High-risk toxic medical wastewater containing pharmaceutical residues and pathogens is highly toxic to aquatic ecosystems and public health. Herein, we developed a pipeline electrode assembly reactor (PEAR) by embedding a tubular concentric membrane electrode (TCME) into stainless steel pipeline for in-transit electro-detoxification of medical wastewater. The TCME configuration with synergistic alignment of electric field, flow field, and concentration field enhanced mass transfer by providing a uniform and enlarged electroactive interface. Based on a porous titanium suboxide (TiSO) anode and stainless-steel pipeline cathode, simulations and experiments revealed that forced convection reduced the viscous boundary layer by 99.9% to increase the mass transfer coefficient by 5.3-18.3 times (up to 4.8 x 10-5 m s- 1) and active site density by 42.3% at flow rate of 150 mL min- 1. The intensified interfacial transport facilitated coupled direct electron transfer and radical-mediated oxidation, which achieved efficient degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ; k = 0.19 min- 1) and 5.9-log inactivation of Bacillus anthracis endospores through coat disruption and intracellular oxidation. The PEAR could remove >= 95% COD with low energy consumption (0.4-1.8 kWh m-3) over 30 days of continuous operation, demonstrating excellent stability, scalability and energy efficiency. This study provides an integratable, scalable and chemical-free strategy for in-transit electro-detoxification of high-risk toxic medical wastewater.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a persistent endocrine disruptor that poses high ecological and healthy risks. Photocatalytic oxygen (O2) activation has emerged as a promising technology for water decontamination, but its efficiency is often hindered by sluggish interfacial electron transfer between photocatalysts and O2 molecules. In this study, a Zn/S co-doping defect engineering strategy was developed to introduce oxygen vacancies (OVs) into BiOI for enhancing visible-light photocatalytic O2 activation and BPA removal. The OVs-rich BiOI with sub-band near the conduction band provided electron and reactant trapping sites that facilitated spatial separation of photogenerated electrons (e-) and holes (h+). The localized electrons at OVs reduced O2 via single-electron transfer to generate superoxide radicals (•O2-), which were further oxidized to singlet oxygen (1O2) by h+. Synergistic oxidation of 1O2 and h+ significantly enhanced BPA degradation, achieving approximately 90 % removal within 120 min. The reaction rate constant (0.01829 min-1) was nearly double that of pure BiOI (0.00948 min-1). Furthermore, the OVs-rich BiOI catalyst demonstrated excellent stability and reusability, maintaining >90 % BPA removal efficiency after five cycles of test. This study offers a new strategy for developing visible-light photocatalyst to remove recalcitrant emerging organic contaminants in water.

介绍了高等级生物安全实验室的围护结构要求,并对微负压控制方法的原理进行了简要阐述.针对实验室运行中的实际情况对微负压控制方法用于过滤器更换、终末消毒、紧急情况进行了深入探讨,旨在为生物安全实验室的运行维护提供借鉴和参考.

Waterborne pathogens have the risk of spreading waterborne diseases and even pandemics. Some Gram-positive bacteria can form endospores, the hardiest known life form that can withstand heat, radiation, and chemicals. Electrochemical inactivation may offer a promising solution, but is hindered by low inactivation efficiencies resulting from limitation of electrode/endospores interaction in terms of electrochemical reaction selectivity and mass transfer. Herein, these issues were addressed through modifying selectivity of active species formation using electroactive ceramic membrane with high oxygen evolution potential, improving mass transfer property by flow-through operation. In this way, inactivation (6.0-log) of Bacillus atrophaeus endospores was achieved. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrated synergistic inactivation to occur through fragmentation of coat via interfacial electron transfer and electro-produced transient radicals (•OH primarily, •Cl and Cl2•– secondarily), thereby increasing cell permeability to facilitate penetration of electro-produced persistent active chlorine for subsequent rupture of intracellular structures. Numbering-up electrode module strategy was proposed to scale up the system, achieving average 5.3-log inactivation of pathogenic Bacillus anthracis endospores for 30 days. This study demonstrates a proof-of-concept manner for effective inactivation of waterborne bacterial endospores, which may provide an appealing strategy for wide-range applications like water disinfection, bio-safety control and defense against biological warfare.

