While several cross-sectional studies have suggested an association between a body shape index (ABSI) and cognitive decline, the relationship between longitudinal ABSI patterns and cognitive outcomes among older hypertensive patients remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between ABSI trajectories and cognitive outcomes in this population using a longitudinal cohort design. Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), with ABSI measurements collected in 2011, 2013, and 2015. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was used to identify the distinct ABSI trajectories. Cox proportional hazards models and linear mixed-effects models were applied to evaluate the association between ABSI trajectories and cognitive function among older hypertensive patients. A total of 1,065 older hypertensive participants were included in the study (572 males, 53.7

Objectives Given China’s low fertility rate, assisted reproductive technology (ART) can be used assist infertile patients in having children. This study aimed to analyse patients’ preferences for ART and to determine the relative importance (RI) and willingness to pay (WTP) of key attributes.Design We identified six attributes of ART and used a D-efficient design to generate choice sets for conducting a discrete choice experiment. Patients were asked to choose between two scenarios that differed in participation in treatment decision-making (TDM), clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, risk of maternal and neonatal complications, and out-of-pocket cost.Setting Jiangsu province, China. The anonymous survey was carried out between December 2022 and February 2023.Participants Female patients aged 20–45 years, with low fertility or experience of ART treatment. We recruited 465 participants.Outcomes measures Patient-reported preferences for each attribute were estimated using a mixed logit model. The latent class model was also used to investigate preference heterogeneity.Results All attributes were associated with patient preferences. Patients considered the live birth rate as the most important attribute (RI=29.05%), followed by participation in TDM (RI=21.91%). The latent class model revealed two distinct classes named ‘outcome driven’ and ‘cost driven’. Preferences varied according to their age, monthly household income and location.Conclusions This study investigated the preferences of infertile patients when seeking medical assistance for infertility. The study outcomes can contribute to evidence-based counselling and shared decision-making and provide an empirical basis for creating and implementing future policies.

BACKGROUND:Promoting healthy behaviours among elderly hypertensive patients has become a critical aspect of public health. Perceived health competence (PHC) is thought to influence the health behaviours of individuals with hypertension. Understanding the patterns of PHC will support targeted interventions for these patients. This study employed latent profile analysis to ascertain distinct PHC profiles among elderly hypertensive patients and to explore the demographic factors associated with these profiles. Additionally, the study explored the relationship between these perceived health competence profiles, intertemporal choice, and physical activity levels. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jiangsu, China, with 1352 elderly hypertensive patients completing the socio-demographic questionnaire, perceived health competence scale, delay discounting task, and physical activity questionnaire. Data analyses involved latent profile analysis, ANOVA, χ2-test, and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS:Three PHC profiles were identified: "low self-efficacy and low action capacity" (9.0 %), "moderate PHC" (68.8 %) and "high self-efficacy and high action capacity" (22.2 %). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that educational level and smoking status significantly predicted profile membership (p < 0.05). The ANOVA and χ2-test indicated significant differences among the three groups in terms of intertemporal choice (F = 8.55, p < 0.01) and physical activity (χ2 = 24.24, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Our findings indicate the importance of considering variations in PHC among elderly hypertensive patients. The "low self-efficacy and low action capacity" group is associated with increased delay discounting and reduced physical activity in this population. Therefore, interventions targeting enhancing PHC should be tailored to individual profiles.

Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) poses a significant threat to public health, with college students representing a major consumer group. Using the extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Temporal Self-Regulation Theory (TST), this study examined the extent to which attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, delay discounting, habit, and self-control influence the intention and behavior of SSB consumption. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jiangsu Province in 2024, involving 1236 college students. Data were collected using instruments based on the TPB-TST model, and delay discounting was assessed with a custom-designed computer program. Structural equation modeling was performed using Smart PLS software. The results showed that the integrated model explained 36.9 % of the variance in intention and 20.4 % in actual behavior. Delay discounting significantly influenced students' intention to consume SSBs. Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control also had significant positive effects on intention. Habit, self-control, and intention directly influenced SSB consumption, with habit moderating the intention-behavior relationship (β = -0.053, p < 0.05), weakening the impact of intention on behavior. In conclusion, the integration of the extended TPB and TST provides a robust framework for understanding SSB consumption among college students. Policy efforts and school-based interventions should target students' cognitive and psychological factors while regulating the availability of SSBs in campus environments to promote healthier behaviors.

