BACKGROUND:Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) causes substantial yield losses of soybean worldwide. Although Pseudomonas chlororaphis IRHB3 is known to promote soybean growth and suppress fungal diseases, however, its efficacy against SMV has remained unclear. This study evaluated IRHB3 impacts on SMV infection and explored the underlying physiological and molecular mechanism. RESULTS:Foliar application of IRHB3 significantly reduced SMV disease index, with control efficacy of 52.69%, and decreased viral accumulation in inoculated and systemic leaves. IRHB3 also alleviated SMV-induced growth inhibition and partially rescued yield-related traits. Mechanistically, IRHB3 preserved chloroplast ultrastructure and mitigated photosynthetic damage, increasing net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll contents by 29.95%, 36.11%, and 24.31%, respectively, relative to SMV-infected plants, while also improving chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPSII), electron transport rate (ETR), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm)). In parallel, IRHB3 elevated antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and thereby alleviated oxidative damage. IRHB3 also up-regulated photosynthesis-related genes and activated defense-associated genes in the jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways. CONCLUSION:These results indicate that IRHB3 protects soybean against SMV through coordinated effects on viral accumulation, chloroplast integrity, photosynthetic performance, redox homeostasis, and hormone-mediated immunity, highlighting its potential as a biocontrol agent for viral diseases management in soybean. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

Soybean-maize strip relay intercropping (RI) facilitates an additional harvest of soybean while stabilizing maize yields through optimized resource allocation, representing a crucial approach for expanding soybean cultivation and improving soybean productivity in China. However, the impact of RI on the nutritional quality of soybean seeds and the associated regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, differences in the metabolomic profiles and nutritional quality of soybean seeds between the RI system and an equivalent-density soybean sole cropping system (SC) were investigated based on three years of field experiments. Results showed that the nutritional quality of soybean seeds from the RI system is significantly enhanced compared to those from the SC system, with increases of 6.97, 21.89, 22.80, 19.18 and 10.94% in the levels of oil, soluble sugars, isoflavones, carotenoids and total carbon, respectively. Conversely, protein content slightly decreased by 2.15%. Metabolomic analysis revealed that RI promotes metabolic pathways associated with carbon fixation and the formation of nutritional quality in soybean seeds. Further artificial shading treatments confirmed that spatiotemporal changes in light conditions within the RI soybean canopy are critical drivers of these improvements. Temporally, shading from maize during the vegetative stage of soybeans decreased light availability in the canopy; however, light recovery following maize harvest increased this availability during the reproductive stage, resulting in a 4.82% increase in carbon fixation in RI seeds compared to SC seeds. Spatially, maintaining a spacing of ≥60 cm between soybean and maize strips effectively mitigated the shading impacts of maize, thereby reducing the marginal disadvantage for soybeans. After maize harvest, the wide-narrow-row configuration improved light conditions in the middle and lower parts of the soybean canopy, alleviating intraspecific shading and enhancing marginal advantages. This effect, akin to light enrichment, led to a 3.51% increase in carbon fixation in RI seeds compared to SC seeds. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that RI alters carbon-nitrogen dynamics and secondary metabolism through the synergistic regulation of temporal light recovery and spatial light enrichment, ultimately enhancing the nutritional quality of soybean seeds. These findings provide a theoretical basis for optimizing strip intercropping systems and promoting the sustainable production of high-quality soybean seeds.

Soybean is an important global crop used for oil, food, and feed production. To increase yield and land-use efficiency, growers often plant soybean at a high density or use intercropping systems. Under these systems, soybeans frequently experience shade stress, which directly affects agronomic traits such as plant height. Although researchers have well documented the genetic basis of plant height under normal conditions, the loci responsible for height variation under shade stress remain largely unexplored. Therefore, we performed a restricted two-stage multi-locus multi-allele genome-wide association study (RTM-GWAS) using SNP linkage disequilibrium block (SNPLDB) markers to identify QTLs associated with soybean plant height under shade stress. We evaluated a natural population of 181 soybean accessions for plant height traits under both normal and shaded conditions across four environments for three years. Using the Soybean40K chip, we derived 11,463 SNPLDB markers and identified 42, 33, and 28 significant SNPLDBs associated with plant height, average internode length, and number of main-stem nodes, respectively. For each SNPLDB, we estimated haplotype (allele) effects and assembled QTL-allele matrices to summarize the population's genetic composition. Four SNPLDB loci proved stable across multiple environments, exhibiting high -lg(p) values and explaining substantial phenotypic variation. Finally, we projected that 80 candidate genes resided within 180 kb of these stable loci, and we identified four strong candidate genes linked to plant height traits based on combined positional and functional evidence. These results clarify genetic factors that influence soybean height under shading and could aid development of high-yielding soybean varieties.

