Cuticular wax is essential for maintaining postharvest quality in berry fruits. This study used SEM, wax composition analysis, transcriptomics, and hormone profiling to examine dynamic wax deposition and its regulatory network across five developmental stages of goji berry (Lycium barbarum L. Ningnongqi 16). Wax content and composition changed significantly, peaking at the late yellowing stage. Genes involved in wax biosynthesis showed expression patterns that first increased and then declined, consistent with wax accumulation trends. WGCNA identified key transcription factors, including LbWRKY48 and LbMYB86, and their potential regulatory relationships with wax biosynthesis genes such as LbKCS6 and LbAD1. Hormone analysis revealed that ACC and 28-HBL were positively correlated with wax accumulation, while GA3 showed a negative correlation. Overall, this study elucidates stage-specific wax deposition and its coordinated regulation by gene expression and hormonal signals, providing a theoretical basis for improving fruit storability through postharvest regulation.

Abscisic acid (ABA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) play a crucial role in promoting the wound healing of postharvest fruit induced by mechanical damage. In this study, we comprehensively assessed the mechanism of inhibition of the development of quality deterioration in wounded kiwifruit fruits by 0.5 mM MeJA and ABA treatments at the transcriptional, metabolic, and physiological levels. The results revealed that the ABA- and MeJA -treated fruit exhibited significantly increased L* value and firmness, while demonstrating decreased weight loss rate, soluble solids content, and electrolyte leakage rate, along with delayed Botrytis cinerea infection. Transcriptomic and metabolomic data indicated that ABA and MeJA primarily promoted the lignin biosynthesis pathway, suberin biosynthesis pathway, and flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, while suppressed the reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism pathway and cell wall degradation pathway, in terms of related gene expression and metabolite profile, and the reliability of the transcriptomic data was validated by RT-qPCR experiments. Correlation analysis confirmed predominantly positive correlations among genes, metabolites, and phenotypes. This study confirmed that ABA and MeJA promote wound healing through synergistic actions across multiple pathways, providing theoretical support for research on the physiological and biochemical mechanisms and related key genes underlying ABA- and MeJA-promoted wound healing in kiwifruit.

Wound suberin formation is integral to the healing process of postharvest fruit injuries. A comprehensive understanding of suberin synthesis mechanisms and their regulatory factors is essential to address the increasing preservation demands. This review systematically examines the biosynthetic pathways, regulatory elements, and functional roles of suberin in postharvest contexts. Suberin biosynthesis predominantly involves the phenylpropanoid and fatty acid metabolic pathways, generating aliphatic polymers fortified by polyphenolic compounds. The modulation of pathway enzymes by specific regulatory and transcription factors facilitates the augmentation of suberin production. Functionally, suberin acts as a barrier against water loss and fungal invasion, thereby preserving postharvest quality. Drawing on current research, this paper delineates prospective research directions, including the elucidation of suberin assembly and transport mechanisms, the identification of negative regulatory processes, and the investigation of multi-hormone co-regulatory networks.

The lack of effective quality maintenance technology is the main issue in the storage and preservation of goji berry. This study was conducted on the physiological indicators, metabolism of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial redox processes of goji berry over a 15-day storage period to evaluate the impact of a low-voltage electrostatic field (LVEF) on their postharvest quality. Analysis of the transcriptome showed that LVEF resulted in higher expression of genes linked to reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial redox metabolism, while inhibiting the transcription of genes linked to cell wall metabolism and the ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathway in goji berry. Moreover, LVEF prevented an increase in conductivity and the peroxidation of membrane lipids, while reducing the production rate of superoxide anion O2 center dot- (126.7 mmol min- 1 g-1) and H2O2 (0.75 mu mol g- 1) levels. LVEF treatment significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) (1.12-fold), catalase (CAT) (1.37-fold), peroxidase (POD) (1.58-fold), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (1.02-fold), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity. In addition, LVEF increased the mitochondrial NAD(P)+ levels, decreased the NAD(P)H levels, and increased the NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H ratio. The study suggested that the post-harvest storage quality of goji berries can be improved via LVEF, which achieves this by regulating ROS metabolism and mitochondrial redox metabolism.

