当前,我国医学人才培养存在着院校办学的层次结构失衡、卫生技术人员的学历(职称)结构失衡、人才队伍的学科结构失衡、资源分布的区域结构失衡、人才培养的质量结构失衡等主要问题.提出适应经济社会发展需求调整人才培养规模结构、顺应卫生事业发展方向调整人才培养体系、遵循医学教育规律变革人才培养方式、结合地方经济发展状况调整政策资源投入、基于医学人才需求特点建设质量保障体系等五项策略,推进我国医学教育供给侧结构性改革.

BACKGROUND:Flipped classroom has received much attention during the last few years in China, but inconsistent conclusions are made about the effectiveness this approach in health professions education. This review examined the findings of controlled studies published in Chinese in order to summarize the effects of the flipped classroom methodology. These studies focused specifically on undergraduate level of health professions students.METHODS:A literature search was conducted using China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform in June 2019. No date restrictions were used. Peer-reviewed papers were reviewed and experimental studies were included if the study compared student outcomes using flipped classroom method versus traditional lectures. The revised version of the Kirkpatrick's model was applied to evaluate the effectiveness of the flipped classroom approach.RESULTS:In total, 934 articles were obtained. Among them, 235 articles were full text reviewed and 59 met the inclusion criteria. Most of the student agreed that flipped classroom strategy was very helpful improving their self-learning ability, problem solving ability, teamwork, and communication skills, but reported increased workload and less-efficiency compared with traditional lectures. However, the majority of studies (n = 52) showed positive findings of the flipped classroom on changes in knowledge and skills, and 3 in negative. Among these 59 studies, there was little evidence of changes in behavior, organizational practice and patient outcome.CONCLUSIONS:Better design with reduced content should be considered for instructors to promote learning effectiveness. Long-term effects of flipped classroom should be considered in future studies.

Through the comparison of employment rate,utilization rate of human resources and utilization efficiency in Yunnan Province with Guangdong,the former two indicators are higher than those in Guangdong Province,and the utilization of human resources is lower than that of Guangdong and the national average. In 2000,the utilization efficiency of human resources in Yunnan was only 32.71％ and 63.72％ of the average in Guangdong and China respectively,In 2015,the figures were 39.54 percent and 52.02 percent,respectively. The efficiency of human resources utilization in Yunnan is less than half that in Guangdong,although it is more than 50 percent of the national average, But the gap is lager, In addition,the utilization of human resources in Yunnan Province coexists with the disadvantages. The advantages are mainly embodied in the secondary industry,but the efficiency of human resources utilization is lower overall,We should strengthen the investment of human capital,fully cultivate and attract the outstanding talents,expand the advantage of human resource,excavate the advantaged industries,make up for the inferior industries,and seek the comparative advantage of the regional development,if we want to ascend to the top level of our country.