Background:Hypertension is a significant global public health concern, and research shows that treatment adherence plays an important role in hypertension control. This study incorporated a novel factor in behavioral economics, delay discounting, into the predisposing factors within the PRECEDE model to explore the factors influencing adherence to treatment of patients with hypertension. Design:This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jiangsu Province, China, in 2023 and included 1,123 patients with hypertension. Methods:Data collection tools included demographic variables and predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors. Delay discounting was assessed using a self-designed computer program. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression. This study used the STROBE Reporting Checklist. Results:The variables accounted for 30.4% of the total variance in adherence to treatment of patients with hypertension. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that the predisposing (knowledge, delay discounting, and self-efficacy), reinforcing, and enabling factors were significantly associated with treatment adherence. Conclusions:Delay discounting was associated with hypertension treatment adherence. Enhancing the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors may lead to increased adherence among patients with hypertension. It is recommended that hospitals and healthcare providers offer educational lectures and training sessions, and that some simple delayed discount interventions be added to supplement this. Additionally, government and institutional efforts should be made to increase the availability of community-level resources for patients with hypertension.

Objective:Our study aimed to examine the association between delay discounting (DD) and body mass index (BMI) in individuals with hypertension. Additionally, we sought to explore and compare the potential mediating effects of self-efficacy, physical activity and sedentary behavior in this association. Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two cities in the Jiangsu province of China, specifically Nanjing and Yangzhou, from March to June 2023. A total of 972 hypertensive patients completed the questionnaire (M age = 64.7 years, SD age = 8.2 years, 54.2% female). Participants engaged in a money choice experiment on computers, provided their height and weight, and completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). The experimental program was generated using the programming software E-Prime version 2.0. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to identify potential covariates. Two serial mediation models were conducted using PROCESS macro 4.1 in SPSS 27.0. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were designated as M2 to investigate and contrast their respective mediating effects in the association between delay discounting and body mass index. Results:Self-efficacy, physical activity, and sedentary behavior served as mediators in the relationship between delay discounting and BMI. Self-efficacy accounted for 14.9% and 14.3% of the total effect in Models 1 and 2, respectively, while physical activity and sedentary behavior each accounted for 14.9% and 9.5% of the total effect, respectively. The serial mediation effects of self-efficacy and physical activity, as well as self-efficacy and sedentary behavior, were significant (B = 0.01, 95% CI [0.01, 0.02]; B = 0.01, 95% CI [0.002, 0.01]), collectively contributing 2.1% and 2.4% of the total effect. Sedentary behavior played a smaller mediating role compared to physical activity in this association. Conclusion:The results indicated that self-efficacy, physical activity and sedentary behavior could act as mediators in the association between delay discounting and BMI, thus potentially mitigating the risk of obesity in hypertensive individuals.

Abstract Purpose: Breast cancer has been a serious health problem all around the world. Early detection is undoubtedly effective in combating severe public health problems in developing countries. Meanwhile, primary care physicians play an important role in implementation of screening programs. The objective of our study was to evaluate the determinates of the primary care physicians’ intention to provide the Breast cancer screening services ( BCSs ) for rural women. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 24 towns in Jiangsu. In total, 1,101 primary care physicians entered and completed the study. The data collection tool was developed based on the theory of planned behaviour (i.e., attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) and extended components (i.e., knowledge about breast cancer screening services (BCSs), and past providing-BCSs behavior. Results: The results of our study showed that subjective norms (β = 0.352, p < 0.001) had the greatest influence on primary care physicians’ intention to engage in breast cancer screening, followed by attitudes and perceived behavioural control. Both screening knowledge and past screening provision behavior had an indirect effect on behavioural intentions. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that extended TPB appears to be an efficient model in explaining primary care physicians' intention to engage in Breast cancer screening program. Meanwhile, our findings provide a reference for governments, hospitals and policies aiming to increasing primary care physicians’ intention to provide rural women with BCSs.

