The Cattle and Buffalo Business Insurance (CBBI) program, launched by the Indonesian government, aims to provide financial protection to smallholder farmers against livestock deaths or losses. This study investigates the impact of farmers' knowledge on their engagement with the CBBI program in Timbuseng Village, situated in the North Polongbangkeng District of Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. A cross-sectional descriptive quantitative analysis was conducted using primary data collected through structured questionnaires from a sample of 74 beef cattle farmers. Fisher's exact test was employed in a bivariate analysis to evaluate the link between farmers' understanding of CBBI objectives, registration procedures, premiums, and claim procedures and their participation in the program. All data were processed using STATA 14.2 software. The study findings reveal a robust and statistically significant correlation between the four types of knowledge about the CBBI program and their involvement in the program. Addressing knowledge gaps and simplifying processes could enhance CBBI program adoption to support sustainable livestock production and strengthen smallholder farmers' resilience in Indonesia.

Pemurnian sapi bali menjadi program untuk peningkatan populasi sapi bali didaerah pengembangan untuk menyokong kebutuhan daging di wilayah perkotaan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman peternak di Kabupaten Bone mengenai sistem teseng dalam budidaya sapi Bali, dengan fokus pada manajemen pemilihan bibit, pakan, dan kerjasama usaha. Produktivitas sapi Bali dipengaruhi oleh faktor bibit, lingkungan, pakan, dan manajemen, sehingga diperlukan pengelolaan yang baik agar seluruh komponen sistem berfungsi optimal. Pemilihan bibit yang tepat, sesuai dengan lokasi dan tujuan usaha (pembibitan/penggemukan), menjadi kunci keberhasilan. Kriteria bibit unggul meliputi kondisi fisik sehat, reproduksi normal, dan catatan produksi yang baik. Selain itu, ketersediaan pakan secara berkelanjutan dengan manajemen yang tepat (sistem grazing atau cut and carry) turut menentukan pertumbuhan ternak. Kerjasama antara pemilik modal dan peternak umumnya dilakukan dalam jangka waktu tertentu untuk meminimalisir risiko kerugian.

Abstract When it comes to animals, particularly beef cattle, with even nails, foot and mouth disease (FMD) is contagious. The goal of this study was to determine how knowledgeable beef breeders were about FMD outbreaks and immunizations. Since Bone Regency is the first-order provider of cattle in the province of South Sulawesi, this study was carried out in the Libureng subdistrict, Bone Regency, in 2023. Cattle farmers made up the entire population. Purposive sampling was used to determine a sample of 48 breeders. Using a questionnaire, data were collected through observation and interviews. Mean and percentage were used in the descriptive analysis of the data. The study’s findings revealed that cattle breeders had heard of FMD (41/85.42%), the cattle had FMD (9/18.75%), and the cattle had FMD vaccinations in the previous year (21/50.00%), cattle farmers immunize their cattle annually (35/72.92%), immunization can prevent FMD outbreaks in livestock (44/91.67%), cattle farmers were willing to pay for the FMD vaccine (42/87.5%), the FMD outbreak increases the number of livestock after vaccination (87.50%) and purchasing livestock could spread disease (18.75%).

In order to support farmers, the Indonesian government offers a livestock insurance program called the cattle business insurance (AUTS), which is subsidized by 80 percent. Farmers are responsible for paying the remaining amount, which totals IDR 40,000 per head per year. The objective of this research is to assess the extent to which farmers are willing to contribute to cattle business insurance premiums and to examine the factors that influence their willingness to do so in the village of Timbuseng, located in the Takalar Regency of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. A survey was conducted, targeting 74 households selected through cluster sampling. To determine the willingness of farmers to pay for cattle insurance premiums, we employed the contingent valuation method, and logistic regression was used to analyze the factors that affect this willingness. The independent variables considered in the analysis included age, number of family members, level of education, income, farming experience, and the amount that farmers are willing to contribute as insurance premiums. The study found that the average amount farmers are willing to pay for AUTS insurance premiums is IDR 32,940, which is lower than the government-set rate of about 17.65%, with a participation rate of 37.33%. Factors such as a farmer's age, income and farming experience influence a farmer's willingness to pay cattle farm insurance premiums. Farmers' decisions to pay insurance premiums lower than government-mandated rates may be due to their financial constraints and inability to afford higher premiums. These varying factors highlight the complexity of farmers’ decision-making and the need for customized insurance options that take into account their individual circumstances.

