The molecular geometry, the normal mode frequencies, and corresponding vibrational assignments of chiral coordination monomer silver(I) with saccharinate and pyridine [Ag(sac)(py)] in the ground state were performed by HF and B3LYP levels of theory using the LanL2DZ basis set. The optimized bond lengths and bond angles are in good agreement with the x-ray data. The vibrational spectra of the title compound, which is calculated by HF and DFT methods, reproduces vibrational wave numbers and intensities with an accuracy which allows reliable vibrational assignments. The title compound [Ag(sac)(py)] has been studied theoretically in the 4000-200 cm-1 region and the assignment of all the observed bands was made. The analysis of the infrared spectra indicates that there are some structure-spectra correlations. Also, the molecular frontier orbital energies of the title compound have been calculated using HF and B3LYP/ LanL2DZ levels.

Until the year of 1996, there had been an intense air pollution beyond standards because of the use of fossil fuels such as coal and fuel oil especially in homes in the winter. With the start of the use of natural gas in Istanbul after 1996 there has been a decrase in the amount of air pollution. In this study, the measurement values of pre and post natural gas use in 10 different measurement stations conducted by 'Istanbul Metropolitan Municapality, Environment Protection and Development Department, Environment Protection and Control Directorship, have been compared, and therefore the effect of use of natural gas to the quality of air in Istanbul has been analysed.

The world population has been increasing rather fast along with an inevitable rise in the process of industrialization. Today, the world population has reached 7.2 billion and it has been struggling for better standards of life. However, the ecological equilibrium has been tilted off as a result of depletion of natural resources and of the damage to the nature in order to obtain such packaging materials used for the needs of 7.2 billion people, mainly in terms of food and catering sectors as well as textile, furniture and the like. In today's world, people tend to consume foods and beverages known as "fast food" so as to save their time in a world of competition which renders Volumes Of packaging wastes naturally. In this context, packaging items made of glass are worth considering and relatively more advantageous than others, since they are recyclable and hygienic. Hence, in this work there have been some evaluations and analysis made for glass as a packaging material in Turkey.

This paper will first discuss the environmental pollution that threatens the world's presence and its consequences. Then, it will concentrate oil one of the most important concequences of environmental pollution, the global warming, its antecedents and activities that result in CO2 emition. The negative effect of CO2 and greenhouse gases oil the atmosphere, oil the seas, climate changes, melting of the icebergs and the resulting scarcity, starvation, desertification will be explained. As one of the reasons of global warming, our topic will be buildings without isolation and how to reduce the CO2 released from these buildings. Especially we will present our ideas on how a good isolation would reduce heat loss in the buildings and help energy savings. Then we will good show all example of a house with good isolation 'Passive House' explain the terminology, the characteristics and being of the 'Passive House'.

The molecular geometry, vibrational frequencies, gauge including atomic orbital (GIAO) 1 H and 13 C chemical shift values and several thermodynamic parameters of 2α,8-Dihydroxy-1β-methoxy-p-menthane in the ground state were calculated by using the Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional method (B3LYP) with 631G(d) basis set. The results of the optimized molecular structure were presented and compared with the experimental X-ray diffraction. The computed vibrational frequencies were used to determine the types of molecular motions associated with each of the experimental bands observed. In addition, calculated results were related to the linear correlation plot of experimental geometric parameters, IR, 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR chemical shifts values.

Marine outfall constructions are commonly used for domestic wastewater discharge into marine environment. Outfall systems are designed and operated according to their working lifetimes. Outfall designs could be affected by many factors. The hydraulic performance of a diffuser pipe, which is the most important part of an outfall, depends on its correct hydraulic design and suitable practical operation. One of the principal design factors is the discharge coefficient that is determined as port (diffuser hole) type. There are a few sources for obtaining the values of discharge coefficient. One of these is the usage of experiment-based graphics, while the other is via the equations modeled from those graphics. The obtaining of discharge coefficient depends on very strict rules and equation-based discharge coefficients only find limited use in design stage. However, obtaining those coefficients by using the equations only is the commonly preferred way in practice, due to its simplicity. This situation may cause some differences from those expected in both design and practice stages. They even may cause the operation lifetime of the plant to be less than the aimed lifetime in its design. In this study, diffuser pipe designs were realized, in which four flow rates, four hydraulic heads, and one port diameter available in Turkey were used in obtaining equation-based discharge values for the diffuser pipes, in which sharp-edged port type (in thin-walled pipe) was selected. Consequently, by using the graphic-based discharge coefficients for the same diffuser pipes, internal hydraulic data were recalculated. By comparing equation-based discharge coefficient C-D values to graph-based C-D values, total hydraulic head E-N, total flow rate Q, and project year t(p) values were found to be higher in the former case. The difference of t(p) in population increase rate p = 3 (0-2 years) was less, while higher in p = 1 (2-4 years). The resulting differences in flow rate were computed and the decreases that may occur in operational lifetime of the outfall systems were suggested by attributing them to population projections.