Abstract Background Breast cancer has been a serious health problem all around the world. Early detection is undoubtedly effective in combating severe public health problems in developing countries. Meanwhile, primary care physicians play an important role in implementation of screening programs. The objective of our study was to evaluate the determinates of the primary care physicians’ intention to provide the Breast cancer screening services ( BCSs ) for rural women.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 24 towns in Jiangsu. In total, 1,101 primary care physicians entered and completed the study. The data collection tool was developed based on the theory of planned behaviour (i.e., attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) and extended components (i.e., knowledge about breast cancer screening services (BCSs), and past providing-BCSs behavior.Results The results of our study showed that subjective norms (β = 0.352, p < 0.001) had the greatest influence on primary care physicians’ intention to engage in breast cancer screening, followed by attitudes and perceived behavioural control. Both screening knowledge and past screening provision behavior had an indirect effect on behavioural intentions.Conclusions The present study demonstrated that extended TPB appears to be an efficient model in explaining primary care physicians' intention to engage in Breast cancer screening program. Meanwhile, our findings provide a reference for governments, hospitals and policies aiming to increasing primary care physicians’ intention to provide rural women with BCSs.

Background: Improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among hypertensive individuals has emerged as a significant public health issue. However, current research has ignored the individual heterogeneity of perceived social support (PSS) among hypertensive patients. The potential mechanism of delay discounting (DD), living alone, and PSS on HRQoL remains unclear, and further exploration is required. Aim: This study aimed to ascertain PSS profiles among hypertensive patients and examine the hypotheses that DD mediates the relationship between PSS and HRQoL and that this mediating process is moderated by living alone in hypertensive patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Jiangsu, China. In total, 1815 hypertensive patients completed sociodemographic and HRQoL questionnaires, a PSS scale, and a DD task. Data analyses included a latent profile analysis, chi(2)-test, 2-test, Spearman correlation analysis, and PROCESS macro for regression analysis. Results: Four potential PSS profiles were identified: lowest (3.2%), moderate-low (26.6%), moderate-high (42.4%), and highest (27.8%). DD mediated the association between PSS and HRQoL. The first half of this mediating process was moderated by living alone. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that PSS, DD, and living alone significantly influence the HRQoL of individuals with hypertension. Healthcare professionals should consider variations in PSS among hypertensive patients and implement interventions to reduce DD by enhancing PSS, in order to improve the HRQoL of this population.

Chinese rural women aged 35–64 years are encouraged to complete breast cancer screening (BCS) free of charge. However, it is challenging to reach a satisfying BCS uptake rate. In this study, rural women’s preferences and preferences heterogeneity were measured for the development of strategies to enhance participation in BCS. A cross-sectional survey with a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted via convenience sampling via face-to-face interviews in Jiangsu, China. Six DCE attributes were identified through a systematic literature review; our previous study of Chinese rural women’s BCS intentions; a qualitative work involving in-depth interviews with rural women (n = 13), medical staff (n = 4), and health care managers (n = 2); and knowledge of realistic and actionable policy. The D-efficient design was generated using Ngene 1.3.0. A mixed logit model (MXL) in Stata 18.0 was used to estimate the main effect of attribute levels on rural women’s preferences. The relative importance and willingness to utilize BCS services (WTU) were also estimated. The heterogeneous preferences were analyzed by a latent class model (LCM). Sociodemographic status was used to predict the characteristics of class membership. The WTU for different classes was also calculated. A total of 451 rural women, aged 35–64 years, were recruited. The MXL results revealed that the screening interval (SI) was the most important attribute for rural women with regard to utilizing BCS services, followed by the level of screening, the attitude of medical staff, ways to get knowledge and information, people who recommend screening, and time spent on screening (TSS). Rural women preferred a BCS service with a shorter TSS; access to knowledge and information through multiple approaches; a shorter SI; a recommendation from medical staff or workers from the village or community, and others; the enthusiasm of medical staff; and medical staff with longer tenures in the field. Two classes named “process driven” and “efficiency driven” were identified by the preference heterogeneity analysis of the LCM. There is a higher uptake of breast cancer screening when services are tailored to women's preferences. The screening interval was the most important attribute for rural women in China with a preference for a yearly screening interval versus longer intervals.