Foot and mouth disease (FMD), which affects cattle and other animals with cloven hooves, is one of the greatest economic threats to agriculture and other businesses. This study sought to understand farmers' understanding and attitude toward FMD. The Bone district, South Sulawesi province was chosen as the site where the research is being done. Purposively, a sample of 41 breeders was selected. Data were collected using observation, questionnaire-assisted interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD). Both open-ended and closed-ended questions were asked. Identity, clinical symptom knowledge, knowledge of the FMD vaccination program, the impact to cattle market price and sources of information on the FMD vaccination program are the topics covered in the questions. The data was handled using the SPSS software version 23, the data was quantitatively and descriptively evaluated using averages, frequencies and percentages. The study's findings indicated that farmers' awareness of the clinical symptoms of FMD was in the high category (78.05%), farmers also had good knowledge of the usage of vaccination (95.12%). All farmers desired to immunize their cattle against FMD (100.00%). Cattle prices have fallen due to the FMD outbreak (92.68%), this shows that the percentage of farmers' knowledge of the impact of FMD on the price of cattle was good, because the price of cattle decreased. Buying and selling livestock can spread the FMD virus (80.49%), this shows that the percentage of farmers' knowledge of the impact of FMD on the spread of FMD virus was good. The local regional government and its employees, including extension agents, veterinarians, and technical officers, were the main sources of information regarding the vaccination program. It is advised that beef breeders receive assistance to prevent additional disease outbreaks.

The purpose of this study was to determine the willingness of beef breeders to pay (WTP) for Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccination. This is due to FMD vaccine limitations. This research was conducted in Bone regency, South Sulawesi in 2023. The population was all beef cattle breeders. The sample was determined purposively as many as 60 breeders. Primary data obtained through observation and interviews using a questionnaire. The secondary data was obtained from reports from the local Animal Husbandry Service and documentation. Data were analyzed descriptively using mean and percentage. The research revealed that WTP for FMD vaccine as many as 56 people (93.3%). WTP for FMD vaccination was dominated by IDR 50,000 (US$ 3.3) as many as 33 person (55.00%).

Tanaman jagung menghasilkan limbah yang sangat berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan menjadi pakan, khususnya hanya untuk ternak ruminansia karena kandungan seratnya tinggi. Salah satu limbah jagung yaitu tongkol jagung. Jika tongkol jagung difermentasi akan merupakan bahan pakan penting untuk sapi pada saat rumput sulit diperoleh, terutama pada musim kemarau. Kegiatan pembuatan fermentasi tongkol jagung sebagai pakan ternak dilakukan pada anggota kelompok ternak Tengnga-Tengngae di desa Labokong,Kecamatan Donri-Donri, Kabupaten Soppeng pada tanggal 4 Agustus 2022. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu penyuluhan dan demontrasi langsung. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa anggota kelompok Tengnga-Tenngae yang berada di desa Labokong, Kecamatan Donri-Donri sangat antusias mengikuti kegiatan pembuatan fermentasi tongkol jagung sebagai pakan ternak

Biosecurity is a measure used by cattle farmers in the prevention of infectious diseases transmission to provide healthy meat to consumers while remaining eco-friendly. Therefore, this study aims at determining the opinions of smallholder cattle farmers regarding biosecurity policies in Bone Regency. This study was conducted in 2021, with a total of 115 beef cattle farmers selected through purposive sampling. The primary and secondary data sources were obtained by observation and in-depth interviews using a questionnaire. Also, the data were processed using the SPSS software version 23 and analyzed descriptively. The results show that biosecurity is essential (79.13%) and should be implemented to improve animal health (47.83%). In addition, 85.22% of beef cattle farmers agreed to apply biosecurity with the aid of proper guidance while 93.04% were willing to join the animal health service.

Biosecurity is one of the policies of the Indonesian government that should be followed on cattle farms to maintain healthy and disease-free cattle. The objective of this research was to identify barriers to adopting biosecurity on smallholder farmers. This research was conducted in the Bone Regency. The study enlisted the participation of 115 beef cattle ranchers. The data was acquired through surveys and observation as well as in-depth interviews. There were total of 17 of questions. The Guttman scale was used to see if biosecurity precautions have been implemented. A score of 1 was given to yes, while a 0 was given to no. The data were processed using SPSS software version 23 and descriptively analyzed by using frequency and percentage table. The results of this research showed that the cattle farmers were dominated by men. The respondents were mostly between the ages of 41 and 50 (58.26%). The majority of the respondents had completed primary school (55.65%). According to the family size, 74.78% of respondents have less than 5 dependents. The experience of raising cattle was dominated by those with fewer than 10 years of experience (60.00%). Mixed farming (87.83%) was the most common way for respondents to make a living. The majority of farmers have less than 5 head (79.13%). Only 33.04% of respondents who did the sanitation of the cage and 84.35% of the cages did not have a fence. The acquired cattle were not quarantined in 93.04% of the cases. The cowshed was opened to the public in 97.38% of cases. The research revealed that the primary barriers to biosecurity adoption were a lack of knowledge (64.35%), insufficient time (20.87%) and high cost (14.78%).

