Continuous planting barrier limits the growth of Casuarina equisetifolia (C. equisetifolia), an ecological and economic tree species, yet its microbial mechanism remains unclear. This study revealed microbial-driven barriers by examining the impact of continuous planting on root endophyte communities in C. equisetifolia. The results showed that continuous planting significantly reduced the antioxidant enzyme activities, root activity, and nutrient accumulation in the root system of C. equisetifolia, and inhibited root length and plant height growth. Microbial community analysis revealed that continuous planting led to a significant decrease in the abundance of Nitrobacter, a key endophytic bacterium in the root system, which may weaken the nitrogen metabolism functions mediated by nitrate reduction, nitrogen respiration, and nitrate respiration, and to some extent undermine the nitrogen conversion efficiency of the root system. At the same time, continuous planting promoted the enrichment of pathogenic endophytic fungi (Phomopsis, Pseudocercospora and Diaporthe) in the root system, which may be accompanied by enhanced plant pathogen functions, and this may be associated with a reduction in the antioxidant and nutrient uptake capacities of the C. equisetifolia root system. It was shown that continuous planting inhibited C. equisetifolia growth through a dual microbial mechanism: on the one hand, it reduced functional flora, which may in turn weaken nitrogen metabolism and stress tolerance; on the other hand, it increased pathogenic fungi, which may intensify disease impact. This study offers a new perspective on the microecological mechanism of continuous planting disorder and a theoretical basis for its mitigation via root microbiome regulation.

Continuous monoculture affects elemental uptake in Casuarina equisetifolia (C. equisetifolia). In this study, C. equisetifolia with different numbers of continuous plantings was used to determine multi-element contents in rhizosphere soil, roots, and leaves using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and to assess the physiological indices of the roots and leaves. The effects of continuous planting on the uptake and transport of elements, and physiological characteristics of C. equisetifolia were also analyzed. The results showed that continuous planting of C. equisetifolia significantly reduced the enrichment capacity of its roots and leaves for certain elements. Specifically, continuous planting reduced Na and Ni enrichment in roots and N, K, Mg, Lu, Rb, and Zn enrichment in leaves. In terms of elemental transport, continuous planting resulted in a significant decrease in the transport of Mo, N, Nb, and Sr by C. equisetifolia. Physiological indice results showed that root activity, root cation exchange capacity, chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rate in C. equisetifolia tended to decrease significantly with an increase in the number of continuous plantings. In conclusion, continuous planting reduced the uptake, enrichment, and transport of beneficial elements in C. equisetifolia, which in turn inhibited root growth, decreased photosynthetic capacity, and ultimately stunted plant growth. This study provides an important reference for planting management and elemental regulation in continuous planting systems of C. equisetifolia.

Mineral elements affect tea nutritional and flavor quality, but systematic research on their dissolution behavior and links to volatile and taste profiles in Dahongpao tea is lacking, as is evidence regarding contribution to mineral intake for different populations. In this study, nine Dahongpao teas were brewed five times. Eleven elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with first-order kinetic fitting; volatile profiles were analyzed by electronic nose and taste attributes by electronic tongue; the contribution of tea infusions to dietary reference intakes was estimated from Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (2023). The results showed that electronic nose analysis revealed distinct variation in volatile compound classes among the nine samples, with broad range and sulfur–organic compounds showing the highest response intensities. Electronic tongue analysis showed clear differences in taste profiles, particularly in astringency, umami, and sweetness, across the nine samples. Regarding dissolution behavior, Mg had the highest dissolution rate (67.24–70.94%), while Fe, Ca, K, and Zn were below 10%; dissolution followed first-order kinetics and total dissolved amounts correlated with total contents except for Fe. Network analysis integrating element data with volatile and taste profiles demonstrated that Mg and Mo contents were positively correlated with multiple volatile classes (e.g., sulfur–organic, broad range), while Ca, Mg, and Fe dissolution rates significantly correlated with richness and aftertaste-A, and Mo inversely correlated with sourness and saltiness. Contribution assessment showed that only Ca, K, Mg, and Se could be marginally supplemented, but the tea amounts needed far exceeded typical intake. In summary, element dissolution in Dahongpao tea is co-regulated by brew count and total content, with complex element–flavor interactions. Tea is not a primary mineral source; consumption should be individualized by age and physiological status.

