кристалл» и желание принять участие в её работе.Конференция проходит в научно-образовательном центре города Новосибирска -Академгородке.Мероприятие посвящено актуальным направлениям исследований и разработок в области углеродных и низкоразмерных материалов.Проведение конференции поможет координации усилий ученых в решении современных проблем материаловедения и привлечению молодых исследователей для решения актуальных научных задач.Оргкомитет выражает особую благодарность НГУ, Центру компетенций НТИ «Моделирование и разработка новых функциональных материалов с заданными свойствами», компаниям «Диаэм», «НТ-МДТ Спектрум Инструментс» и корпорации "Графеновая Долина" за финансовую поддержку и журналам Аналитика, Наноиндустрия и РЭНСИТ за информационную поддержку.Искренне надеемся, что пребывание в Новосибирском Академгородке и в стенах Новосибирского государственного университета оставит множество положительных эмоций и

The nanoparticles consisting of Ni with Cu (6-27 at.%) and Al (6-24 at.%) were produced by a joint electrical explosion of dissimilar wires for the first time. Their specific surface area ranges from 7.7 to 12.8 m2/g and from 3.6 to 7.1 m2/g for NiCu and NiAl, respectively. The crystal structure of nanoparticles corresponds to solid so-lutions. The samples were studied in the catalytic pyrolysis of C2-C4 hydrocarbons with the production of carbon nanofibers (CNFs). It was found that the addition of Al and Cu in concentrations up to 20 at.% leads to a sig-nificant increase in productivity of Ni-based catalyst. Thus, the specific yield of CNF (YC) was increased by almost 4 times for the NiAl series (from 8.7 to 32 g/gNi, sample Ni91Al9); the addition of Cu raised the carbon yield value by 14 times (YC = 123 g/gNi, sample Ni85Cu15).

The activity of palladium-containing catalysts based on functionalized carbon nanofibers prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation method in the dehydrogenation reaction of methylcyclohexane was investigated. Methylcyclohexane is considered as one of the most promising liquid hydrogen carriers. The dependence of the catalytic characteristics of the samples on the functionalization conditions of carbon nanofibers was studied. Using temperature-programmed desorption, it was shown that an increase in the treatment time of carbon nanofibers in concentrated nitric acid from 1 to 3 h increased the number of hydroxyl groups on their surface, and treatment for 6 h contributed to a rise in the concentration of carboxyl groups and their derivatives (esters and anhydrides). Additional calcination of the functionalized nanofibers in an inert atmosphere at 530°C yielded a sample containing predominantly hydroxyl groups. The presence of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the carbon material had a positive effect on the performance of the catalysts, while the presence of carboxyl groups led to a decrease in the yield of toluene. It was assumed that the observed differences in catalyst activity were due to differences in the dispersion and localization of palladium particles.

Уважаемые коллеги!Благодарим Вас за проявленный интерес к Четвертой российской конференции «Графен: молекула и 2D кристалл» и желание принять участие в её работе.Конференция проходит в научно-образовательном центре города Новосибирска -Академгородке.Мероприятие посвящено актуальным направлениям исследований и разработок в области углеродных и низкоразмерных материалов.Проведение конференции поможет координации усилий ученых в решении современных проблем материаловедения и привлечению молодых исследователей для решения актуальных научных задач.Оргкомитет выражает особую благодарность НГУ, Центру компетенций НТИ «Моделирование и разработка новых функциональных материалов с заданными свойствами», компаниям «Диаэм», «НТ-МДТ Спектрум Инструментс» и корпорации "Графеновая Долина" за финансовую поддержку и журналам Аналитика, Наноиндустрия и РЭНСИТ за информационную поддержку.Искренне надеемся, что пребывание в Новосибирском Академгородке и в стенах Новосибирского государственного университета оставит множество положительных эмоций и

Many plants and animals have symbiotic relationships with microorganisms, including bacteria. The interactions between bacteria and their hosts result in different outcomes for the host organism. The outcome can be neutral, harmful or have beneficial effects for participants. Remarkably, these relationships are not static, as they change throughout an organism’s lifetime and on an evolutionary scale. One of the structures responsible for relationships in bacteria is O-antigen. Depending on the characteristics of its components, the bacteria can avoid the host’s immune response or establish a mutualistic relationship with it. O-antigen is a key component in Gram-negative bacteria’s outer membrane. This component facilitates interaction between the bacteria and host immune system or phages. The variability of the physical structure is caused by the genomic variability of genes encoding O-antigen synthesis components. The genes and pathways of O-polysaccharide (OPS) synthesis were intensively investigated mostly for Enterobacteriaceae species. Considering high genetic and molecular diversity of this structure even between strains, these findings may not have caught the entire variety possibly presented in non-model species. The current study presents a comparative analysis of genes associated with O-antigen synthesis in bacteria of the Oxalobacteraceae family. In contrast to existing studies based on PCR methods, we use a bioinformatics approach and compare O- anti gens at the level of clusters rather than individual genes. We found that the O-antigen genes of these bacteria are represented by several clusters located at a distance from each other. The greatest similarity of the clusters is observed within individual bacterial genera, which is explained by the high variability of O-antigens. The study describes similarities of OPS genes inherent to the family as a whole and also considers individual unique cases of O-antigen genetic variability inherent to individual bacteria.

Carbon erosion of bulk metals and alloys in a carbon-containing atmosphere can be used as an effective tool for the targeted synthesis of carbon nanomaterials. In this study, a set of bulk Ni 0.89 Cu 0.11 (11 at % Cu) alloys has been synthesized by the mechanochemical alloying of metal powders in an Activator 2S planetary mill. The synthesized samples have been studied as precursors of catalyst for the synthesis of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) from ethylene at 550°C. The effect of the activation time on the particle morphology and phase composition of the alloys, the kinetics of growth, and the carbon product yield in C 2 H 4 decomposition has been studied. For the most active samples, the CNF yield has exceeded 100 g/g cat within 30 min of reaction. The early stage of carbon erosion of a bulk Ni 0.89 Cu 0.11 alloy has been studied by electron microscopy methods. It has been found that the nucleation of carbon fiber growth active sites occurs during a short-term contact of the sample with the reaction mixture (less than 1 min); the complete disintegration of the alloy is observed in a few minutes. The carbon product is represented by nanofibers having a submicrometer diameter and characterized by a dense “stacked” and coaxial-conical packing of graphene layers. The material has a developed specific surface area (140–170 m 2 /g) and a low bulk density (less than 30 g/L).

Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации Российская академия наук Научный совет по неорганической химии РАН Научный совет по аналитической химии РАН Научный совет по химической технологии РАН Российское химическое общество имени Д.И

Бактериальные геномы – один из наиболее распространенных видов данных секвенирования. По этой причине они всё чаще становятся объектами исследований. Фокус внимания исследователей постепенно смещается с анализа одной геномной сборки на сравнительный анализ нескольких геномов. Проводить его на уровне всего генома всё ещё не целесообразно, однако можно сконцентрироваться на сопоставлении отдельных его структур. Геном бактерий представлен оперонами – функциональными единицами, которые сочетают в себе несколько генов, контролирующих общий процесс. Bacterial genomes are one of the most common types of sequencing data. For this reason, they are increasingly becoming objects of research. The focus of attention of researchers is gradually shifting from the analysis of one genomic assembly to the comparative analysis of several genomes. It is still not advisable to conduct it at the level of the entire genome, but one can concentrate on comparing its individual structures. The genome of bacteria is represented by operons - functional units that combine several genes that control the overall process.