The study aimed to analyze the barriers to implementing biosecurity measures. Biosecurity refers to a collection of procedures designed to keep disease from spreading beyond the farm. Isolation, sanitation, and cage traffic control are all biosecurity strategies. At 2021, this study was carried out in Selli village, Bengo subdistrict, Bone regency, South Sulawesi province. Bone Regency is noted for being the largest livestock supplier in the province of South Sulawesi. A total of 35 people were chosen to be observed and questioned with the help of a questionnaire. The information gathered was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results revealed that only 2.86 percent and 28.57 percent of respondents used quarantine or provided fences or barriers as isolation or segregation methods. Farm visitors were not provided with sanitary facilities. Everyone entering or exiting the cage was not subject to traffic control. The absence of information was the first roadblock to biosecurity adoption (65.71 percent). Then came a lack of time (31.43 percent) and a hefty price (2.86 percent). Therefore, training and extension should be provided by the Animal Hsubandary Services and Private Sectors.

The Cattle Livestock Business Insurance Program aims to provide protection for cattle from the risk of death and loss of cattle. This study aimed to determine the level of satisfaction of farmers with cattle business insurance in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This research was conducted in May 2022. The population is all cattle farmers who follow cattle business insurance in Gowa Regency. The sample is farmers who follow cattle business insurance in Pattalassang sub-district, Gowa Regency amounted 45 people. The research method used was the interview method and FGD (Focus Group of Discussion). The type of data used is qualitative data, namely data in the form of words and quantitative data in the form of numbers or numbers Analysis of the data used with the CSI model. The results show that farmers feel much helped by the existence of AUTS which can minimize the risk of failure in the cattle business, namely the death of the cattle they receive, so that at least it can relieve and not be confused in looking for business capital again. It can also motivate and eliminate the worries of farmers to increase the scale of their business. Farmer satisfaction with AUTS is in the excellent category, which means very satisfied and in accordance with the expectations of farmers, both in terms of service characteristics, personal relationships, service arrangements and customer strength.

Vaccination is one way to prevent disease transmission in livestock. This study was conducted to know the willingness of Balinese cattle farmers to adopt vaccinations from the animal health service unit. The research location was conducted in the Bone district in 2021. The number of samples was 115 farmers who were taken randomly. The primary data came in the form of characteristics of beef cattle farmers and their farms, such as gender, age, education, experience in raising livestock, family size, herd size, contact with veterinarians, and contact with extension workers. The dependent variable was the willingness to adopt vaccination which was measured by dichotomous variables: Yes, if farmers were willing to have their cattle vaccinated, and no, if farmers were not willing to have their cattle vaccinated. The data were processed using SPSS version 23 using the Logit regression model. The results showed that 47.2% of the independent variables affected the dependent variable. The remaining 52.8% was influenced by other factors outside the model. Simultaneously, the dependent variable was affected by the independent variables (P<0.05). Partially, farmers’ age, education, and family size had a significant effect (P<0.05) on whether farmers adopted vaccination from the animal husbandry service unit.

This research aimed to know the business profit analysis of rejected laying hen traders. This research was conducted at the Palakka Central Market located in Bone Regency. The type of research conducted in this research is quantitative. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data, which is data in the form of numbers. Quantitative data includes data on the number of sales, operating costs, and income of rejected laying hens. The population, namely the number of sellers of rejected laying hens amounted to 8 people. The data obtained from the interviews of respondents in the field were processed and tabulated, and then the data were analyzed. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the profit of the highest rejected layer (layer) traders was IDR. 3,454,075 and the least profit was amounting to IDR. 2,594,563 in one month. This profit itself was influenced by the costs incurred by the merchant and the amount sold to the buyer.

A Research of Early Life Nutritional Programming (ELPN) was a two consecutive experiment to elucidate the efficacy of in ovo supplementation (IOS) and neonatal nutrition (NN) on the hatching and post-hatching performances of Kampung chicken (KC). There were 960 hatching eggs were used and randomly divided into 4 experimental groups with 4 hatching periods as replication, using 60 hatching eggs per treatment unit: P0 (negative control), P1 (isotonic saline), P2 (5%Glucose), and P3 (0.5% Glutamine + 5% Glucose). On d7 incubation, a 0.5 ml nutrient solution was injected into the albumen of P1, P2, and P3. A 20 newly hatched chicken (NHC) were selected from each group and treated as NN0 (without) and NN1 (with) neonatal nutrition (NN) composed of 0.1 commercial probiotics, 5% inulin and 10% lysine dissolved in 1L of tap water and provided as drinking water for 4 of 8 week-experiment. The results showed IOS significantly lowered the hatchability compared to the control eggs, but the weight of NHC was not affected (P<0.05). IOS and NN were significantly increased final LBW, from the lightest, 779.42±34.39 g (negative control) compared to the heaviest, 1147.54±81.48 g (IO Gln+Gluk, and NN), which also indicated by a significant better FCR. Structurally, intestinal gross and histomorphometry examinations indicated an increased capacity of digestion and absorption, which indicated an increase the ratio of length/weight of each small intestine segment, and a wider absorption surface area of villus. In conclusion, ELNP resulted in markedly heavier final life bodyweight which is facilitated by digestive structure and function development.