This study aimed to investigate the changes in physicochemical properties, bioactivities and metabolites of fermented goji juice (FGJ) by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus at different fermentation stages. The results showed that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus fermentation significantly decreased the content of soluble protein, total phenolic, total flavonoid and total sugar. Meanwhile, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability and the inhibition rate of xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity were remarkably enhanced by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus fermentation. Flavor profiles analysis indicated that FGJ produced novel volatile compounds such as 4-methylpentanol and 2-butanol, which provide its distinct aroma. The non-targeted metabolomics analysis showed that the differential metabolites in the FGJ28 vs. FGJ0 group were mainly included 1,7-bis (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) heptan-3-yl acetate, isoplumbagin, triacetylresveratrol, sulochrin, indole-3-acetaldehyde, etc., which might have an effect on the promotion of the bioactivity of goji juice. These findings will contribute to understanding the biotransformation effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus fermentation on goji juice.

Sesame cake and meal, byproducts of the sesame oil process industry and mainly used as feed and fertilizer, are often not optimally utilized and are wasted when the material could be used as a high-quality protein source. This research primarily emphasizes the preparation of a sesame protein-based adhesive with urea and glyoxal modification to use as a wood adhesive. The performance and characterization of the urea and glyoxal modified sesame protein adhesive (USP and GUSP, respectively) were measured precisely. After glyoxal was added, the water resistance of the GUSP adhesive was significantly enhanced, reaching the standard for Type II plywood. The formaldehyde emission test showed that the GUSP adhesive could be utilized as a formaldehyde-free wood adhesive, having a significantly lower than the demand of the E0 level (i.e., 0.5 mg/L). Furthermore, increasing the glyoxal content in the adhesives enhanced the thermal stability but not significantly. A substance with a crosslinking structure was formed from the reaction between the sesame protein and glyoxal, which enhanced the water resistance. Meanwhile, the fractured structure of the GUSP adhesive having a compact surface also was propitious to enhance the water resistance. Thus, the GUSP adhesive could be used as a novel adhesive in plywood fabrication.

With sesame protein as raw material,sesame protein adhesive was prepared by urea modifica-tion. The effects of urea concentration,material-liquid ratio,reaction time and reaction temperature on apparent viscosity and adhesion strength of sesame protein adhesive were studied through single factor ex-periment. And the optimal preparation conditions were determined through orthogonal experiment as fol-lows:urea concentration 3 mol/L,material-liquid ratio 1:8,reaction time 4 h and reaction temperature 25℃.Under the optimal conditions,the wet adhesion strength was 0.78 MPa,achieving the requirement of type II plywood (≥0.70 MPa) of national standard.

Sesame protein (SP) is a new renewable resource for wood adhesives because of its brilliant performance, which is non-toxic and harmless to human health during the process of using plywood. This study was focused on the application of sesame protein to produce wood adhesive via urea and zinc oxide (ZnO) modification. The pH value, solid content, apparent viscosity, bonding strength, infrared spectra, thermal stability, and fracture surface of urea-modified sesame protein adhesives in the absence of ZnO (USP) and in the presence of ZnO (ZUSP) were investigated in detail. The results suggested that the pH value and solid content of the ZUSP adhesives increased, whereas the apparent viscosity of the ZUSP adhesives showed an increasing trend when ZnO was introduced. The wet shear strength of the ZUSP adhesives improved remarkably, which achieved the required value for interior use (>= 0.70 MPa), which was in accordance with the China National Standard. The infrared spectra (FTIR) indicated that the chelation reaction occurred between the USP adhesive and ZnO that improved the water resistance. The thermal stability of the ZUSP adhesives was better than that of the USP adhesive, as confirmed by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). After ZnO was introduced, the fracture surface of the ZUSP adhesives became more compact as compared to that of the USP adhesive, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The ZUSP adhesive is a favorable potential candidate as a green-adhesive for the plywood industry, which will promote the utilization of sesame protein.

对非洲芝麻样品组成成分及芝麻油的品质进行了分析.结果表明:非洲芝麻中脂肪含量最高的为Rakai 23芝麻,粗蛋白含量最高的为Agou 86芝麻,草酸含量最少的为Agou 86芝麻,灰分含量最少的为Dossou 3芝麻,千粒重最重的为San 54芝麻;非洲芝麻压榨芝麻油酸价整体偏高,过氧化值整体偏低,碘值最高的为Rakai 23芝麻油,折光指数和皂化值差别不大;非洲芝麻油脂肪酸组成基本一致,不饱和脂肪酸含量最高的为Rakai 23芝麻油;非洲芝麻油木脂素类物质含量最多的为San 54芝麻油,维生素E含量最高的为Agou 86芝麻油.