Background: Prosocial behavior is essential for effective patient communication and building a positive doctor-patient relationship in medical students. Research on the factors influencing prosocial behavior in medical students is limited. This research aims to examine how perceived social support influences prosocial behavior among medical students, focusing on the mediating role of empathy and the moderating role of moral identity. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2425 medical students from central and southern Jiangsu province. Participants were assessed using the Prosocial Behavior Scale, Interpersonal Response Index Scale, Moral Identity Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale, with data collected through via an online questionnaire. SPSS PROCESS macro model 4.1 was used to examine the mediating effect and the moderating effect. Results: Perceived social support showed a significant positive correlation with prosocial behavior among medical students. The indirect effects of perceived social support on prosocial behavior through perspective taking (beta(indirect) = 0.11, 95% Boot CI [0.09, 0.13]) and empathic concern (beta(indirect) = 0.08, 95% Boot CI [0.06, 0.10]) confirmed the mediating roles of these variables, accounting for 32.05% and 23.82% of the total effect, respectively. However, personal distress did not mediate this relationship (beta(indirect) = -0.004, 95% Boot CI [-0.01, 0.005]). Moral identity significantly moderated the effect of perceived social support on perspective taking (beta = 0.05, p < 0.01) and the relationship between perspective taking and prosocial behavior (beta = 0.12, p < 0.001). Additionally, moral identity also moderated the relationships between perceived social support and empathic concern (beta = -0.05, p < 0.01) and between empathic concern and prosocial behavior (beta = 0.08, p < 0.001). While the interaction between perceived social support and moral identity predicted personal distress (beta = 0.04, p < 0.05), moral identity did not moderate the relationship between personal distress and prosocial behavior (beta = 0.03, p = 0.12). Conclusion: This study underscores the link between perceived social support and prosocial behavior, highlighting the significant roles of perspective taking, empathic concern, and moral identity in this relationship. These findings underscore the potential of cultivating these psychological mechanisms to foster caring and prosocial behaviors among medical students, providing important references for future educational interventions and policy formulation.

Background:This study aimed to explore the levels of anxiety and depression in a sample of home-quarantined college students to identify the risk factors for psychological distress during the COVID-19 lockdown.Methods:A total of 1156 college students studying in Jiangsu, China, participated from August 5 to August 14. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data anonymously, including demographic characteristics, the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire, the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), a physical activity scale, and items related to COVID-19. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were employed to establish the differences in levels of anxiety and depression across sociodemographic characteristics. Binary logistic regression was applied to measure the predictors of levels of anxiety and depression, and associations were considered significant at p <0.05.Results:The estimates of anxiety and depression were 48.1% and 57.6%, respectively. The univariate analysis indicated a significant difference in anxiety levels across student grades, whether the student was an only child, the distance from the worst-hit areas, and physical activity/exercise intensity. Physical activity intensity and living in communities with infected people were statistically correlated with the level of depression. Binary logistic regression results indicated that the predictive factors for anxiety were living within a short distance from the worst-hit areas (10~20 km), engaging in higher education (graduate students), and low-intensity daily exercise. Factors statistically predicting depression symptoms were having siblings, a COVID-19 diagnosis in the community and low-intensity daily exercise.Conclusion:During outbreaks, students in an extremely stressful state are more likely to develop anxiety and depression, particularly postgraduates. Psychological interventions to reduce fears and encourage exercise should be available to home-quarantined college students. Students who live in the worst-hit areas and are not the only child in the family should be prioritized.

采用问卷调查法,收集性别、年龄、受教育水平、工作年限、职称、是否使用过虚拟仿真技术等相关资料,通过多因素Logistics回归分析教师在医学教育中应用虚拟仿真技术的意愿与人口社会学特征的关系,并基于整合型技术接受模型分析应用意愿的影响因素,为提高其应用积极性提供参考.共获得有效样本356个,问卷信效度良好.回归分析结果表明,是否使用过虚拟仿真技术对行为意愿产生影响(OR=2.406,95％CI:1.239～3.379);结构方程模型拟合度良好,社群影响对行为意向的积极影响力最强(b=0.537,P<0.001),绩效期望次之(b=0.313,P<0.001),努力期望(b=-0.104,P>0.05)与促成因素(b=0.094,P>0.05)对行为意向的影响不显著.结果提示,在医学专业教师中要加强绩效期望,加大社群影响,加深合作交流,推动资源共享,并注重使用过和未使用过虚拟仿真技术的两种教师群体的差异.

