Botrytis cinerea is one of the most destructive pathogens that cause serious damage to fruits and vegetables. The effective management of B. cinerea thus requires the continuous development of new fungicides with novel structures or distinct modes of action. This study on nitropyridine chemistry led to the discovery of 6Bc-5 (HNPC-A0073). 6Bc-5 exhibits excellent fungicidal potency against B. cinerea (EC50 = 0.47 mg/L), superior to or comparable to the commercial products, such as procymidone, boscalid, and fluopyram. Notably, 6Bc-5 probably operates through a distinct fungicidal mechanism that does not affect energy metabolism but instead potently suppresses the ribosome biogenesis pathway of pathogenic fungi. This mechanism also allows 6Bc-5 to demonstrate a low toxicity to mammals, bees, and birds.

Pyrimidifen is an excellent commercial acaricide, but it is not low toxic to mammals. Trifluoroethyl thioether derivatives exhibit excellent bioactivity, and flupentiofenox is the first commercially available trifluoroethyl thioether acaricide. To search for novel pesticides, we conducted research around pyrimidifen and flupentiofenox. By introducing trifluoroethyl thioether and F, Cl, CH3 substituents at different positions on the benzene ring, we successfully introduced trifluoroethyl thioether into the pyrimidine derivatives. Further optimization resulted in compound T7 (HNPC-A188)(5-chloro-6-(difluoromethyl)-N-(2-(2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thio)phenoxy)ethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine). HNPC-A188 exhibits excellent acaricidal activity with LC50 values of 0.19 mg/L against Tetranychus urticae, which can be compared with the commercial acaricide cyenopyrafen (LC50 = 0.13 mg/L).

With the increasing evolution of pesticide resistance, pyrimidinamine derivatives are considered promising agricultural compounds because of their outstanding activity and their mode of action which is different from other fungicides. But diflumetorim, the commercial pyrimidinamine fungicide, is not effective in controlling corn rust (Puccinia sorghi). In this study, a series of pyrimidinamine derivatives were designed and synthesized using pyrimidifen as a template according to the bioisosterism. The new compounds showed excellent fungicidal activity. Among these compounds, (S)-5-chloro-6-(difluoromethyl)-2-methyl-N-(1-((5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin- 2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine, T33, had the best control effect on corn rust with EC50 values of 0.60 mg/L, versus commercial fungicide tebuconazole (1.65 mg/L). The synthesis, characterization, and activity data of the compounds are presented in the text, and the structure-activity relationships are discussed.

Aphis fabae is a widespread pest that has more than 200 hosts in the world, belongs to hemiptera, for stinging suction mouthparts, harm buds, young leaves, and flower buds. Pyrimidine derivatives have the advantages of insecticidal, bactericidal, herbicidal, regulating plant growth and other biological activities, and have a unique mechanism of action. Pyrimidinamine derivatives, one of pyrimidine derivatives, were reported as early as 1955, and all the world's major pesticide companies (Syngenta, Dow Yinon, Bayer, DuPont, and BASF) have carried out research studies, which had lasted for nearly 60 years. For example, commercial pyrimidine products such as flupyrimethanil (fungicide) and pyrimethanil (insecticidal and acaricidal agents) show excellent biological activity. So pyrimidinamine derivatives are considered promising agricultural compounds. In this study, a series of pyrimidinamine derivatives were designed and synthesized using pyrimidifen as a template according to bioisosterism. 5-chloro-N-(1-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)- 6-ethylpyrimidin-4-amine, T23, had the best control effect on Aphis fabae with LC50 values of 1.46 mg/L, versus commercial insecticides spirotetramat and imidacloprid (2.45 and 0.53 mg/L). The synthesis, characterization, and activity data of the compounds are presented in the text, and the structure-activity relationships are discussed.

作为γ-氨基丁酸门控氯离子通道别构调节剂,溴虫氟苯双酰胺(Broflanilide)是目前唯一获得登记的双酰胺类杀虫剂,它不仅具有广谱、高效等活性特点,且能有效防治抗性害虫.为获得结构多样性新型双酰酰胺类杀虫活性化合物,对溴虫氟苯双酰胺进行先导结构多样性衍生,设计合成了系列新型双酰胺类化合物,其结构经1H NMR和MS等表征确证.研究结果表明,该类化合物对粘虫等鳞翅目害虫和蚜虫等半翅目害虫均具有高活性,对害螨棉红蜘蛛也具有显著活性.