Branching is a key determinant of high-yield plant architecture in soybean, particularly in maize- soybean relay strip intercropping where plants experience an “initially shaded–then fully illuminated” light regime. However, the genetic regulation of branching responses to shading remains poorly understood. We evaluated 11 branching-related traits across 202 soybean accessions grown under monoculture (SS) and relay strip intercropping (RI). Branch number (BN), branching incidence (BI), and total branch length (TBL) were assessed together with stress tolerance indices (STI) and relative distance plasticity index (RDPI). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using mixed linear model (MLM) and three-variance-component MLM (3VmrMLM) were combined with haplotype and protein structural analyses to refine candidate genes. Based on Pearson correlation analysis of all 11 traits, BN, BI, and TBL measured before maize harvest showed the strongest and most consistent associations with branch seed weight within the corresponding cropping system (BSW_SS under SS and BSW_RI under RI), whereas other traits showed weaker or environment-dependent associations. Higher STI values calculated from these traits during the co-growth phase were negatively associated with BSW_RI, suggesting weaker compensatory recovery after light restoration in genotypes with more stable early branching patterns between SS and RI. In contrast, mediation analysis indicated that RDPI was positively associated with BSW_RI mainly through improved mature branching architecture (MB_index), which accounted for approximately 70

This study explores the molecular mechanisms by which trans-zeatin (tZ), a cytokinin, influences shade stress responses in shade-sensitive and shade-tolerant recombinant inbred lines (RILs) 160 and 165 of soybean (Glycine max) under varied light conditions. Using an integrative multi-omics approach combining metabolomics and transcriptomics, we elucidate the regulatory networks underlying soybean adaptation to shade stress. Using an integrative multi-omics approach that combines metabolomics and transcriptomics, we dissect the complex regulatory networks that enable soybean plants to adapt to shade stress. Our results demonstrate that tZ significantly affects growth, biomass accumulation, photosynthetic efficiency, and yield in soybean plants. Metabolomic analysis revealed that shade stress impacts key metabolic pathways, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, flavone and flavonol, anthocyanin, and brassinosteroid biosynthesis, with tZ treatment enhances the adaptive responses of soybean plants. Transcriptomic data further identified differential gene expression in these pathways, alongside those related to hormone-mediated signaling pathway, cell wall biogenesis, and defence response pathways underlining the molecular adjustments to tZ and shade stress. Importantly, the integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics data revealed key KEGG pathways and genes regulated by tZ treatment in RIL 160 under shade stress, including significant alterations in phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, hormone-mediated signaling pathway, cell wall biogenesis and defence response, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and fatty acid degradation pathways as well key responsive transcription factors. This study provides insights into the role of tZ in mediating soybean responses to shade stress at the molecular level, offering insights into improving soybean resilience to low light conditions and informing future agricultural practices for optimizing crop yield.