BackgroundPromoting cervical cancer screening (CCS) is undoubtedly effective in combating severe public health problems in developing countries, but there are challenges to its implementation. Understanding the factors influencing primary care physicians' intentions to provide CCSs to rural women is crucial for the future implementation of screening programs. The aim of this study was to assess the intentions of primary care physicians to provide cervical cancer screening services (CCSSs) to rural women and their determinants.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 1,308 primary care physicians in rural primary health care, and the data collection tool was developed based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which included demographic characteristics, the basic constructs of TPB, and the degree of knowledge of CCSSs as an extended variable of the TPB model. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships between each factor.ResultsPathway analysis found that TPB is an appropriate theoretical basis for predicting primary care physicians' intent to provide CCSSs (χ2/df = 2.234 < 3, RMSEA = 0.035, and SRMR = 0.034). Meanwhile, the structural equation model showed that attitude (β = 0.251, p < 0.001), subjective norm (β = 0.311, p < 0.001), perceived behavioral control (β = 0.162, p < 0.001), and knowledge level (β = 0.152, p < 0.01) positively predicted primary care physicians' intention to provide CCSSs.ConclusionsTPB model, with the addition of knowledge, was useful in predicting primary care physicians' intention to provide CCSSs for rural Chinese women. The findings of this study provide a reference for the government and hospitals to develop strategies to improve the intent of primary care physicians to provide CCSSs.

Background The number of Chinese clinical trials has continued to grow throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but we know little about clinical trial team members’ perceptions and attitudes toward the impacts of the pandemic. This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical trials in China from the perspective of research staff to provide a deeper understanding and some recommendations for the ongoing and upcoming clinical trials during the pandemic. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed to respondents throughout mainland China between September 2021 and October 2021. The participants assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical trials based on a 5-point Likert-type scale, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to confirm the factor structure. Descriptive statistical analysis and the Mann-Whitney test were used to discover the differences between different groups. Results A total of 2,393 questionnaires from 272 hospitals were collected in mainland China. Factor analysis resulted in 4 factors, with a cumulative explained variance of 64.93%, as follows: subject enrollment, patient care, study supplies and data management, and research milestones and quality management. The research team members, predominantly represented by clinical research coordinators (CRCs), basically agreed with all but 3 preset scenarios of the impact of COVID-19 on clinical trials. Most respondents did not agree that the pandemic was associated with more serious adverse events (SAEs), missed reports of safety events, or any increase of unscheduled unblinding. In addition, significant differences were revealed in different age, gender, and role groups of respondents based on their views on the impact of the pandemic. Conclusions The current pandemic situation has had a negative impact on clinical trials, especially in terms of subject recruitment and protocol compliance, yet research team members feel confident that some of the effective measures proposed in the study can moderate the negative impact.

Background:It was reported that the incidence of breast cancer (BC) was the highest among cancers worldwide. The breast cancer screening (BCS) program is regarded as an effective preventive measure. However, rural women's willingness to participate in the BCS program is relatively low. To provide measures to prevent BC, it is necessary for the government to identify the influencing factors of rural women's BCS intention.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3,011 rural women by a convenience sampling method through face-to-face interviews on a self-designed questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was conducted to determine the predictors of BCS intention, and a multi-group analysis (MGA) of age was performed to identify if there were differences in all hypotheses between different age groups.Results:There were still rural women who have not been screened for BC in five years (41.7%). The research model of rural women's intention to accept this prevention against BC was rational. All of the hypotheses are supported. Especially, subjective norm (SN) (β = 0.345, p < 0.001) is found to be the strongest predictor followed by the perceived behavioral control 1 (PBC 1) (personal factors, including distance, transportation, busyness, etc.) (β = 0.165, p < 0.001), attitude (β = 0.152, p < 0.001), past behavior (PB) (β = 0.150, p < 0.001), knowledge (β = 0.121, p < 0.001), and perceived behavioral control 2 (PBC 2) (pain and cultural-social factors including embarrassment from a physician, etc.) (β = 0.042, p < 0.05). The advocacy and education (A&E), medical level and service attitude (ML&SA) of township health centers and village clinics can affect behavior intention (BI) via attitude, SN, and PBC. The results of MGA of age indicate that there are significant differences among rural women of different ages regarding the relationship between A&E and PBC 2 (p < 0.01) and the effect of PB on BI (p < 0.001).Conclusion:The TPB with the addition of PB, knowledge, ML&SA, and A&E can provide the theoretical basis for the policy intervention that aims to enhance the rural women's BCS willingness. MGA of age is conducive to promoting the implementation of the BCS policy. The findings are of great significance to improve rural women's health levels.