In this study, a machine learning (ML) framework is developed toward target-oriented inverse design of the electrochemical oxidation (EO) process for water purification. The XGBoost model exhibited the best performances for prediction of reaction rate (k) based on training the data set relevant to pollutant characteristics and reaction conditions, indicated by Rext2 of 0.84 and RMSEext of 0.79. Based on 315 data points collected from the literature, the current density, pollutant concentration, and gap energy (Egap) were identified to be the most impactful parameters available for the inverse design of the EO process. In particular, adding reaction conditions as model input features allowed provision of more available information and an increase in the sample size of the data set to improve the model accuracy. The feature importance analysis was performed for revealing the data pattern and feature interpretation by using Shapley additive explanations (SHAP). The ML-based inverse design for the EO process was generalized to a random case for tailoring the optimum conditions with phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) serving as model pollutants. The resulting predicted k values were close to the experimental k values by experimental verification, accounting for the relative error lower than 5%. This study provides a paradigm shift from conventional trial-and-error mode to data-driven mode for advancing research and development of the EO process by a time-saving, labor-effective, and environmentally friendly target-oriented strategy, which makes electrochemical water purification more efficient, more economic, and more sustainable in the context of global carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Heat exchange system is a multivariable,strong coupling,large delay typical system.Double input double output coupling model is established between secondary supply and return water temperature and flow.Improved particle swarm algorithm is presented to identify the model parameters.The adaptive internal model controller is designed to decouple and control the heating process.For the conventional internal model controller and the adaptive internal model controller,the simulation results show that the decoupling control of the supply and return water temperature is all realized and the control effect is similar,when the model is matching.But when the model is mismatch,the settling time and over-shoot of the latter is better than the former.Adaptive internal model controller has better robustness and adaptive ability.

This study presents the structure and application of dunk tanks in high-level biosafety laboratories. The test methods and sterilization effects of dunk tanks were evaluated by using Bacillus subtilis as indicator. Results showed that sterilization effects of dunk tanks could be achieved by immersing the goods in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite disinfectant solution for 30 min at room temperature. Neutralizer sodium thiosulfate had no effect on the growth of Bacillus subtilis, and thus would not affect the disinfection results of sodium hypochlorite. Furthermore, suggestions for safe operation of dunk tanks are also provided in this study.

由于办公室行政管理工作具有十分重要的作用,但在实际管理工作中存在内容繁琐及责任重大的问题,一旦处理不当,则会对单位的正常运行带来较大的影响.因此针对办公室行政管理工作,需要实施精细化管理,加快推动办公室行政管理工作的规范化和科学化,全面提高办公室行政管理的水平.

目的:对高级别生物安全实验室的化学淋浴系统的消毒效果及运行参数进行研究.方法:通过目检法和生物检测法对高级别生物安全实验室的淋浴系统的消毒效果进行验证,以确定化学淋浴系统的运行参数.结果:在保证化学淋浴系统消毒效果合格的前提下,确定了对实验人员和箱体消毒时不同的冲洗水压、冲洗时间及消毒液的种类和浓度.结论:该研究对于保证高级别生物安全实验室的化学淋浴系统安全可靠运行具有重要意义,为化学淋浴系统的设计提供了有效的参考.

目的:对化学淋浴系统的性能检测与现存问题进行探讨,掌握其性能现状,以提高化学淋浴系统的使用安全性.方法:根据CNAS-CL53:2016《实验室生物安全认可准则对关键防护设备评价的应用说明》及RB/T 199—2015《实验室设备生物安全性能评价技术规范》,对化学淋浴系统的箱体气密性、高效过滤器检漏、压差、换气次数、防回流装置、液位报警装置和消毒效果验证7个必检项目进行性能检测,对常见问题进行分析并提出合理化建议.结果:7个必检项目均符合技术要求,性能合格.针对压缩空气,提出了采用无油空压机和吸附式吸干机共同处理压缩空气的方法,对排污管道、软化水管的位置等也提出了具体的改造方案.结论:验证了化学淋浴系统具有良好的运转状态,并对我国生物安全实验室化学淋浴系统建造及改造提出了建议,为我国化学淋浴系统相关标准的实施提供了参考依据.

