The application of apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) derived from stem cell in skin wound healing has garnered significant attention. In recent decades, scholars have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) established intercellular communication by carrying proteins or microRNAs, the role of lipids in EVs in wound healing has yet to be clarified. Here, we focus on the key role of group X secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-X) in lipid metabolism. Specifically, sPLA2-X significantly increased the production of the anti-inflammatory lipid mediators, resolvin D5 (RvD5), by hydrolyzing phospholipids in ApoEVs. This change not only promoted the uptake of ApoEVs by macrophages, but also effectively inhibited the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in macrophages, promoting the healing of skin wounds. In summary, this study contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms by which ApoEVs support skin defect repair and offers a potential theoretical approach for using ApoEVs in skin wound treatment. With further research and optimization, it is expected that more efficient and secure ApoEVs-based treatment strategies will be developed, bringing new breakthroughs in clinical treatment of skin injuries and related diseases.

Objective This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Taohong Siwu decoction (THSWD) in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by using comprehensive analysis.Methods The active components and relevant targets of THSWD were analyzed by network analysis to construct the active component-target-disease network diagram. Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were conducted on the core targets by the Metascape database. Molecular docking verification was used for molecular visualization.Key findings A total of 69 active compounds and 114 targets were filtered in lung cancer treatment with THSWD. KEGG analysis suggested that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, and apoptosis pathway played critical roles. The results of molecular docking showed that populoside_qt with IL-6, baicalein with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and luteolin with MAPK8 had the strongest binding ability. Moreover, experiment validation revealed that THSWD regulated the expression of IL-6, AKT, Cyclin D1, E-cadherin, and LC3A/B, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and migration ability, promoting apoptosis, and blocking the cell cycle of NSCLC cells.Conclusions The potential targets and molecular mechanisms of THSWD in the treatment of NSCLC were preliminarily revealed by a comprehensive analysis in this study, which will provide new ideas and methods for the study of the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating lung cancer.

Periodontitis is recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease, with aging emerging as a significant risk factor. Cellular senescence plays a crucial role in the biological process of aging. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is characterized by a series of pro-inflammatory factors, chemokines, and proteases, which are hallmark characteristics of senescent cells. These factors collectively alter the local environment, impacting the function of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Procyanidin B2 (PB2), the main dimer of oligomeric procyanidins, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. The molecular mechanisms through which PB2 exerts its protective effects against periodontitis remain incompletely understood. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of PB2 on the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs within an inflammatory environment. To simulate a chronic inflammatory condition, PDLSCs were stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide (Pg. LPS). The findings indicated that PB2 significantly alleviated the inflammatory responses, enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and upregulated the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs stimulated by Pg. LPS. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) revealed that Pg. LPS influenced the cell cycle, cellular senescence, and NF-κB signaling pathways. In contrast, PB2 treatment reduced the number of senescent cells and diminished the expression of senescence-associated proteins and genes. Western blot analysis verified that PB2 also decreased the levels of CCR7 and suppressed the NF-κB signaling pathways. In conclusion, PB2 targeted CCR7 expression to inhibit the SASP through NF-κB signaling pathway, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory and osteogenic properties, positioning PB2 as a promising therapeutic option for the adjuvant treatment of periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE To analysis the relationship between periodontitis (PD) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by bioinformatic analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the gene expression profiles of PD (GSE16134) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and OSCC samples from TCGA-HNSC (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma) and identified common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PD and OSCC. Then, functional annotation and signaling pathway enrichment, protein interaction network construction, and hub gene identification were performed. Subsequently, the function and signaling pathway enrichment of hub genes, miRNA interaction, and transcription factor interaction analyses were carried out. We analyzed GSE10334 and GSE30784 as validation datasets, and performed RT-qPCR experiments simultaneously for validation, and obtained 4 hub genes. Finally, immune infiltration analysis and clinical correlation analysis of 4 hub genes and related miRNAs were performed. RESULTS We identified 31 DEGs (16 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated). 4 hub genes were obtained by RT-qPCR and validation dataset analysis, including IL-1β, CXCL8, MMP12 and MMP13. The expression levels of them were all significantly upregulated in both diseases. The functions of these genes focus on three areas: neutrophil chemotaxis, migration, and CXCR chemokine receptor binding. Key pathways include IL-17 signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions pathway. Immune infiltration analysis showed that the expressions of 4 hub genes were closely related to a variety of immune cells. ROC curve analysis indicated that AUCs of 4 hub genes are all greater than 0.7, among which MMP12 and MMP13 were greater than 0.9. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that worse OS was strongly correlated with CXCL8 and MMP13 high expression groups. MMP12 low expression group was strongly associated with worse OS. The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, N stage, CXCL8, MMP12, and MMP13 were independent prognostic factors for OS. We also identified 3 miRNAs, including hsa-miR-19b-3p, hsa-miR-181b-2-3p, and hsa-miR-495-3p, that were closely related to 4 hub genes. Hsa-miR-495-3p is closely related to the diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC. CONCLUSIONS We identified 4 hub genes between PD and OSCC, including IL-1β, CXCL8, MMP12, and MMP13. These genes may mediate the co-morbid process of PD and OSCC through inflammation-related pathways such as the IL-17 signaling pathway. It is worth noting that CXCL8, MMP12 and MMP13 have great significance in the diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC.