为研究嗪虫唑酰胺(Dimpropyridaz)的生物活性,以3-甲基-2-丁酮和3,4,5-三氯哒嗪为原料,经7步反应合成了嗪虫唑酰胺,其结构经质谱和核磁共振氢谱等表征确证.室内测定了嗪虫唑酰胺对蚕豆蚜虫(Aphis fabae)、稻褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)、粘虫(Mythimna separate)和棉红蜘蛛(Tetranychius urticae)的生物活性,结果表明嗪虫唑酰胺对蚕豆蚜虫表现出高活性,其LC50值为0.039 mg/L,对褐飞虱表现出一定活性,对粘虫和棉红蜘蛛没有表现出明显活性.

双酰胺类杀虫剂结构新颖多样,作用机制新颖独特,防虫效果卓越广谱.介绍了双酰胺类杀虫剂的结构类型,总结了具有应用价值进入研发程序的双酰胺类杀虫剂,并就其作用机制和抗性机理进行了分析探讨,就其环境风险进行了浅析评价,旨在为双酰胺类杀虫剂的研究、开发与应用提供支持与指导.

双酰胺类杀虫剂结构多样、新颖,作用机制丰富、独特,防虫效果卓越、广谱.介绍了双酰胺类杀虫剂的结构类型,总结了登记上市的双酰胺类杀虫剂及其应用、销售概况,并就双酰胺类杀虫剂防治刺吸式口器害虫前景进行了分析探讨与展望,旨在为双酰胺类杀虫剂的研究、开发与应用提供支持与指导.

自主设计、合成了系列新型邻胺基苯甲酰胺类化合物,并对其进行了杀虫活性、安全性、毒性、工艺、制剂、温室和/或田间防治效果等研究,获得了Ia、Ib和Ic等系列自主知识产权的高杀虫活性化合物.结果 表明化合物Ic等对咀嚼口器害虫如粘虫和小菜蛾等的活性较邻胺基苯甲酰胺类杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺水平相当或更胜一筹,对刺吸口器害虫如蚜虫等的活性远优于氯虫苯甲酰胺及溴氰虫酰胺.田间药效试验进一步证实,Ic等对咀嚼口器害虫如水稻二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟、甜菜夜蛾等的防治效果相当于或优于氯虫苯甲酰胺,对刺吸口器害虫如蚜虫等的防治效果优于溴氰虫酰胺.新型邻胺基苯甲酰胺类化合物Ic等可作为候选杀虫剂进一步研究开发.

A series of novel pyridazinone derivatives were designed and synthesized by replacing 4-(tert-butyl)phenyl moiety of pyridaben with 2-phenylthiazole or oxazole fragments via activity substructure connecting approach. The structures of all target compounds were characterized through NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. Bioassay results exhibit that most compounds showed potent bioactivities againstAphis fabae,Tetranychus urticae,Erysiphe graminis, and/orPuccinia polysora. Among the newly synthesized compounds, 2-(tert-butyl)-4-chloro-5-(((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methyl)thio)pyridazin-3(2H)-one (12b) displays remarkable insecticidal activity againstA fabae. Its LC(50)value (2.73 mg/L) is better than that of pyridaben (5.46 mg/L), although inferior to that of imidacloprid (0.51 mg/L). In addition to its extraordinary insecticidal activity, compound12balso exerts 96.9% fungicidal activities againstP polysoraat 500 mg/L in vivo, significantly superior to that of pyridaben (50.0%), while slightly lower than that of tebuconazole (100%). This article discusses the synthesis, bioassay results, and structure-activity relationship of this series of novel pyridazinone derivatives.

琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂(SDHIs)是继甲氧基丙烯酸酯类和三唑类之后的第三大类杀菌剂,也是近几年来销售额年复合增长率增长最快的杀菌剂.根据现有23个此类商品化杀菌剂可知,该抑制剂结构包括3部分:酸片段(A)、胺片段(B)和酰胺键链接部分(C).概述了近3年报道的琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂类新活性化合物的最新研究进展且对其创制经纬进行了简要介绍.