Background High screening coverage can effectively reduce the mortality in breast and cervical cancer. Further research on extending the coverage of breast and cervical cancer screening in China is required. This study explored factors influencing women's “two-cancer” screening service utilization using an ecological approach. Methods Data were obtained from the National Health Services Survey (NHSS) conducted in 2018 in Jiangsu, China. A total of 3,500 women aged 18–64 years were included in the analysis. Chi-squared test, hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis were performed. Results In total, 44.1% of the women had been screened for breast cancer (BC) and 40.9% for cervical cancer (CC). Breast cancer screening (BCS) and cervical cancer screening (CCS) differed significantly in the following common categories: age, gestational experiences, chronic disease status, body mass index (BMI), exercise, health checkup, marital status, number of children, employment, education, family doctors, and health records. In the results of hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis, the explanatory power of the final model was 37.5% and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.812. The results showed that being in the age group of 35–64 years, having gestational experiences, having chronic diseases, exercising, having a health checkup, being married, having children, and being employed were statistically significant positive predictors of “two-cancer” screening adherence. The household size was a barrier. For BCS, obesity was also a negative factor, and a higher overall self-related health status was a positive factor. Being married and living in households of three or more families were not predictors. For CCS, having health records was also positively significant, while having chronic disease did not influence adherence. Conclusion The findings provide an ecological explanation for women's BCS and CCS service utilization. Both proximal and distal factors should be considered to achieve a high coverage rate.

目的:探究医学生感恩对亲社会行为的影响及其作用机制.方法:采用感恩问卷(GQ-6)、亲社会行为倾向量表(PTM)、共情量表(IRI-C)、领悟社会支持问卷(PSSS)对四所高校共2788名医学生进行问卷调查.结果:(1)感恩显著正向预测共情和亲社会行为(β=0.25,0.24;P＜0.001);(2)共情在感恩和亲社会行为之间的中介作用显著(β=0.38,t=22.24,P＜0.001);(3)感恩与共情的关系(即中介效应的前半段路径)受到领悟社会支持的调节(β=0.05,t=3.23,P＜0.01).结论:感恩能直接预测亲社会行为,也能通过共情的中介作用影响亲社会行为,且中介作用受到领悟社会支持的调节.

[目的]构建基于计划行为理论的农村妇女宫颈癌筛查行为意向拓展模型,探讨农村妇女宫颈癌筛查行为意向的影响因素.[方法]通过方便抽样的方法分别在苏北、苏中、苏南3个地区共抽取7个调查点获取农村妇女样本,用偏最小二乘法结构方程模型评估研究假设和研究模型.[结果]共获取3 042个有效样本,问卷内部信度和效度、结构模型拟合度良好.模型验证结果表明,行为意向的方差解释率为40.7％,主观规范(β=0.345,P＜0.001)是农村妇女参与宫颈癌筛查行为意向的最强烈影响因素,其次是过去的筛查行为(β=0.175,P＜0.001)、知觉行为控制(β=0.168,P＜0.001)、态度(β=0.144,P＜0.001)、知识(β=0.131,P＜0.001).村卫生室或乡镇卫生院供方因素对农村妇女态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制产生积极影响,并通过态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制影响行为意向.知识、过去的筛查行为分别与态度、知觉行为控制呈正相关关系,并分别通过态度、知觉行为控制影响行为意向.[结论]计划行为理论对农村妇女宫颈癌筛查行为具有良好的解释力和预测力,要改善农村妇女态度,引导其主观规范和知觉行为控制.同时,要发挥村卫生室或乡镇卫生院供方因素、知识、过去的筛查行为协同作用.

目的:探讨医学生共情对其亲社会行为的影响,分析领悟社会支持和道德认同在其中的中介作用.方法:采用共情量表、领悟社会支持量表、道德认同问卷、亲社会行为倾向量表对江苏省4所院校的医学生进行调查.结果:共得到有效问卷2989份.医学生共情、亲社会行为、社会支持和道德认同得分依次为(49.14±10.48)、(75.5±12.06)、(38.04±7.40)、(64.42±12.66).医学生共情、领悟社会支持、道德认同、亲社会行为之间呈显著正向相关关系(P＜0.001).共情通过领悟社会支持与道德认同形成的链式中介作用预测医学生的亲社会行为,其中共情与亲社会行为间的直接效应为0.30,领悟社会支持与道德认同的链式中介效应为0.03.结论:共情通过领悟社会支持和道德认同的单独中介作用以及领悟社会支持和道德认同的链式中介作用影响医学生的亲社会行为.