目的:研究静态牵张力通过长链非编码RNA linc01135调节炎症来源牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的机制.方法:使用RT-qPCR法检测加载静态牵张力后牙周膜干细胞中linc01135的表达水平.使用慢病毒转染的方法调节linc01135和mir-106a-5p的表达水平,RT-qPCR法检测成骨相关基因的表达水平以及使用茜素红染色实验检测细胞的成骨分化能力.AGO2-rip和双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证linc01135与mir-106a-5p的结合互作.结果:炎症来源牙周膜干细胞加力后linc01135表达水平降低,RT-qPCR和茜素红染色结果表明linc01135过表达促进细胞的成骨分化能力,mir-106a-5p抑制细胞的成骨分化能力,AGO2-rip和双荧光素酶报告实验表明linc01135可以与mir-106a-5p结合互作.结论:炎症条件下静态牵张力通过下调linc01135,降低了linc01135对mir-106a-5p的内源性结合作用,进而抑制细胞的成骨分化.

Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play important roles in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and can respond to mechanical stress. Our previous study demonstrated that periodontal ligament stem cells derived from periodontitis tissue (pPDLSCs) are more sensitive to static mechanical strain (SMS) than those derived from healthy tissue (hPDLSCs) and reported the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles of pPDLSCs exposed to SMS. An increasing number of lncRNAs have been reported by various studies to be associated with the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Many studies have demonstrated that the n6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification exerts important effects on lncRNA and mRNA regulation of cell behaviors. However, the regulatory effects of lncRNA and mRNA m6A modification on PDLSCs have not been studied. Therefore, we performed an m6A microarray assay with pPLDSCs and hPDLSCs exposed to 12% SMS and found that 143 lncRNAs and 739 mRNAs were differentially methylated. These RNAs were thought to be involved in multiple differentiation and inflammatory responses. Moreover, we found that METTL3, an essential protein in the m6A system, was expressed at lower levels in the strain-exposed pPDLSCs than in strain-exposed hPLDSCs, and METTL3 promoted the osteogenic differentiation of pPDLSCs.