Casuarina equisetifolia is a key pioneer species for tropical and subtropical coastal restoration. Yet, the physiological and microbiome-mediated mechanisms underpinning its responses to varying nitrogen (N) deposition rates remain poorly defined. In an 18-month controlled pot experiment, we applied four N deposition levels (0, 40, 60, and 80 g N m(-2) yr(-1)) to comprehensively assess seedling growth and antioxidant defense, soil chemical properties and enzyme activities, as well as rhizosphere bacterial community structure and network stability, An N input above 60 g N m(-2) yr(-1) significantly reshaped bacterial communities, reducing network robustness by 75 % and shifting them toward acid-tolerant, Proteobacteria-dominated assemblages with lower functional diversity. These bacterial changes were closely linked to the alterations in soil chemistry and plant performance: moderate N (similar to 60 g N m(-2) yr(-1)) doubled available N and sustained bacterial network robustness, correlating with peak aboveground biomass (+95 %) and antioxidant enzyme activities. In contrast, high N (80 g N m(-2) yr(-1)) induced severe soil acidification (pH 3.74), which was associated with lipid peroxidation and root growth suppression. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that N enrichment restructures bacterial communities primarily via soil chemical alterations, which subsequently influence enzyme activity and plant health. Our findings define a quantitative ecological threshold (similar to 60 g N m(-2) yr(-1)) for N management in coastal C. equisetifolia plantations that optimizes growth and stress resilience while avoiding high-N-induced acidification and functional degradation, thereby providing a science-based guide for managing future artificial forests and contributing to the broader biogeochemical threshold framework under global change.

Casuarina equisetifolia, a key species in subtropical coastal shelterbelts, faces serious challenges in sustainable plantation management due to continuous planting obstacles. This study explores how AHL-mediated quorum sensing (QS) influences these obstacles by regulating microbial dynamics in the rhizosphere of continuously planted C. equisetifolia. Results show that with increasing generations of continuous planting, the abundance of QS bacteria-especially pathogenic strains-significantly increased, with notable shifts in community composition. The number of QS isolates rose from 32 (FCP) to 68 (SCP) and 81 (TCP), with Enterobacteriaceae being the most abundant. Among 10 identified QS species, Pantoea ananatis showed the highest AHL activity, while Burkholderia lata had the lowest. Short-chain AHL (C4-HSL and C6-HSL) were most common, with P. ananatis producing the highest diversity and concentration. Pathogenicity tests indicated that seven QS bacteria damaged roots and inhibited water uptake, leading to wilting. In contrast, three Burkholderia species were non-pathogenic. Meanwhile, the abundance of quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria decreased significantly across planting generations (94, 70, to 63), and key QQ strains like Bacillus spp. showed no pathogenicity. These findings suggest that continuous planting enriches pathogenic AHL-mediated QS bacteria while reducing beneficial QQ populations, altering microbial community structure and exacerbating replant issues. This study offers important theoretical insights into the mechanisms behind continuous planting obstacles in C. equisetifolia.

Continuous planting barrier is an important limiting factor for the growth of Casuarina equisetifolia ( C. equisetifolia ), an ecological and economic tree varieties, but its underlying microbial mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study revealed microbial-driven barriers by examining the impact of continuous planting on root endophyte communities in C. equisetifolia . The results showed that continuous planting significantly reduced the antioxidant enzyme activities, root activity, and nutrient accumulation in the root system of C. equisetifolia , and inhibited root length and plant height growth. Microbial community analysis revealed that continuous planting led to a significant decrease in the abundance of Nitrobacter, a key endophytic bacterium in the root system, which weakened the nitrogen metabolism functions mediated by nitrate reduction, nitrogen respiration, and nitrate respiration, and undermined the nitrogen conversion efficiency of the root system. At the same time, continuous planting promoted the enrichment of pathogenic endophytic fungi ( Phomopsis , Pseudocercospora and Diaporthe ) in the root system and enhanced their plant pathogen functions, which further reduced the antioxidant and nutrient uptake capacities of the C. equisetifolia root system. It was shown that continuous planting inhibited C. equisetifolia growth through a dual microbial mechanism: on the one hand, it reduced functional flora, weakening nitrogen metabolism and stress tolerance; on the other hand, it increased pathogenic fungi and intensified disease impact. This study provides a new perspective for analyzing the endogenous microecological mechanism of the continuous planting disorder, and provides a theoretical basis for alleviating the disorder by regulating the root microbial community. IMPORTANCE As an important ecological and economic tree species, the sustainable management of Casuarina equisetifolia plantations is severely challenged by the continuous planting barrier. While prior studies focused on soil changes, the role of root endophytic microbes remains unclear. This study reveals coordinated changes in root endophytic microbial structure and function under continuous planting and their effects on root physiology. Continuous planting disrupts microbial stability and inhibits growth by weakening nitrogen metabolism and promoting disease. These findings deepen understanding of plant–microbe interactions and offer theoretical and practical guidance for alleviating plantation degradation via microbial regulation, aiding the development of healthy, stable, and efficient forest ecosystems.