以2,3-二氯丁烯醛酸和4-叔丁基苄氯为原料,采用一锅法合成新型哒嗪酮类杀螨剂哒螨灵(Pyridaben),其结构经质谱和核磁等确证.生测结果表明,哒螨灵不仅具有较好的杀螨活性,而且也具有较好的杀蚜虫和粘虫活性.

[目的]对丙硫菌唑原药进行全分析,明确质量分数大于0.1％的有机杂质的结构及含量.[方法]采用液质联用仪和气质联用仪分别对丙硫菌唑进行定性分析,以高效液相色谱和气相色谱等分析手段对原药及杂质进行定量分析或最低被检测质量分数.[结果]丙硫菌唑原药杂质为甲苯、杂质307和杂质309,而相关杂质硫酮菌唑的最低被检测质量分数为0.002％.[结论]试验不仅提供了一种丙硫菌唑全组分分析,而且对该产品的合成优化具有重要参考价值.

通过室内、温室及田间试验,评价了新型杀菌剂HNPC-A3107的生物活性.室内杀菌活性试验结果表明HNPC-A3107在25 mg·L-1浓度下对所供试的8种靶标病害均具有抑制作用;温室盆栽试验表明HNPC-A3107对水稻稻瘟病、水稻纹枯病和小麦叶枯病等具有良好防治效果;田间试验进一步确证了HNPC-A3107对小麦叶枯病的良好防治效果.

A series of original pyrimidinamine derivatives containing a biphenyl ether moiety were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by H-1 NMR, MS, and elemental analyses. Their insecticidal activities against lepidopteran and hemiptera insects and acaricidal activities were tested. The results of bioassay demonstrated that 9k showed the best activity (LC50 = 2.08 mg/L) against Tetranychus urticae, which is comparable with the positive control, spirotetramat (LC50 = 2.27 mg/L), and 9g showed better activity (LC50 = 0.52 mg/L) against Aphis fabae than the positive control, imidacloprid (LC50 = 1.02 mg/L), and relatively good activity (LC50 = 2.49 mg/L) against T urticae. Their structure-activity relationships indicated that both an ethyl group on the 4-position of the pyrimidine ring and alkyl chain as a para-substituent group of the benzene ring showed good biological activity.

A series of novel perfluoropropan-2-yl-based quinoline derivatives was designed and synthesized utilizing tebufloquin as the lead compound. The structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic data 1HNMR, MS and elemental analysis. The results of bioassay indicated that these compounds exhibited potent fungicidal activities against Erysiphe graminis. Especially, compound 8c displayed excellent activity with EC50 value at 1.48 mg / L, which was better than that of the commercialized fungicide --- tebufloquin. The structure-activity relationship for these new compounds was also discussed.

为探究新型杀菌剂HNPC-A3107的杀菌作用机制,选择黄瓜灰霉病原菌为对象,研究了HNPC-A3107对灰霉病菌的抑制作用以及对灰霉病菌丝体内含物渗漏的影响.试验结果表明HNPC-A3107对黄瓜灰霉病原菌具有较强抑制作用,其EC50=1.75 mg·L-1;HNPC-A3107对黄瓜灰霉病原菌丝体内含物渗漏有显著影响.破坏细胞膜通透性可能是HNPC-A3107发挥杀菌作用的机制之一.

Oxazosulfyl是由日本住友化学株式会社最新研究开发的含乙磺酰基吡啶结构片段的新型苯并(噁)唑类杀虫剂,对其进行了品种介绍、创制经纬与合成方法的概述.

A series of novel imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives were synthesized and their structures were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The results of bioassays showed that some compounds exhibit good fungicidal activity against Puccinia polysora. In particular, compound 7b showed an EC50 value of 4.00 mg/L, which was comparable with that of tebuconazole. Besides, preliminary structure-activity relationship was discussed.

通过室内、温室及田间试验,评价了新型杀菌剂HNPC-A073的生物活性.室内杀菌活性试验结果表明HNPC-A073在10～25 μg·mL-1浓度下对供试的29种靶标病害中90％以上靶标均有抑制作用;温室及田间试验表明HNPC-A073对灰霉、菌核等多种病害具有良好防治效果.