With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) , as one of the most representative epigenetic modifications, widely exists on a variety of biological macromolecules and is fully involved in the regulation of various biological processes. As a regulator of life process, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) participates in the regulation of various physiological processes and the development of diseases. Recently, m6A methylation modification was found on some lncRNAs, which affected the structure and function of lncRNA itself, and had different effects on a variety of diseases. Here, we reviewed the regulatory role of lncRNA m6A methylation in a variety of diseases, and made a prospect of its application in stomatology.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE:Relationship between facial attractiveness and facial components is not completely clear. The aim was to analyze the correlation between facial attractiveness and facial components assessed by laypersons and orthodontists. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The attractiveness of 100 adult patients (50 males and 50 females with their frontal, lateral, and frontal smiling photos), before orthodontic treatment, was assessed by 24 laypersons and 24 orthodontists using visual analog scale. Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS:When laypersons assessed, a significant correlation was found between facial attractiveness and the chin (r = 0.671), eyes (r = 0.669), lips (r = 0.585), hair (r = 0.527), teeth (r = 0.338), and nose (r = 0.247); the chin was responsible for 45.1% of the variation in facial attractiveness, the eyes for 14.3%, and the lips for 0.8%. When orthodontists assessed, a significant correlation was found between facial attractiveness and the lips (r = 0.789), eyes (r = 0.646), hair (r = 0.613), chin (r = 0.565), nose (r = 0.264), and teeth (r = 0.221); the lips were responsible for 62.2% of the variation in facial attractiveness, the eyes for 8.2%, the chin for 1.4%, and the hair for 0.5%. CONCLUSION:When laypersons evaluate, the chin contributes the most to facial attractiveness, and when orthodontists evaluate, the lips contribute the most. Whether in the evaluation of laypersons or orthodontists, the contribution of teeth to facial attractiveness is significantly less than that of the lips and chin.

The aim of the present study was to assess the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-4784 in the chondrocytes of early osteoarthritis (OA) and to determine the effect of double-stranded (ds)-miRNA-4784 transfection on chondrocyte function. Following the construction of an OA rabbit model, normal chondrocytes (normal control group), OA chondrocytes obtained 4 weeks after modeling (OA at week 4 group) and 8 weeks after modeling (OA at week 8 group) were used. The relative expression of miRNA-4784 in each group was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Western blotting was performed to measure the expression of type II collagen (Col2a1) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 in each group with or without ds-miRNA-4784 transfection. The results revealed that the levels of miR-4784 in groups OA at week 4 and 8 were significantly lower than that of normal control group (P<0.05). It was also demonstrated that Col2a1 mRNA expression levels in groups OA at week 4 and 8 were 49 and 38% of that in the normal control group, respectively. Furthermore, MMP-3 mRNA expression levels increased by 3.12- and 3.95-fold in groups OA at week 4 and 8, respectively, compared with those in the normal control group (P<0.01). Following transfection with ds-miRNA-4784, Col2a1 mRNA expression levels increased by 63 and 126% compared with the levels prior to treatment in groups OA at week 4 and 8, respectively (P<0.01). The expression levels of MMP-3 mRNA in groups OA at week 4 and 8 decreased following transfection compared with the levels prior to treatment. Col2a1 and MMP-3 protein expression exhibited similar patterns to the mRNA expression. In summary, the results of the present study suggest that miRNA-4784 expression is significantly reduced in early stage OA chondrocytes. Transfection with ds-miRNA-4784 promotes the expression of Col2a1 and inhibits the MMP-3 expression in chondrocytes.

A hot issue in current research regarding stem cells for regenerative medicine is the retainment of the stemness and multipotency of stem cell. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are characterized by an angiogenic switch that induces angiogenesis and further ameliorates the local microenvironment in ischemic organs. This study investigated whether EPCs could modulate the multipotent and differential abilities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro and in vivo. We established an EPC/MSC indirect Transwell coculture system and then examined the effects of EPCs on the regulation of MSC biological properties in vitro and bone formation in vivo. The in vitro studies showed that cocultured MSCs (coMSCs) display no overt changes in cell morphology but an enhanced MSC phenotype compared with monocultured MSCs (monoMSCs). Our studies regarding the cellular, molecular, and protein characteristics of coMSCs and monoMSCs demonstrated that EPCs greatly promote the proliferation and differentiation potentials of coMSCs under indirect coculture condition. The expression of the pluripotency factors OCT4, SOX2, Nanog, and Klf4 was also upregulated in coMSCs. Furthermore, coMSCs combined with fibrin glue showed improved bone regeneration when used to repair rat alveolar bone defects compared with monoMSC grafts in vivo. This study is the first to demonstrate that EPCs have dynamic roles in maintaining MSC stemness and regulating MSC differentiation potential.