Coastal sandy soils pose a challenge for microbial nutrient retention due to low organic matter and high leaching. While plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) show promise, their functional synergies in these ecosystems-particularly beyond phosphorus limitation-remain unclear. We investigated their complementary roles in enhancing soil function and Casuarina equisetifolia growth under nutrient-depleted conditions. A 150-day pot experiment evaluated the synergistic effects of PGPR (Paenibacillus kribbensis LB18/LB19, P. cellulositrophicus LB46, Brucella pseudogrignonensis LQ10) and AMF (Funneliformis mosseae) through soil enzymatic activity, nutrient dynamics, and plant growth metrics. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and redundancy analysis (RDA) were employed to dissect soil-plant-microbe interactions. Dual PGPR-AMF inoculation enhanced soil enzymatic activity (dehydrogenase: 1.6-fold; catalase: +57%) and total nitrogen (18.28 mg g-1). However, single inoculation with LQ10 outperformed dual treatments, increasing plant height (+102.2%) and biomass (+254.1%) via root architecture optimization. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis and cellulase activity correlated strongly with nutrient cycling (AN: r = 0.54-0.61; AP: r = 0.56-0.67). SEM identified soil nutrient dynamics (R 2 = 0.506) and antioxidant enzyme networks as growth determinants, with potassium availability (lambda = 0.835) and superoxide dismutase activity (lambda = 0.527) dominating RDA. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that dual inoculation triggered metabolic trade-offs, suppressing host plant secondary metabolism (beta = -0.514) while concurrently enhancing plant physiological resilience, as evidenced by coordinated upregulation of antioxidant enzymes and osmoprotectant levels. Microbial functional traits (e.g., IAA production, cellulolysis) critically regulate soil-plant feedback in nutrient-poor systems. We propose a time-resolved framework for microbial consortia design, where PGPR-AMF synergism is constrained by host carbon allocation thresholds and potassium availability.

N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) serve as key microbial quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules in plant-microbe interactions. In this study, Casuarina equisetifolia Forst. (C. equisetifolia) in continuous planting was used to explore the effects of different concentrations of N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) on its root growth, rhizosphere microenvironment, and microbial community. The results showed that C4-HSL significantly promoted root development of C. equisetifolia in continuous planting, increasing total root length (89.1%), surface area (156.3%), volume (247.1%), tip number (106.0%), and fork number (174.5%). Meanwhile, C4-HSL elevated rhizosphere soil enzyme activities (urease: 78.3%; protease: 32.6%; acid phosphatase: 33.3%) and nutrient availability (available nitrogen: 26.8%; available phosphorus: 21.7%; available potassium: 13.3%). Microbial community analysis showed that C4-HSL altered bacterial community structure, enriching characteristic bacteria such as Pedosphaera, Rhodoplanes, and Gaiella, while enhancing photosynthetic and nitrogen metabolic functions. Structural equation modeling showed that C4-HSL positively regulated characteristic bacterial communities (0.99***), subsequently improving soil enzyme activity (0.90***) and nutrient availability (0.98***), ultimately promoting root growth of C. equisetifolia in continuous planting (0.96***). These findings elucidate the mechanism by which C4-HSL fosters C. equisetifolia growth via a "microbial community-soil function-plant growth" cascade, providing a theoretical foundation for leveraging QS signals to enhance rhizosphere microenvironments and plant productivity.

