Virtual tourism, as an emerging form of tourism empowered by immersive digital technologies, is fundamentally reshaping the logic of tourism supply and demand. Within this context, "virtual tourism attractiveness"has become a critical construct for understanding users' participation and behavioral intentions. However, extant studies have primarily focused on technology adoption and usage intentions, while neglecting the systematic conceptualization and measurement of virtual tourism attractiveness. This omission has constrained both theoretical advancement and managerial application. To address this research gap, this study employs a mixed-methods design, integrating Semi-Structured Interviews, user-generated qualitative texts, large-scale surveys, and empirical analysis. Guided by grounded theory and scale development procedures, we identify the multidimensional structure of virtual tourism attractiveness and develop a validated measurement instrument. Results reveal four interrelated dimensions-technical, content, emotional, and social attractiveness-captured through a 21-item scale that demonstrates strong reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. This study advances theory by clarifying the conceptual boundaries of virtual tourism attractiveness, extending affordance theory to digital tourism contexts, and providing a rigorous measurement framework for subsequent empirical inquiries. Practically, the findings offer actionable insights for virtual tourism platforms and destination managers in designing engaging experiences and enhancing user conversion strategies.

The strategic value of the digital economy in driving the transformation of the tourism industry has become increasingly prominent. This study investigates the impact of China’s National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zones (NBDCPZs) on tourism economic development. Using panel data from 284 cities (2009–2019), the study treats the policy as a quasi-natural experiment and applies multi-period DID, PSM, and spatial models. Results show that NBDCPZs significantly promote tourism growth, though effects decline over time and vary spatially—stronger in eastern regions and moderate in large cities. Industrial structure upgrading is identified as the main transmission channel, while financial support amplifies the policy effect, and human capital shows no significant moderation. The findings reveal how digital policy drives tourism transformation and provide practical insights for strengthening data—tourism integration, optimizing industrial structures, and fostering high-quality regional development.

Tourists’ environmentally responsible behaviour (TERB) is important for the sustainable development of tourist destinations. Based on social information processing theory, the article explores the mechanism of anthropomorphic/non-anthropomorphic guiding phrases on tourists’ environmentally responsible behaviours, and tests the mediating role of perceived loveliness and the moderating role of social trust. The study designed three experiments to conduct questionnaire surveys on tourists, empirically analysed 463 valid questionnaires collected, and constructed a theoretical model of the influence mechanism of guiding phrases on environmentally responsible behaviours. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) Compared with non-anthropomorphic guiding phrases, anthropomorphic guiding phrases are more capable of generating tourists’ environmentally responsible behaviours. (2) Perceptions of likability mediate the influence of guiding phrases on tourists’ environmentally responsible behaviour. (3) Social trust positively moderates the relationship between perceived cuteness and tourists‘ environmentally responsible behaviour. The higher the social trust, the stronger the relationship between tourists’ perceived cuteness and environmentally responsible behaviour. (4) Social trust positively moderates the mediating strength of perceived cuteness; the higher the social trust, the stronger the effect of anthropomorphism on environmentally responsible behaviour through the mediating path. The findings of this study have a positive significance and effect on enhancing the theoretical exploration and use of guiding phrases in tourist destinations and environmental enterprises.

Background The pistil is an essential part of flowers that functions in the differentiation of the sexes and reproduction in plants. The stigma on the pistil can accept pollen to allow fertilization and seed development. Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a dioecious plant, where female flowers exhibit normal pistil, while the male flowers exhibit aborted pistil at a late stage of pistil development. Results The developmental stages of papaya pistil were analyzed after first dividing it into slices representing the primordium stage 1 (S1), the pre-meiotic stages S2, post-meiotic stage S3, and the mitotic stage S4. The SS scoring algorithm analysis of genes preferentially expressed at different stages revealed differentially expressed genes between male and female flowers. A transcription factor regulatory network for each stage based on the genes that are differentially expressed between male and female flowers was constructed. Some transcription factors related to pistil development were revealed based on the analysis of regulatory networks such as CpAGL11, CpHEC2, and CpSUPL. Based on the specific expression of genes, constructed a gene regulatory subnetwork with CpAGL11-CpSUPL-CpHEC2 functioning as the core. Analysis of the functionally enriched terms in this network reveals several differentially expressed genes related to auxin/ brassinosteroid signal transduction in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway. At the same time, significant differences in the expression of auxin and brassinosteroid synthesis-related genes between male and female flowers at different developmental stages were detected. Conclusions The pistil abortion of papaya might be caused by the lack of expression or decreased expression of some transcription factors and hormone-related genes, affecting hormone signal transduction or hormone biosynthesis. Analysis of aborted and normally developing pistil in papaya provided new insights into the molecular mechanism of pistil development and sex differentiation in dioecious papaya.