ObjectiveTo compare the chairside time among domestic 3B, Damon Q self-ligating and 3B straight wire brackets.Methods80 orthodontic patients were enrolled in the study. 20 patients were treated with domestic 3B self-ligating brackets, 20 patients with Damon Q self-ligating brackets, 20 patients with straight wire brackets ligated by ligature wires, and 20 patients straight wire brackets ligated by elastomeric rings. After aligning the maxillary and mandibular dentitions, a NiTi rectangular arch wire of 0.018 *0.025 inch was inserted into the brackets, and the time of ligation and deligation was recorded. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the chair-side time of archwire ligation and deligation for the four groups.ResultsThe ligation , deligation and total time of 3B self-ligating bracket group was significantly less than that of ligature wire group and elastomeric ring group (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the ligation , deligation and total time between domes-tic 3B and Damon Q self-ligating brackets (P>0.05). ConclusionThe chairside time of 3B self-ligating bracket group was significantly less than that of ligature wire group and elastomeric ring group, but closed to the Damon Q self-ligating bracket group.

目的 比较不同分辨率锥形束CT(CBCT)和全景片在根尖吸收诊断中的差异.方法 选取160颗单根前磨牙,用以模拟4种不同程度的根尖吸收:无(完整的牙根)、轻度(根尖区近中、远中、颊面、舌面1.0 mm直径和深度的洞形)、中度(0.4、0.8、1.2、1.6 mm根尖缩短)、重度(2.4、2.8、3.2、3.6 mm根尖缩短).模拟完成后,对所有牙齿拍摄CBCT(0.2和0.3 mm分辨率)和全景片获取3组X线图像.经校正后,3名正畸临床医师通过对图像资料的分析对所有样本的根尖吸收程度进行诊断.采用McNemar检验对比分析采用不同成像技术诊断不同程度根尖吸收的正确率.结果 采用全景片诊断全部根尖吸收样本的正确率为57.5％,而采用0.2和0.3 mm分辨率CBCT的正确率分别为85％和81.3％.对全部样本的诊断,0.2 mm分辨率CBCT和全景片以及0.3 mm分辨率CBCT和全景片的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).然而,对无、轻度、重度和全部根尖吸收样本的诊断,0.2和0.3 mm分辨率CBCT间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 相比于全景片,CBCT对根尖吸收具有更高的检出率.在根尖吸收的诊断中,0.2和0.3 mm分辨率CBCT诊断效能无明显差异,但0.3mm分辨率CBCT对患者的辐射水平更低.

目的:探讨以口腔健康教育和窝沟封闭为主要内容的中西部地区儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目对二年级小学生龋病的预防作用.方法:随机选取襄阳市樊城区5所小学二年级学生共546人,记录(第一次检查)所有学生口腔保健知识知晓分数、是否正确刷牙和第一磨牙的龋坏情况.随机选择2所学校(学生222人)为对照组,对照组学生不作任何干预.另3所学校(学生324人)为干预组,干预组所有学生首先接受口腔健康教育,然后对其中2 38名学生(窝沟组)进行第一磨牙窝沟封闭,剩余86人(教育组)未进行窝沟封闭.两年后,对选取的546名学生进行第二次检查.结果:第一次检查保健知识知晓分数、正确刷牙率和第一磨牙龋均,对照组、教育组和窝沟组两两比较均无明显统计学差异.第二次检查中,干预组的保健知识知晓分数、正确刷牙率均明显高于对照组(P＜0.01);教育组和对照组的第一磨牙龋均无明显统计学差异(P＞0.05);窝沟组的第一磨牙龋均明显低于对照组.结论:中西部地区儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目可显著减少龋病的发生,从而预防儿童龋病.