Casuarina equisetifolia (C. equisetifolia) is an economically important forest tree, and continuous planting has led to changes in soil microbial diversity and function in the rhizosphere of C. equisetifolia, with a decrease in wood volume of >29.0 %, which has constrained the sustainable development of the industry. Viruses regulate soil microbial diversity, nutrient cycling, fertility, and consequently plant growth. In this study, C. equisetifolia with different numbers of continuous plantings was used as research object, and macroviromics techniques were used to analyze the reasons why soil viruses regulate soil nutrient cycling and thus impede the growth of C. equisetifolia in continuous plantings through their own and their effects on host function. It was shown that continuous planting led to a significant increase in the abundance of 10 characteristic viruses of module 1 in the rhizosphere soil of C. equisetifolia. After parasitizing the host microorganisms, these characteristic viruses reproduced by lysis, and at the same time contributed to a significant decrease in soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and respiration intensity, a significant decrease in soil nutrient cycling and resistance-related enzyme activities, which in turn led to a decrease in available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of the soil, as well as a significant decrease in the plant height, root length and dry weight of C. equisetifolia. It can be seen that the reproduction mode of the characteristic viruses affects the host number and function, reduces the supply of soil nutrients, and hinders the growth of C. equisetifolia after continuous planting. This study reveals for the first time the different roles of viral propagation strategies in continuous planting and provides a new paradigm for the study of "virus-microbe-plant" interactions.

Allelopathic autotoxicity in coastal shelterbelt soils threatens the growth of Casuarina equisetifolia. To address this, we constructed a library of multi-functional bacterial strains enriched on a mixed phenolic acid substrate (vanillic acid: ferulic acid: gallic acid: p-coumaric acid: salicylic acid = 32:6:19:5:8). We evaluated their synergistic phenolic acid degradation, plant growth promotion, and antifungal activities both in vitro and in 100-day greenhouse pot trials. In vitro, Caballeronia arvi strain W3 removed over 99 % of all five phenolic acids, secreted up to 19.1 mg L- 1 indole-3-acetic acid, and 66.4 U min- 1 protease. In pots, Caballeronia arvi strain W3 significantly reduced foliar malondialdehyde by 43.5 %, increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities by 215 % and 254 %, respectively, and enhanced plant height and dry biomass by 259 % and 371 % compared with the control. Paenibacillus sp. strain W18 restored seed germination from 7.6 % to 55.2 % and raised root viability from 0.138 to 9.27 U g- 1 h- 1 relative to the control. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that bacterial treatment directly drove phenolic acid degradation, which markedly improved soil attributes and rhizosphere community composition, thereby enhancing plant antioxidant and osmotic responses and ultimately growth. These results provide quantitative criteria for targeted microbial remediation of allelopathic soils in coastal shelterbelts.

Acyl homoserine lactones (AHL), which are extensively studied quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules in Gram-negative bacteria, play a significant role in regulating plant growth and shaping the rhizosphere ecosystem. In this study, we investigated the effects of continuous planting across multiple generations of the Australian pine Casuarina equisetifolia (Casuarinaceae) on AHL accumulation in its rhizosphere soil. The study aims to identify key AHL and further employs an exogenous supplementation approach to assess their influence on the growth of C. equisetifolia and the associated rhizosphere soil ecosystem. Our findings reveal a progressive increase in total AHL content, rising from 1.76 to 3.65 ng/g with continuous planting generations. The key AHL that significantly alter rhizosphere soil properties under continuous planting conditions are identified as C4-HSL, 3-oxo-C10-HSL, 3-oxo-C12-HSL, and 3-oxo-C14-HSL. Following exogenous treatment with C4-HSL, an increase in its concentration was correlated with a significant enhancement in both the root length and plant height of C. equisetifolia. Conversely, treatments with 3-oxo-C10-HSL, 3-oxo-C12-HSL, and 3-oxo-C14-HSL resulted in a significant reduction in these growth parameters. While all four key AHL contributed positively to the proliferation of soil fungi and actinobacteria, their effects on bacterial populations exhibited variability. Following the exogenous application of the four key AHL, a significant reduction in the activities of urease and protease in the soil was observed. In contrast, the activities of acid phosphatase and cellulase were enhanced, leading to a decrease in the soil's available nitrogen and potassium content, while the available phosphorus content increased. Interaction effect analysis reveals that these key AHL collectively exert a strong positive regulatory effect on soil microbial abundance (0.979**). Furthermore, soil microorganisms show a significant positive correlation with soil enzyme activity (0.997**), whereas soil enzyme activity exhibits a strong negative correlation with the soil's available nutrient content (-0.995**). Additionally, the soil's available nutrient content positively regulates the growth of C. equisetifolia (0.970**). The inhibitory effect of continuous planting on C. equisetifolia growth primarily stems from reduced 3-oxo-C10-HSL levels coupled with elevated 3-oxo-C12-HSL and 3-oxo-C14-HSL concentrations in the rhizosphere. This alteration leads to a decrease in the bacterial population within the soil, which significantly reduces the activities of soil urease and protease, as well as the availability of nitrogen and potassium in the rhizosphere of C. equisetifolia. Consequently, these changes result in markedly diminished root length and dry weight of C. equisetifolia. This study provides a critical theoretical framework for the exogenous application of AHL to modulate C. equisetifolia growth in forest ecological system.