The fruiting stage of soybean (Glycine max L.) is critical for determining both its yield and quality, thereby influencing global production. While some studies have provided partial explanations for the occurrence of Fusarium species on soybean seeds and pods, the fungal diversity affecting soybean pods in Sichuan Province, a major soybean cultivation region in Southwestern China, remains inadequately understood. In this study, 182 infected pods were collected from a maize–soybean relay strip intercropping system. A total of 10 distinct pod-infecting fungal genera (132 isolates) were identified, and their pathogenic potential on soybean seeds and pods was evaluated. Using morphological characteristics and DNA barcode markers, we identified 43 Fusarium isolates belonging to 8 species, including F. verticillioides, F. incarnatum, F. equiseti, F. proliferatum, F. fujikuroi, F. oxysporum, F. chlamydosporum, and F. acutatum through the analysis of the translation elongation factor gene (EF1-α) and RNA polymerases II second largest subunit (RPB2) gene. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis, incorporating the Internal Transcribed Spacer (rDNA ITS), β-tubulin (β-tubulin), Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH), Chitin Synthase 1 (CHS-1), Actin (ACT), Beta-tubulin II (TUB2), and Calmodulin (CAL) genes distinguished 37 isolates as 6 Colletotrichum species, including C. truncatum, C. karstii, C. cliviicola, C. plurivorum, C. boninense, and C. fructicola. Among these, F. proliferatum and C. fructicola were the most dominant species, representing 20.93% and 21.62% of the isolation frequency, respectively. Pathogenicity assays revealed significant damage from both Fusarium and Colletotrichum isolates on soybean pods and seeds, with varying isolation frequencies. Of these, F. proliferatum, F. acutatum, and F. verticillioides caused the most severe symptoms. Similarly, within Colletotrichum genus, C. fructicola was the most pathogenic, followed by C. truncatum, C. karstii, C. cliviicola, C. plurivorum, and C. boninense. Notably, F. acutatum, C. cliviicola, C. boninense, and C. fructicola were identified for the first time as pathogens of soybean pods under the maize–soybean strip intercropping system in Southwestern China. These findings highlight emerging virulent pathogens responsible for soybean pod decay and provide a valuable foundation for understanding the pathogen population during the later growth stages of soybean.

Fluctuating light (FL) conditions particularly the diurnal alternation between shaded and high-light periods are intrinsic to intercropping systems and impose substantial regulatory challenges on crop photosynthesis. However, the cultivar-specific mechanisms underlying adaptation to such dynamic light environments remain largely unexplored. Here, we examined how the duration of midday high-light exposure modulates the coordination between cyclic electron flow (CEF) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in two soybean cultivars grown under simulated intercropping light regimes. Plants were exposed to morning shade followed by either short (T30) or prolonged (T150, T200) midday high-light treatments. All treatments triggered common photoprotective responses, including increased energy dissipation (DIo/CSm, +18.7–22.3%) and reduced electron transport efficiency (ETo/CSm, −14.2–17.5%). Yet, the cultivars exhibited distinct photoregulatory strategies depending on light duration. The light-adapted cultivar ND12 rapidly established a proton gradient (ΔpH; 34.8% faster) and sustained higher PSII efficiency (ETRII, +41.5%) under brief high-light exposure, indicating a preemptive ΔpH priming mechanism. In contrast, the light-sensitive GX7 required extended high-light duration (T200) to induce CEF (+60.5%) and plastoquinone pool expansion (+22.0%), suggesting a delayed, duration-dependent adjustment strategy. These cultivar-specific responses ultimately enhanced photosynthetic performance by 34.8–52.4% under FL conditions. Our findings offer mechanistic insights into how midday light duration shapes genotype-dependent photosynthetic regulation, providing a physiological basis for optimizing light utilization in intercropping systems.

Streptomyces spp. are renowned for producing biologically active compounds and serving as biological control agents against plant diseases. In a previous study, Streptomyces strain IRHB6, isolated from the soybean rhizosphere, exhibited significant inhibitory activity against mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum, the causative agent of soybean root rot. To further characterize its biocontrol potential, we conducted comprehensive in vitro and in vivo assays to evaluate antagonistic effects on multiple phytopathogens, and assess plant growth-promoting capabilities. Our results showed that strain IRHB6 exhibited a colony morphology characterized by a wrinkled, rough surface texture and was identified as Streptomyces virginiae through multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). The strain produced hydrolytic enzymes, siderophores, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and exhibited phosphorus-solubilizing activity. A dual-cultural confrontation assay revealed that IRHB6 exhibited antagonistic traits against phytopathogens, particularly, Fusarium species responsible for soybean root rot and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae for kiwifruit canker. The induced expression of biosynthetic genes for siderophore pyoverdine (pvdA) as well as antibiotic polyketide (T1PKS/NRPS-like and T2PKS) further substantiates its capacity for producing bioactive compounds against phytopathogens. Furthermore, treatment with IRHB6 cell suspension significantly promoted plant growth. Critically, IRHB6 conferred substantial protective capabilities against Fusarium root rot. Based on these findings, S. virginiae IRHB6 represents a promising biocontrol agent for soil-borne disease as well as plant growth promotion.

