目的:调查重庆市部分健康查体人员指骨骨密度的变化情况,探讨骨质疏松的可能影响因素.方法:使用双能X线骨密度测量仪对945例参加体检人员行骨密度测量,并记录性别、身高、体重、吸烟、饮茶及运动情况,以每10岁为1年龄段分组,分析每组的骨密度、T值及影响因素.结果:男女指骨骨密度峰值出现在20～29岁年龄段;参检女性骨质疏松症发生率为11.4％,男性骨质疏松症发生率为5.11％;年龄、性别、体重指数、运动及吸烟与骨密度显著相关(P＜0.01),饮茶与骨密度无相关性(P＞0 01).结论:重庆市部分人群骨密度变化情况基本符合中国骨质疏松调查报告,骨质疏松症的发生率与年龄、性别、体重、生活习惯等密切相关.

Background: It is widely accepted in many parts of the world that community nurses are of vital importance in various phases of disaster response and management. In China, however, it is not clear whether the Chinese community nurses are able to assume disaster-related duties due to the lack of a systematic assessment.Methods: A pre-designed and well-tested questionnaire was employed to evaluate the competency in disaster response and management among 205 valid registered Chinese community nurses between September and October 2009. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS Version 13.0 using one way ANOVA, Least Significant Difference (LSD) and multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results: This group of Chinese community nurses scored at an intermediate level of competency (a score of 3.68 (SD 0.48) out of a perfect score of 5) in disaster response and management, suggesting that they have the basic ability to participate in disaster-related nursing. Four factors, namely, Experiences in Disaster Relief, Participation in Disaster Training, the Age and Duration in Job, were identified to be the predominant factors contributing significantly to the integrated competency in disaster response and management of an individual.Conclusion: Most of the Chinese community nurses have basic qualifications and competencies to undertake the responsibilities of disaster response and management. However, more targeted disaster training including virtual-reality based drills should be provided in order to improve their competency.

目的 探讨发作间期/发作期SPECT局部脑血流灌注显像(regional cerebral blood flow,rCBF)在癫痫术前定位诊断中的价值.方法 回顾性分析第三军医大学新桥医院神经外科行外科手术治疗的115例癫痫患者,术前分别行发作间期/发作期SPECT显像、常规脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)、视频脑电图(vedio-EEC,VEEG)、CT或MRI检查,术中行皮层脑电图(electrocorticogram,ECoG)监测,与发作间期/发作期SPECT、EEG、VEEG、CT和MRI检查结果进行比较分析.结果 发作间期/发作期SPECT检出癫痫的阳性率为90.4％,高于EEG的37.4％ (P ＜0.05)、VEEG的82.6％(P＞0.05)、CT的48.8％ (P ＜0.05)和MRI的54.2％ (P ＜0.05).与术中ECoG结果比较,发作间期/发作期SPECT对癫痫灶定侧率为91.3％,定位率为71.2％.结论 术前发作间期/发作期SPECT显像与ECoG在癫痫灶定位诊断上具有较高的一致性,在术前综合定位诊断中具有重要意义.

Based on typical FDI theories,the article establishes the Capable Resource Integration theory(CRI).It analyzes the location choice combined with enterprises' capable resource and foreign investment motives as well as that of enterprises' foreign investment.The authors put forward the definition of the Capable Resource from a dynamic angle,connect the owning of Capable Resource with the obtaining of overseas resources,and put the theory of advantage utilization and advantage acquisition in one model.CRI theory enables us to explain different transnational behaviors and process of enterprises in various types of countries.At last,the case study of Wanxiang group aims to empirically apply the theory.The conclusion is that CRI theory has universal applicability and provides theoretical support on developing overseas investments of Chinese enterprises.

Objective To investigate the value of 99Tcm-methoxyisobutylisonitrile(99Tcm-MIBI) SPECT/CT fusion imaging in assisting radiotherapy target positioning of lung cancer,and to analyze the relationship between the rate of 99Tcm-MIBI uptake and chemotherapy efficacy in lung cancer.Methods In a retrospective study,99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT were performed in 19 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) within one week before radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The gross tumor volume was obtained by the region of interest(ROI) technique,and the planning target volume(PTV) was also identified.The radioactive counts of ROI were analyzed and early target/normal(T/NTe),delayed target/normal(T/NTd) and retention index(RI%) were calculated.The association of T/NTe,T/NTd and RI% with patients' clinical stage and pathological type was analyzed.Results Among all the 19 NSCLC patients who underwent 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT,18 patients were positive.The PTVs of 15 patients obtained from CT were modified according to SPECT/CT,accounting for 78.9%.Of the 15 patients with modified PTVs,the tissues of atelectasis and tumor were clearly identified in 11 patients,accounting for 57.9%.The mean values of T/NTe and T/NTd of the good-response patients(2.47±0.23 and 2.35±0.19) were significantly higher than those of the poor-response patients(1.72±0.10 and 1.63±0.12,P<0.01),while RI% showed no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).There were no significant differences of T/NTe,T/NTd and RI% among the patients with different clinical stages and pathological types(P>0.05).Conclusion 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT fusion imaging is helpful to optimize radiotherapy target.Using T/NTe 2.0 as the threshold for assessing chemotherapy efficacy has high accuracy,and can avoid the interference from patients' clinical stage and pathological type.

