通过腐蚀试验、恒电流加速试验以及耦合性能试验,研究了铝合金和锌合金作为牺牲阳极材料在高温稠油输送管道中的适用性.结果表明:随着温度升高,两种阳极材料的腐蚀速率增大,实际电容量和电流效率减小,消耗率增大,使用寿命降低.在80℃条件下,铝阳极的腐蚀速率和消耗率均低于锌阳极的,且与T/S-52K管线钢的耦合电位更负,耦合电流更大,阴极保护作用更显著,而锌阳极在80℃下的工作电位高于最小保护电位,不满足GB/T 21448-2017标准的要求.铝合金较锌合金更适合作为高温稠油输送管道的牺牲阳极材料.

通过固体缓蚀剂的释放率测试、缓蚀效果评价,结合线性极化、动电位极化和交流阻抗图谱(EIS)等电化学测试分析,探讨其缓蚀作用机理及在高温埋地输送管道防护中的适用性.结果表明:在管输工况条件下,固体缓蚀剂释放时间为33 d.当固体缓蚀剂加药量为5000 mg/L时,可以显著降低T/S-52 K钢的腐蚀速率,在模拟管输工况条件下,其缓蚀效率为89.16％.添加固体缓蚀剂后,T/S-52K钢的极化电阻R p迅速升高,电极反应阻力增大,自腐蚀电位显著正移,腐蚀速率明显降低;缓蚀剂成相膜层主要通过阻滞阴极电化学反应,发挥缓蚀作用.固体缓蚀剂的释放组元可在金属表面形成"成相的"膜层,随着腐蚀时间的延长,缓蚀剂成相膜层的膜阻Rm显著增大.通过简单有效的评价方法得到固体缓蚀剂的释放速率及最佳加药量,对固体缓蚀剂的实际应用具有指导意义.

长庆油田采出水矿化度高,富含成垢离子、腐蚀性物质含量高,采出水管道腐蚀结垢严重,破漏频繁,造成了很大的安全环保压力.通过安装24套采出水系统在线腐蚀监测挂环,掌握了在用碳钢管道的腐蚀状况.结合室内挂片产物分析、水质离子分析和现场腐蚀因素测试等工作,明确了长庆油田采出水系统腐蚀形态主要表现为以Cl-为主导致的点蚀和钙盐、钡盐为主的垢下腐蚀;腐蚀类型以CO2腐蚀为主,同时还有一定的硫化物腐蚀,应重视采出水中杀菌措施.

随着科技的发展,和人民生活水平的提高,能源供应越来越紧张,在石油钻井中各国都不断研发新技术以提高钻井效率,本文将就石油钻井中涡轮钻井技术的应用进行探讨.

新疆油田公司生产运行管理系统为适应油气田勘探开发业务快速发展和体制机制变革的需要，紧紧围绕油气田发展目标，提出以提高工作效率为核心，突出“严、细、准、狠、快”调度作风，发挥“五项职能”，加强日常管理，通过提升生产信息数据系统、加强处置应急事故事件的横向和纵向联动机制、强化生产运行的严密组织和决策指挥，建立信息收集、系统分析、实施超前规划、超前部署、严密组织、统一指挥的运行管理体系，提高运行管理的执行力，实现运行管理的精细化、规范化、科学化的管理，从而提高生产运行管理水平。

随着公司“十一五”信息化建设的,围绕新疆油田公司建成“数字油田”的目标要求,新疆油田生产指挥系统作为全面建设“数字油田”的重要组织部分.因此,新疆油田公司管理层决定研究开发新疆油田生产指挥系统.生产指挥系统研究开发坚持边建设,边研究,边使用,以用促建,不断完善,最终形成功能较完善的油田生产指挥系统,该系统主要以图示化形式对公司生产动态信息进行直观展示,并实现预警、报警功能,通过多层次分析,可以找出生产突变的原因.该系统实现了勘探、开发、产能建设、储运、供用水、供用电、运输、生产运行管理、生产监控管理、气象服务数据等信息的共享,公司相关单位能够很方便地调用各类数据,并进行查询分析.生产指挥系统整合集成了公司生产应用系统和生产辅助系统,覆盖了新疆油田的全部生产业务部门,使各种数据查询、数据分析等业务工作都能通过该系统完成.实现了油田各类生产信息的运行分析,生产情况的变化预警分析、信息钻取分析、重点项目计划执行情况跟踪、生产事故的抢险救灾,全面提升了公司智能化管理水平.