基于当前事业单位体制改革不断深入的新形势下,事业单位行政管理工作的重要性得以突显.为了确保事业单位各项工作有序开展,需要重视行政管理机制的创新,全面提高事业单位行政管理工作的效率和质量.

随着科技信息化时代的到来，电子信息化技术被广泛应用。电子信息化技术应用于现代档案管理中，既提高了档案管理效率，又提升了档案管理质量；新技术的应用对传统管理模式也是一个冲击，实现档案管理模式的转变，为档案管理注入了新的活力。本文从电子信息化技术在现代档案管理中应用的意义出发，分析了电子信息化技术在档案管理中应用的现状，并针对存在的问题，提出了解决的措施。

随着社会的快速发展,事业单位行政管理改革工作得以不断深入,这不仅有利于事业单位整体效率的提升,而且对我国经济体系的发展具有积极的促进作用.事业单位行政管理水平的高低与事业单位竞争能力息息相关,基于公共管理视角出发,需要快推动事业单位行政管理改革工作,为事业单位的健康、持续发展奠定良好的基础.

疫苗免疫接种是控制畜禽传染病的重要手段之一,通过使用疫苗产生的保护性免疫应答可以使被免疫动物免受病原体的攻击.但一些畜禽主要病原体,如猪瘟病毒、新城疫病毒的疫苗免疫常常失败.有些疫苗能够提供短期保护,却不能使机体产生免疫记忆;有些疫苗能够使机体产生免疫记忆,却不能使机体产生针对抗原的有效免疫保护;强烈的免疫反应并不一定确保能够形成有效的保护性免疫,如呼吸道感染常导致保护性免疫失效;许多疾病以综合征的形式危害动物,如猪呼吸与繁殖综合征等.

<正>鸡马立克氏病(Marek's Disease,MD)是鸡一种最常见的淋巴组织增生性疾病,以外周神经以及性腺、虹膜、各种内脏器官、肌肉和皮肤的单核性细胞浸润和肿瘤形成为特征。由该病引起的外周神经病变类型于1907年由匈牙利兽医博士约瑟夫马立克首先发现[1]并以其姓氏命

单片机定时器中断误差虽然对单片机低频控制系统影响不大,但对单片机高频控制系统的实时控制精度却有较大影响,有时可能造成控制事故。为在不增加单片机体积的基础上扩大其应用范围,提高其测控精度,采用一种软件实现中断时间误差补偿的方法,可轻松解决这一技术问题。

黑龙江省实验动物网是黑龙江省科研条件信息网的一个组成部分,是根据黑龙江省实验动物生产、使用、管理及供需等各种信息的需要进行规划和建设的,包括:通知公告、学术信息、政策标准、科技动态、教育培训、许可管理、信息互动、留言板、检测机构、许可证管理、专业人员、会员专区、相关知识、下载专区、联系我们、友情连接等栏目。

家族企业在我国所有企业中所占的比重很大,对我国经济有着重要的影响,家族企业的成长直接推动我国经济的发展.我国的家族企业与国外的家族企业相比,有优势也有劣势,采取相应有效的管理措施,使我国家族企业扬长避短,更快速、健康的发展,创造家族企业辉煌的未来.

国内目前兽医生物制品生产、研发体系大致包括四部分,一是国家定点生产厂家,二是科研院所、大学的实验生产设施,三是依托大专院校科研院所新建立的生产性公司,四是民营股份制生产企业.面对我国畜牧业发展的巨大市场,国际兽医生物制品生产企业则通过重组、兼并进行实力和资源的整合,并在研发设施和研发项目上的巨额投资,在市场推广、新产品、新技术的应用等方面,为其带来了极强的竞争能力.这在客观上,要求国内企业必须解放思想,打破条块分割和行业界限,通过资源整合、重组、联合,建立我国新型的能够适应国际兽医生物制品市场发展要求的集科研、开发、生产于一体的分工明确的联合企业.