It is well‑known that estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) affects numerous metabolic pathways and biological functions in the body, although the function of ERRα in the mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCCs) of the temporomandibular joint remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ERRα on the biological characteristics of MCCs in female rats. Immunofluorescent staining was used to observe the expression level and distribution of ERRα in MCCs and tissues. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to detect the impact of estrogen intervention on the biological characteristics of female rat MCCs and ERRα expression levels. Liposome transfection and XCT‑790 were used to overexpress and inhibit ERRα expression, respectively, and then qPCR was performed to detect changes in the biological characteristics of MCCs. ERRα expression was detected in the nucleus and cytoplasm of rat MCCs. 17‑β estradiol (E2) (10‑8 M) increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of ERRα, Sox9, GDF‑5 and aromatase during in vitro MCC cultivation. In addition, E2 affected MCC proliferation through the regulation of ERRα expression levels. Overexpression of ERRα positively regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of Sox9 and GDF‑5, but did not exhibit a significant effect on the mRNA and protein expression levels of aromatase and Col2a1. In conclusion, ERRα exhibited an important regulatory role in the proliferation and differentiation of female Sprague‑Dawley rat MCCs in vitro through regulating Sox9 and GDF-5.

Objective: To compare the attitudes toward orthodontic treatment between adolescents and adults.Methods: Standardized questionnaires on attitude toward orthodontic treatment were sent to 304 patients in Xiangyang City.The data were analyzed statistically.Results: 288 questionnaires were returned.The adults had more aims about orthodontic treatment than the adolescents.A higher percentage of adults considered that malocclusion might influence the dental health than the adolescents did.Conclusion: The desire of adults for orthodontic treatment were higher than that of the adolescents.

L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (VDCC(L)) play an important role in the maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis, and influence multiple cellular processes. They have been confirmed to contribute to the functional activities of osteoblasts. Recently, VDCC(L) expression was reported in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), but the role of VDCC(L) in MSCs is still undetermined. The aim of this study was to determine whether VDCC(L) may be regarded as a new regulator in the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat MSC (rMSCs). In this study, we examined functional Ca(2+) currents (I(Ca)) and mRNA expression of VDCC(L) in rMSCs, and then suppressed VDCC(L) using nifedipine (Nif), a VDCC(L) blocker, to investigate its role in rMSCs. The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs were analyzed by MTT, flow cytometry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Alizarin Red S staining, RT-PCR, and real-time PCR assays. We found that Nif exerts antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on rMSCs. ALP activity and mineralized nodules were significantly decreased after Nif treatment. Moreover, the mRNA levels of the osteogenic markers, osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), were also down-regulated. In addition, we transfected α1C-siRNA into the cells to further confirm the role of VDCC(L) in rMSCs, and a similar effect on osteogenesis was found. These results suggest that VDCC(L) plays a crucial role in the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rMSCs.

由于第一恒磨牙在咀嚼、颌骨定位导向和正畸支抗等方面功能独特[1],临床上第一磨牙拔除后的正畸治疗对我们正畸医生是个挑战.作者对2000～2006年接诊87例患者的正畸治疗进行分析,现报道如下:

由于人类颌骨退化、先天性疾病和牙齿替换异常等原因,埋伏阻生牙日益增多.埋伏阻生牙是矫治中的难点,矫治设计也较独特.我们通过观察40例埋伏阻生牙的矫治效果,作以下的临床分析.

1 病例选择 1 199病例均来自我院门诊.根据患牙引起的临床症状和体征,分成急性炎症期及慢性炎症期2组.急性炎症期的病例伴轻度张口受限或不伴张口受限,初诊,未曾治疗.包括牙周脓肿、急性冠周炎、急性根尖周炎等.分别观察统计两组病例拔牙所需时间,术中疼痛及术后恢复时间.拔牙计时为麻醉显效常规消毒后拔牙操作开始至牙齿脱位.术中疼痛分为无痛、可忍受、难以忍受3级.术后常规使用抗生素,观察局部肿胀、张口受限、拔牙创愈合及全身反应等.

目的:探讨平面导板配合直丝弓矫治对牙根吸收的影响。方法:随机选择66例经过直丝弓矫治的成年非拔牙患者,其中33例配合使用平面导板治疗。治疗前后拍全口曲面断层片,分别测量2组治疗前后下颌4个切牙的牙根吸收等级,并经过计算机进行χ2检验。结果:2组正畸治疗后均有明显的牙根吸收,治疗前后牙根吸收等级有显著性差异（P＜0.01）。治疗后2组间牙根吸收等级也有显著性差异（P＜0.01）。结论:直丝弓配合平面导板矫治组较单独使用直丝弓矫治的牙根吸收更严重。