In the context of global warming, although the coordinated development of tourism has led to regional economic growth, the high energy consumption-driven effects of such development have also led to environmental degradation. This research combines the undesired output of the Super-SBM model and social network analysis methods to determine the eco-efficiency of provincial tourism in China from 2010-2019 and analyzes its spatial correlation characteristics as well as its influencing factors. The aim of the project is to improve China's regional tourism eco-efficiency and promote cross-regional tourism correlation. The results show that (1) the mean value of provincial tourism eco-efficiency in China is maintained at 0.405~0.612, with an overall fluctuating upward trend. The tourism eco-efficiency of eastern China is higher than that of central, western and northeastern China, but the latter three regions have not formed a stable spatial distribution pattern. (2) The spatial network of provincial tourism eco-efficiency in China is multithreaded, dense and diversified. Throughout the network, affiliations are becoming closer, and network structure robustness is gradually improving, although the "hierarchical" spatial network structure remains. In individual networks, Jiangsu, Guangdong and Shandong provinces in eastern China have higher centrality degrees, closeness centrality and betweenness centrality than other provinces, which means they are dominant in the network. Hainan Province, also located in eastern China, has not yet built a "bridge" for tourism factor circulation. In the core-periphery model, the core-periphery areas of China's provincial tourism eco-efficiency are distributed in clusters, and the number of "core members" has increased. (3) The economic development level, information technology development level, and tourism technology level collectively drive the development and evolution of China's provincial tourism eco-efficiency spatial network.

Based on the perspective of self-cognition, this paper discusses the influence of pro-environmental behaviour on eco-tourism consumption. By analysing the influence of relevant intermediary and moderator variables and their context/boundary conditions, the psychological and emotional mechanism behind ecological tourists is deconstructed. It was found that: (1) Pro-environmental behaviour has a significant positive impact on eco-tourism consumption; (2) Natural empathy plays a mediating role in the impact of pro-environmental behaviour on eco-tourism consumption; (3) Self-construction plays a regulatory role in the impact of pro-environmental behaviour on eco-tourism consumption. Individuals with dependent self-construction are more likely to produce eco-tourism consumption behaviour, (4) Self-construal moderates the mediating effect of natural empathy. Compared with independent self-construal individuals, dependent self-construal individuals are more likely to produce natural empathy, thus promoting individual practice of ecotourism consumption behaviour.

本文基于PPM理论,构建大学生高校移动图书馆采纳行为影响因素模型.运用结构方程模型的方法对福建省各地市高校学生调查数据进行实证检验.了解大学生对移动图书馆的使用需求,提高移动图书馆用户的使用频率,为提升移动图书馆采纳行为提供理论支撑.

Additional file 11. Statistics of topological attribute information of different gene regulatory networks.

疫情加速了社区团购的发展,互联网头部企业先后砸重金发展社区团购业务.分析社区团购的发展状况及互联网巨头发展社区团购的三种主要方式,指出短期上社区团购大额补贴扰乱实体经济价格体系、长期上割裂不同需求层次的用户等影响.基于以上分析提出强化反垄断和防止资本无序扩张、禁止低于成本价促销的不正当竞争、通过互联网巨头赋能实体商业等促进社区团购可持续发展的对策建议.

The improvement of national economic conditions, changes in lifestyle, and development of technology have increased the emphasis on leisure life and activity needs. Moreover, through the promotion of tourism policies, the government has expanded the niche of the leisure industry, making all tourist attractions overcrowded. The development of tourism is accompanied by increasingly fierce competition. Along with the annually increasing number of tourists and overuse of the ecological environment, people realised the importance of co-existence after nature starts to counterattack. Facing the economic benefits and the impact of the ecological environment brought about by the rapid development of tourism, ecotourism, which is different from traditional mass tourism and emphasises sustainable management, has begun to make great progress. This paper takes 354 ecotourists in Fujian province as research objects. The policy implications of the research findings are that local governments and ecotourism businesses should focus on "cultural experience" marketing and adding value and deepening local culture in ecotourism as the promotion strategy.