为探讨玉米-大豆带状复合间套作荫蔽条件下不同大豆的耐荫特性,筛选出适宜带状间套作模式利用的大豆品种,以59个大豆品种的7个苗期性状和10个成熟期性状为研究对象,通过室内模拟玉米-大豆套作模式,以及大田设置大豆净作和玉米-大豆带状间作两种模式,进行大豆苗期和成熟期耐荫性评价.结果表明,采用隶属函数法分别计算大豆苗期和成熟期的综合耐荫性评价值(D),可利用系统聚类的方法根据D值大小将59个大豆分为3类,第一类是强耐荫类型,第二类是中度耐荫类型,第三类是弱耐荫类型.在玉米-大豆带状间作和套作模式下,分别筛选出两个时期耐荫性一致、抗倒性好且产量较高的材料,包括强耐荫材料油春1112,中度耐荫材料圣育25、南农G906、华豆43、南农99-6和南农1823.

Shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) is an important measure of how plants respond to shade. Shade conditions are characterized by low light density and low red-to-far-red light (R/FR) ratio. However, low light intensity and low R/FR ratio play considerable and diverse roles in SAS. In the present study, soybean plants were grown in the presence and absence of additional FR at two light levels to investigate the different effects on soybean plants. Compared with normal light intensity, net photosynthetic rate significantly decreased in low light, but increased in low R/FR ratio. Chlorophyll a fluorescence transient curves showed that the absorption of light flux increased under low light intensity and low R/FR ratio, whereas the number of photo reaction centers decreased under low light intensity. In addition, the content of porphyrins and chlorophyll metabolites (magnesium protoporphyrin IX, protochlorophyllide, and chlorophyll a and b) was significantly enhanced by low light intensity and the relative gene expression levels of protoporphyrin IX magnesium chelatase, chlorophyll a oxygenase and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductases involved in the porphyrin pathway were significantly increased. The inhibitory effects of low light on the photosynthetic rate and biomass of soybean plants were alleviated by a low R/FR ratio. A low R/FR ratio optimized light capture and achieved efficient light energy utilization under low light intensity by fine-tuning the chlorophyll level and the relative gene expression level of critical chlorophyll biosynthesis-related enzymes.

Plant photosynthetic capacity directly determines crop yield. Light quality regulates photosynthetic capacity. This review discusses plant responses to far-red light from the phenotypic to the molecular level, focusing specifically on the improvement of photosynthetic capacity by adjustment of photosynthetic electron transport and the path of light energy. Far-red light can also regulate leaf angle and increase plant height and leaf area, via expression of associated genes, to capture more light energy. Thus, far-red light regulates plant morphology and photosynthetic capacity. Identifying the mechanism of this regulation may lead to increased crop yields.

Background The dynamic of soil-borne disease is closely related to the rhizosphere microbial communities. Maize-soybean intercropping can suppress soybean root rot as compared to monoculture. However, it is still unknown whether rhizosphere microbial community participates in the regulation of intercropped soybean root rot. Methods In this study, the difference of rhizosphere Fusarium and Trichoderma community was compared between healthy or root-rotted soybean rhizosphere soil from soybean monoculture and maize-soybean intercropping, and the inhibitory effect of potential biocontrol Trichoderma against pathogenic Fusarium were examined.

Excessive rainfall provides a favorable condition for field mold infection of plants, which triggers field mold (FM) stress. If FM stress occurs during the late maturation stage of soybean seed, it negatively affects seed yield and quality. To investigate the responses of soybean seed against FM stress and identify the underlying biochemical pathways involved, a greenhouse was equipped with an artificial rain producing system to allow the induction of mold growth on soybean seed. The induced quality changes and stress responses were revealed on the levels of both transcriptome and metabolome. The results showed that soybean seeds produced under FM stress conditions had an abnormal and inferior appearance, and also contained less storage reserves, such as protein and polysaccharide. Transcriptional analysis demonstrated that genes involved in amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid, β-oxidation of fatty acids, and isoflavone biosynthesis were induced by FM stress. These results were supported by a multiple metabolic analysis which exhibited increases in the concentrations of a variety of amino acids, sugars, organic acids, and isoflavones, as well as reductions of several fatty acids. Reprogramming of these metabolic pathways mobilized and consumed stored protein, sugar and fatty acid reserves in the soybean seed in order to meet the energy and substrate demand on the defense system, but led to deterioration of seed quality. In general, FM stress induced catabolism of storage reserves and diminished the quality of soybean seed in the field. This study provides a more profound insight into seed deterioration caused by FM stress.