The effects of continuous planting on the growth of Casuarina equisetifolia (C. equisetifolia) have severely restricted the sustainable development of the industry. In this study, we investigated the diversity and functional changes of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere soil of continuously planted C. equisetifolia and their effects on soil nutrient transformation and C. equisetifolia growth. The results showed that after continuous planting, C. equisetifolia growth was significantly inhibited, the activities of nutrient transformation-related enzymes in rhizosphere soil were reduced, available nutrient content of the soil decreased, and soil bacterial diversity decreased, while fungi diversity increased. After continuous planting, 9 genera of significantly altered characteristic bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of C. equisetifolia were functionally enriched in animal parasites or symbionts, aromatic compound degradation, and nitrate reduction, with contributions mainly from the 3 characterisic bacteria such as Planctopirus, Bacillus, and Acinetobacter. After continuous planting, 7 genera of significantly altered characteristic fungi in the rhizosphere soil of C. equisetifolia were functionally enriched in soil saprotroph, lichen parasite, undefined saprotroph, endophyte, animal pathogen, wood saprotroph, litter saprotroph and plant pathogen, with contributions mainly from the 6 characteristic fungi such as Aspergillu, Fusarium, Saitozyma, Tolypocladium, Mortierella, and Funneliformis. Functional analysis and PLS-SEM equation analysis showed that the growth inhibition of C. equisetifolia due to continuous planting was the result of the joint action of the characteristic bacteria and fungi, but there was a difference between the functions of the two. The function of characteristic bacteria was mainly to provide conditions for the propagation of pathogenic organisms, which reduced soil nutrient content and hindered nutrient uptake by C. equisetifolia. The function of characteristic fungi was primarily to damage soil texture, nourish pathogenic bacteria to infest C. equisetifolia, and damage the root system to inhibit nutrient uptake. Characteristic bacteria and fungi together accelerated the effect of continuous planting on the growth of C. equisetifolia. This study provides an important reference for the cultivation regulation of continuously planted C. equisetifolia.

To promote the growth of Casuarina equisetifolia and address the abnormalities in the structure and func-tion of rhizosphere soil microbial community,we isolated eight strains with multiple functions from the root nodules of C.equisetifolia,including nitrogen fixation(N),production of cell wall-degrading enzymes(protease and cellu-lase),auxin(IAA)production,siderophore production,ammonia(NH3)production,and phosphate solubiliza-tion.Among these strains,LB08,LB18,LB19,LB42,LB46,LB63,and LB69 were identified as Paenibacillus species,while LQ10 was identified as a Brucella sp.Results of seed soaking experiments showed that all the eight strains promoted the growth of C.equisetifolia seedlings.Strain LB69 significantly increased the germination rate and seedling vigor by 19.7％and 28.3％,respectively.Strain LQ10 significantly enhanced root length and root vigor by 48.2％and 334.4％,respectively.Strains LB 18 and LB42 had the strongest effects on early shoot length and bio-mass accumulation,with increases of 22.4％and 32.8％,respectively.After seed soaking,the number of isozymes bands of polyphenol oxidase,superoxide dismutase,and peroxidase increased,with some bands showing enhanced intensity and increased diversity of enzyme isoforms,thereby enhancing stress resistance.In summary,the addition of these eight strains promoted plant growth and antioxidant enzyme activity,indicating their potential role as biofer-tilizers.