新疆油田公司生产运行管理系统为适应油气田勘探开发业务快速发展和体制机制变革的需要,紧紧围绕油气田发展目标,提出以提高工作效率为核心,突出“严、细、准、狠、快”调度作风,发挥“五项职能”,加强日常管理,通过提升生产信息数据系统、加强处置应急事故事件的横向和纵向联动机制、强化生产运行的严密组织和决策指挥,建立信息收集、系统分析、实施超前规划、超前部署、严密组织、统一指挥的运行管理体系,提高运行管理的执行力,实现运行管理的精细化、规范化、科学化的管理,从而提高生产运行管理水平.

The Shanggu Gas Well of PetroChina Changqing Oil Field Company is characterized by low CO2,high minerality and greater variations of pH value of media,and gas well's tube temperatures are mostly in the sensitive range(60～100 ℃) where the corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanisms change frequently.All these features impose a high requirement for the compatibility of corrosion inhibitor.Based upon the analysis of the characteristics of the above corrosion environment,the corrosion inhibitor's physical and chemical properties,associated compatibilities and electro-chemical performance as well as mass-loss of coupon testing in high temperature,high pressure and well tube,a water-soluble corrosion inhibitor(HGCQ) has been successfully developed for the corrosion environment of gas wells with low CO2 and high minerality.The corrosion inhibitor is good in water solubility,excellent in high-temperature and low-temperature stabilities and good in compatibility with methanol and MDEA.The laboratory tests have confirmed that the corrosion inhibition mechanism of the corrosion inhibitor is anode inhibition type and the optimal addition dosage is 300 mg/L.The high-temperature and high-pressure testing of simulated corrosion environment of Jingbian gas well and 3 months' mass-loss field coupon testing in a gas well show that the corrosion inhibitor is good in corrosion inhibition performance and effective in controlling the corrosion of pipe of gas well.

Longdong oilfield wastewater corrosion is serious,brings the serious influence for the oil production.Combined with water analysis and corrosion product's laboratory analysis,the primary factor which this station wastewater line corroded was clear,and proposed the corresponding anticorrosion measurements.

For outer corrosion of casing of single or double well cluster in loess plateau area,the CP technology of outdoor removable deep well anodic in Changqing Oilfield was tested.When the CP system operating voltage of the composite anode of MMO and silicon cast iron was less than 16 V and the anodic well depth was more than 200 m,the depth of casings protected was more than 1 400 m and the MMO anode was removable.This technology offers an economic and suitable way to protect the casings of complete single or double well clusters in the oilfield similar to that in loess plateau area.

The oil wells in Petrochina Changqing Oil Field Compang suffered from severe corrosion.Based upon the characteristics of CO_2 cor- rosion and SRB corrosion in oil wells in Longdong Area and H_2S corrosion in wells in Jingdong Area,corrosion inhibitors resisting CO_2 and H_2S corrosion were evaluated and screened.The inhibitor can be injected inside the wells by titration devices for long-term continuous injection and control of corrosion inhibitor concentration in production liquid so as to achieve good inhibition results.The injection cyele is over 8 months.The field tests in the 5 wells in Longdong Area and 5 wells in Jingdong Area show that the corrosion inhibition rate is as high as 96%, there is no pitting corrosion on the surface of test coupons,which indicates that the corrosion has been effectively controlled.