The dynamic of soil-borne disease is closely related to the rhizosphere microbial communities. Maize–soybean relay strip intercropping has been shown to significantly control the type of soybean root rot that tends to occur in monoculture. However, it is still unknown whether the rhizosphere microbial community participates in the regulation of intercropped soybean root rot. In this study, rhizosphere Fusarium and Trichoderma communities were compared in either healthy or root-rotted rhizosphere soil from monocultured and intercropped soybean, and our results showed the abundance of rhizosphere Fusarium in intercropping was remarkably different from monoculture. Of four species identified, F. oxysporum was the most aggressive and more frequently isolated in diseased soil of monoculture. In contrast, Trichoderma was largely accumulated in healthy rhizosphere soil of intercropping rather than monoculture. T. harzianum dramatically increased in the rhizosphere of intercropping, while T. virens and T. afroharzianum also exhibited distinct isolation frequency. For the antagonism test in vitro, Trichoderma strains had antagonistic effects on F. oxysporum with the percentage of mycelial inhibition ranging from 50.59–92.94%, and they displayed good mycoparasitic abilities against F. oxysporum through coiling around and entering into the hyphae, expanding along the cell–cell lumen and even dissolving cell walls of the target fungus. These results indicate maize–soybean relay strip intercropping significantly increases the density and composition proportion of beneficial Trichoderma to antagonize the pathogenic Fusarium species in rhizosphere, thus potentially contributing to the suppression of soybean root rot under the intercropping.

The soil combined pollution of heavy metals and fluorine has become a global environmental issue. However, the spatial distribution and response modes of microorganisms under this pollution remain unclear. In this study, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and geostatistics on ArcGIS platform were combined to investigate the spatial patterns and relationships of Cd, Zn and F with microorganisms in soils. Results showed that spatial distributions of total and available Cd, Zn and F in soil generally presented decreased trends away from phosphogypsum stack, while soil microbial α-diversity indexes showed opposite spatial patterns. Sixteen representative microbial genera displayed five spatial distribution characteristics with the three pollution elements, and exhibited three typical response modes including tolerance, uncorrelation and sensitivity to the combined contamination. Moreover, the pollution could decrease the abundances of some moderate and rare microbial communities for they are more susceptible, and interfere with the corresponding ecological processes. Besides, the spatial correlation analysis can better reflect the spatial relationship between pollution elements and microorganisms than the Spearman analysis. These findings could better explore the distribution patterns and response modes of microorganisms to the combined pollution by integrated HTS and spatial correlation.

明确套作大豆种腐病菌的种类及其致病性,对于防治大豆种腐病,提高大豆产量和品质具有重要意义.于2016～2018年从四川仁寿、崇州、南充等地收集大豆种腐病的病籽粒,通过组织分离与纯化,基于形态特征、rDNA ITS和EF-1α序列分析以及致病性测定,鉴定四川套作大豆种腐病的病原菌种类.结果表明:分离获得的70株菌株被鉴定为藤仓镰孢菌Fusarium fujikuroi、木贼镰孢菌F.equiseti、亚洲镰孢菌F.asiaticum、大豆茎溃疡病菌Diaporthe phaseolorum和大豆北方茎溃疡病菌D.phaseolorum var.caulivora,分离频率分别为62.86％、21.43％、10％、4.29％和1.43％.致病性检测表明,各代表菌株均能够侵染套作大豆南豆12,引起种子腐烂,发芽率降低,芽长变短,且以F.asiaticum和D.phaseolorum接种后菌丝覆盖面积、发病率和病情指数最高.本研究初步明确了镰孢菌属Fusarium spp.和间座壳属Diaporthe spp.是四川套作大豆种腐病的致病菌,为大豆抗种腐病品种选育及病害防治提供了依据.