Objective To investigate the disaster response capacity of community nurses in China and to explore the influencing factors.Methods Stratified cluster and random sampling method was conducted by the researchers to recruit 205 registered community nurses, and then the participants were asked to fill out a self-designed questionnaire in terms of disaster response capacity.Results The score of disaster response capacity of registered community nurses was 3.68±0.48. The scores of the subdimentions were listed in descending order as follows: personal quality (3.97±0.49), post-disaster prevention of infectious diseases (3.84±0.63), ability to deal with emergency (3.75±0.53), stress response (3.75±0.51), knowledge reserve (3.45±0.59), ability to assess crisis (3.28±0.58). Such factors as participation in a disaster salvage, receiving continuing education of disaster nursing care, and nurses′ professional title exerted impacts on disaster response capacity of community nurses(P<0.05 for all).Conclusion Disaster response capacity of community nurses in China is at medium level, and nurses especially have poor reserve of disaster knowledge and lack the ability to assess the crisis. Community health service institution should provide much more training program for community nurses, and provide more opportunities of continuing education, so as to improve the disaster response capacity of community nurses.

目的 调查情景教学法在护理四年制本科生社区护理学灾害护理课程中的运用效果.方法 运用自制护士灾害能力调查问卷对90名本科生进行了调查.结果 情景教学法能有效提升护生对灾害相关知识的储备水平 (P＜0.01);对于灾害应急处置期的应急技能、灾后重建期的相关技能的提升无显著作用(P>0.05);但能明显提升学生的灾害自我防护意识和应对态度((P＜0.05).结论 情景教学法能使学生在建立良好的灾害应对态度、提升寻求外部灾害救援的意识并有助于灾害相关知识储备、危机评估等两类核心能力的提升,对灾害应急期所需操作技能则需另行培训.

Objective To understand the state of disaster response capacities of community nurses in Chongqing and explore its influencing factors.Methods By stratified random cluster sampling method,205 community nurses in Chongqing were investigated with a questionnaire.Results The mean score of disaster response capacities of community nurses was(3.68±0.48).The mean scores of six dimensions that were personal qualities,post-disaster epidemic prevention capacities,emergency response capacities,psychological coping capacities,knowledge reserves,and risk assessment capacities in order,were(3.97±0.49),(3.84±0.63),(3.75±0.53),(3.75±0.51),(3.45±0.59),and(3.28±0.58).The main factors were the experience and the continuing education about disaster rescue and titles.Conclusion Community health service institutions should provide much more opportunities for community nurses to study knowledge about disaster nursing,so as to enhance their disaster response capacities.

阐述社区护理人员在灾害应对中的作用和优势,分析中、美两国社区护士灾害应对能力的研究现状,提出建立一套适合我国国情的社区护士灾害应对能力综合评价体系成为刻不容缓的任务。

IT enterprises' foreign investment developed rapidly these years in our country.This paper will dynamically analyze the location choice of IT enterprises' foreign investment,based on the theory of the strategic resource integration.The paper analyzes the location choice combined with enterprises' strategic resource and foreign investment motives.Then the example of ZTE Company is taken in order to empirically analyze the theory.At last,according to the analysis,some conclusions and advices for IT enterprises' foreign investment location choice can be reached.

介绍了护士在灾害应对中的作用研究进展,为明晰护士在灾害应对中的角色、行为及职责提供了依据,有助于灾害护理教育内容的确立、灾害护理教育体系的构建并推进灾害护理学的发展.

It summarized the implementation and application of community response grids(CRGs) in American community disaster.It put forward that one should fully evaluate the factors influencing the construction of CRGs and enhance the support of government and community so as to ensure smoothly development of CRGs.

This paper expounded the necessity,preliminary construction plans,work responsibilities and basic functions of the mass wounded transit management centre,which aimed to effectively utilize health care resources and ensure the safety of wouded patients in the transit.Combining with the successful transfer cases at home and abroad,this paper introduced the operational mode of the management centre,including the preparation of pre-transfer,considerations during transfer as well as handover after transfer.

重大灾害爆发后由于现场急救、医疗条件有限,根据紧急援助的原则需要在现场紧急处理后快速转运至适当医院而确保其得到更有效的专科治疗和护理[1],批量伤员的后送转运工作的快速、高效对伤员救治成功意义重大.批量伤员的转运救护工作既是对专业救援人员,更是对医护人员综合能力、急救组织管理能力的严峻考验.结合国内外多次重大灾害伤员后送转运实例,尤其是2008年5月12日的汶川大地震中大批伤员转运的具体转运情况,我们认为应在重大灾情爆发地设立伤员转运管理中心,专职对伤员的后送转运工作进行全面管理,以提高批量伤员转运效率.

This paper expounded the definition of community nursing,as well as the charaeteristies and responsibilities of community nurses.Aiming at the present problems of community nursing in China,some suggestions were proposed based on the experiences of abroad community nursing and the status of China,including strengthening the intensity of cultivating community nurses in various ways,positively constructing community nursing model with Chinese characteristics,thoroughly exerting functions of governmental macro -contrt~l,establishing performance evaluation system of community nursing and enhan- cing sense of career identification of community nurses.