Continuous planting is unavoidable in agricultural production, but continuous planting affects plant growth and physiological characteristics. In this study, we analyzed rhizosphere soil nutrients, physiological characteristics, hormone metabolome changes and their interactions of Casuarina equisetifolia (C. equisetifolia) with the increase of continuous planting number. The results found that C. equisetifolia root was significantly inhibited, the plant height was dwarfed and the biomass was significantly reduced as continuous planting number increased. Secondly, continuous planting caused a decrease in the rhizosphere soil nutrient transformation capacity, and a significant decrease in the total soil nutrient and available nutrient content. Analysis of physiological indexes showed that continuous planting resulted in a decrease in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, a decrease in the activity of physiological indexes of resistance, and a decrease in photosynthetic capacity of C. equisetifolia leaves. Hormone metabolome analysis showed that continuous planting critically affected the accumulation of five characteristic hormones in C. equisetifolia leaves, in which salicylic acid 2-O-β-glucoside (SAG), 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid (OxIAA), trans-zeatin-O-glucoside (tZOG) and gibberellin A3 (GA3) content decreased significantly while abscisic acid (ABA) content increased significantly. In conclusion, continuous planting lowered the rhizosphere soil nutrient transformation capacity of C. equisetifolia, lowered the soil available nutrient content, inhibited their root growth, and hindered the nutrient uptake and transportation by the root, thus led to the decrease of the nutrient accumulation capacity in the leaves of C. equisetifolia, and the decrease of SAG, OxIAA, and tZOG, GA3 synthesis ability decreased, ABA accumulated in large quantities, C. equisetifolia resistance and photosynthesis ability decreased, and their growth was impeded. This study provides insights for the effective management of continuous planting in the cultivation of C. equisetifolia.

Acidification can seriously affect the growth of tea trees and the yield and quality of tea leaves. In this study, we analyzed the effects of acidification on the physicochemical properties, microorganisms and metabolites of tea rhizosphere soils with different pH values, and the results showed that with the increase of soil pH, the organic matter content, cation exchange capacity, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, microbial respiration intensity, bacterial number and actinomyces number in tea rhizosphere soil all showed an increasing trend, while the fungi number decreased. The results of soil metabolite analysis showed that 2376, 2377 and 2359 metabolites were detected in tea rhizosphere soil with pH values of 3.29, 4.74 and 5.32, respectively, and the number of similar compounds reached 2331, accounting for more than 98%. The results of soil metabolite content analysis showed that with the increase of soil pH, the total contents of metabolite of tea rhizosphere soil increased significantly. The results of correlation analysis between physicochemical indexes of soil and microorganisms and soil metabolites showed that physicochemical indexes of soil and microorganisms were significantly correlated with 221 soil metabolites, among which 55 were significantly positively correlated and 166 were significantly negatively correlated. Based on correlation interaction network analysis, 59 characteristic compounds were obtained and divided into 22 categories, among which 7 categories compounds showed a significant increasing trend with the increase of soil pH, while the other 15 categories compounds showed the opposite trend. Based on the functional analysis of characteristic metabolites, this study found that with the increase of soil pH in tea rhizosphere, the diversity and number of soil microorganisms increased, and the cyclic ability of C and N of tea rhizosphere soil was enhanced, which in turn might lead to the enhancement of resistance of tea tree and promote the growth of tea tree.

基于乡村振兴中高层次创新型人才严重短缺的现状,本文以福建农林大学生态学为例,针对研究生培养过程中存在的问题,以服务乡村振兴人才培养为需求,围绕地方农林院校乡村振兴人才培养目标,开展乡村振兴背景下生态学研究生教学培养路径的创新与实践,并取得了显著成效,对于提高生态学研究生培养质量具有重要作用,可为服务福建生态文明建设和乡村振兴提供重要支撑.