Mildew severely reduces soybean yield and quality, and pods are the first line of defence against pathogens. Maize-soybean intercropping (MSI) reduces mildew incidence on soybean pods; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Changing light (CL) from maize shading is the most important environmental feature in MSI. We hypothesized that CL affects isoflavone accumulation in soybean pods, affecting their disease resistance. In the present study, shading treatments were applied to soybean plants during different developmental stages according to various CL environments under MSI. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging (CFI) and classical evaluation methods confirmed that CL, especially vegetative stage shading (VS), enhanced pod resistance to mildew. Further metabolomic analyses and exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and biosynthesis inhibitor experiments revealed the important relationship between JA and isoflavone biosynthesis, which had a synergistic effect on the enhanced resistance of CL-treated pods to mildew. VS promoted the biosynthesis and accumulation of constitutive isoflavones upstream of the isoflavone pathway, such as aglycones and glycosides, in soybean pods. When mildew infects pods, endogenous JA signalling stimulated the biosynthesis of downstream inducible malonyl isoflavone (MIF) and glyceollin to improve pod resistance.

随着现代生物技术、信息技术和工程技术等在农业上的应用,种子科学与工程专业人才培养面临新的机遇和挑战.结合新农科建设背景,通过走访调研、横向纵向对比,综合分析发现种子科学与工程专业普遍存在现有人才培养方案不能完全适应现代农业对人才的需求以及人才培养与社会需求出现脱节的问题.为了增强新农科背景下学生能力综合性,技能的实用性和先进性,学校通过实施"两中心三层级四主线"大力提高学生培养质量,即以为学生成长成材为中心,种业产业需求为中心;通过分析学生学习和认知规律,对初级大一、中级大二、高级大三大四按"三层级"进行分阶段能力培养;从课程建设、实习实践体系、第二课堂延伸和专业思政"四主线"上进行改革探索.

Predicting grain yield and protein content of maize using spectral reflectance data is very important for improved agricultural production. In this study, we predicted the grain yield and protein content of maize grown under different irrigation and nitrogen levels in 2018 and 2019 based on canopy spectral reflectance measurements at the V6 (sixth leaf), VT (tassel), and R2 (blister) stages. We developed a predictive approach, namely, spectral reflectance-physiological parameters-productivity, to predict grain yield and protein content on maize crop. First, the quantitative relationships between grain yield and protein content and physiological parameters (canopy chlorophyll content [CCC], leaf carbon accumulation [LCA], leaf nitrogen content [LNC], and leaf nitrogen accumulation [LNA]) were analysed. Then, vegetation indices (VIs) and wavelet features based on spectral reflectance were used to establish estimation models for physiological parameters. The physiological parameters were used as a bridge to connect the spectral reflectance data with grain yield and protein content. The purpose was to establish spectral inversion models to indirectly estimate grain yield and protein content. Results showed that grain yield had a significant linear relationship with CCC and LCA. In addition a grain protein content and LNC and LNA were also significantly related under different water, and nitrogen availability. The physiological parameter models with ratio vegetation indices (RVI), biorthogonal 3.3 (bior3.3), and reverse biorthogonal 1.5 (rbio1.5) were reliable in terms of predictability and applicability. Independent data verification suggested that grain yield was predicted using RVI769,758 (R-2 = 0.773, RMSE = 2.509) in water availability, rbio1.5(781,29) (R-2 = 0.744, RMSE = 2.850) in nitrogen availability, and rbio1.5(772,11) (R-2 = 0.506, RMSE = 2.297) in water-nitrogen availability. In addition, the grain protein content was predicted using RVI793,757 (R-2 = 0.704, RMSE = 0.744) in water availability, bior3.3(743,19) (R-2 = 0.717, RMSE = 0.957) in nitrogen availability, and RVI492,418 (R-2 = 0.715, RMSE = 1.224) in water-nitrogen availability. Therefore, maize grain yield and protein content can be accurately predicted using our modelling approach.

为明确大豆受根腐病致病尖孢镰孢菌侵染后的生理生化反应及其与大豆抗性的关系,本试验采用带菌高梁粒接种法,在抗感大豆品种幼苗受尖孢镰孢菌侵染后0,7,15 d时,检测根部和地上部组织中过氧化物酶活性(POD)、可溶性糖、丙二醛(MDA)、叶绿素和木质素含量等指标的变化情况.结果表明:抗病品种和感病品种的可溶性糖和MDA相对含量均降低;但抗病大豆品种的叶绿素相对含量、根部木质素相对含量及POD活性明显高于感病品种;叶绿素、MDA、木质素、POD与大豆根腐病抗性有关.