Background: Exploring the spatial and temporal evolution patterns of regional ecosystem service functions and their main drivers can provide effective support for formulating regional ecological conservation policies and coordinating sustainable economic–ecological development. Methods: This study quantifies the service functions of the water production, soil conservation, carbon storage, habitat quality, and net primary productivity (NPP) in the study area based on the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) model and the Carnegie–Ames–Stanford Approach (CASA) model and constructs a comprehensive index for ecosystem services (CES) based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to reflect the total supply of various ecosystem services spatially and explore the main driving mechanisms of their spatial variation. The main driving mechanisms of the spatial variation were investigated. Results: (1) Water production in the study area from 2010 to 2020 showed a trend of increasing before decreasing, soil retention showed a trend of continuously decreasing, carbon storage and biotope quality showed a trend of decreasing before increasing, and the NPP showed a trend of continuously increasing. (2) The mean CES of the study area from 2010 to 2020 (0.5398, 0.5763, 0.5456) showed a trend of increasing before decreasing. The improvement areas were mainly concentrated in the western, southwestern, and northeastern parts of the study area, and the degraded areas were mainly distributed in the southeast and northwest. (3) The fit of the geographically weighted regression (GWR) was higher than that of the ordinary least squares (OLS) in all the periods, and the main driving factors affecting the spatial variation in the CES were the NDVI and tea plantation area (T-Area). Conclusion: This study constructed the CES model, explored the regional CES spatiotemporal evolution pattern and its main driving mechanism, and provided a reference basis for promoting the high-quality development of specialized tea regions.

In order to fully comprehend the impact of soil acidification on the quality of tea, further analyses are essential and are of the utmost importance to the cultivation of tea trees and the simultaneous enhancement of tea quality. In May 2022, Tieguanyin tea trees planted in soils with different pH levels were selected as the research object of this study to analyze the effect of soil pH on the soil chemical index, soil fertility and the aroma quality of tea leaves. The results showed that the organic matter content, cation exchange capacity and the available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents in the rhizosphere soil of the tea trees decreased significantly with decreasing soil pH levels (5.32–3.29), while the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents did not change significantly. The results of an aroma quality analysis showed that the aroma of the Tieguanyin tea was mainly floral, and the formation of floral odor characteristics was mainly derived from geraniol. The results of an interaction network analysis showed that the soil chemical indexes were significantly positively correlated with geraniol and floral aromas except for the total phosphorus and total potassium contents. In conclusion, with a decrease in the pH of soil, the soil’s cation exchange capacity, organic matter content and available nutrient content showed decreasing trends which, in turn, hindered the synthesis of geraniol and reduced the floral odor characteristics of tea leaves.

根据新时代地方院校建设需求,加强高校大学生劳动教育是培养高素质复合型人才的重要环节.在充分调研我国高校劳动教育现状的基础上,探索了地方院校大学生劳动教育课程体系的构建与创新.以福建农林大学生命科学学院为试点,依据新时期对当代大学生劳动教育的具体要求,探究高校劳动教育的重要元素,构建适应时代要求且具备学校特点的劳育课程体系;推动劳育与学科、专业特色有效整合,探索系统建构高校"四层面"劳动教育体系和"四元化"劳育课程体系.

Continuous planting has a severe impact on the growth of Casuarina equisetifolia. In this study, the effects of three different long-term monocultures (one, two and three replanting) on the physicochemical indexes, microbial functional diversity, and soil metabolomics were analyzed in C. equisetifolia rhizosphere soil. The results showed that rhizosphere soil organic matter content, cation exchange capacity, total and available nitrogen, total and available phosphorus, and total and available potassium contents significantly decreased with the increasing number of continuous plantings. The evaluation of microbial functional diversity revealed a reduction in the number of soil microorganisms that rely on carbohydrates for carbon sources and an increase in soil microorganisms that used phenolic acid, carboxylic acid, fatty acid, and amines as carbon sources. Soil metabolomics analysis showed a significant decrease in soil carbohydrate content and a significant accumulation of autotoxic acid, amine, and lipid in the C. equisetifolia rhizosphere soil. Consequently, the growth of C. equisetifolia could hinder total nutrient content and their availability. Thus, valuable insights for managing the cultivation of C. equisetifolia and soil remediation were provided.