The field coupon tests indicated that the Jurassic oil well pipe in the oil field of PetroChina Changqing Oil Field Company suffered from severe internal corrosion,especially the pit corrosion.The corrosion protection measures were recommended such as DPC internal coating for the new pipes and continuous drip addition of corrosion inhibitor for the existing wells.

Several thick water bearing formations are overlying on the reservoirs of a gas filed with average depth of 3400m in Changqing oilfield. The general tendency of vertical corrosion distribution seen from quantitative data of corrosion rate is incremental from the top down. According to the standard of NACE RP0775-91, the corrosion rate is high and is some magnitude between moderate corrosion and severe corrosion. It is proposed that the compound corrosion inhibitor for completion fluid can be used to retard the corrosion of external water to casing. A few inhibitors were selected and their properties sucn as composition, compatibility, film forming ability and corrosion control were determined, and MIG was the optimum product. It can be seen from the laboratory electrochemical and HTHP tests that it had a corrosion control ratio of more than 86%, a stable compatibility with drilling fluid and a moderate cost. The in-situ application in two wells showed that MIG hardly had influence on the physical and chemical properties of the drilling and completion fluids, the quality of cementing and was preferable and qualified which indicated MIG had no effect on the qualities of first and second cementing interfaces and also the field operation is conven ient, simple and safe.

Some annular oil well pipes of PetroChina Changqing Oil Field Company suffered from severe corrosion. The main performances of the internal DPC coating are studied, which show that the coating can effectively control the internal corrosion. The application process is proposed and coating has been successfully applied in 35 oil wells.

自长庆靖边气田大规模开发以来,气井井筒的腐蚀和防腐工艺一直是采气工艺中的重要问题.通过对几种腐蚀预测模型的分析,结合长庆气田腐蚀现状,将引进的腐蚀预测软件技术与同一气井不同段、多口井特定段失重挂片和措施井起出油管柱进行腐蚀分析对比,验证预测的可行性和不足处.在实践基础上探讨了在缓蚀剂加注方式和制度方面研究的一些结论和存在的问题.最后提出了靖边气田井筒防腐的几个针对性研究方向.

There are some development in improving the corrosion resistance of steel by nitriding technology, systemic investigation are still lack for J55 nitriding casing tube. The quality detections of nitriding casing tubes were carried out, at the same time the anticorrosion properties under local damage and different tension was studied by electrochemical methods. Combining the data of stress corrosion crack and three-point bending test, the applicable conditions of nitriding casing tube are that the well depth is not more than 1700 m and camber is less than 5°/30 m, which offer reference to the downhole test of nitriding casing tubes in Changqing oilfield.

Vacuum gas nitriding (VGN) technology was adopted and evaluated for well casing to against the corrosion in Changqing oilfield.A uniform protective nitriding layer is formed on the surface of well casing treated by the technology so that the wear and corrosion resistance are improved with origin mechanical properties.Lots of indoor and field tests prove that VGN oil tubing has outstanding anti-corrosive property in corrosive environments of Changqing oilfield.Besides the effects of microscopic surface of nitriding layer under various bending and tensile stress were investigated,and then downhole qualificating of VGN well casing was determined.VGN oil well casing was applied to two wells in 2003 firstly.The VGN technology provides a new idea for corrosion protection of well casing used in oilfield with low field and low infiltration.

在模拟的环烷酸腐蚀环境中,试验研究了20号碳钢和1Cr18Ni9Ti,304,316L三种不锈钢等四种炼油化工常用材料的环烷酸腐蚀行为.结果表明:四种材料耐环烷酸腐蚀的性能从好到差的次序为316L＞304＞1Cr18Ni9Ti＞20号碳钢;探讨了主要合金元素对材料耐环烷酸腐蚀的影响,指出钼含量对材料的耐蚀性能具有重要作用.

CO_2 corrosion behaviors of 1Cr13,2Cr13 and HP13Cr stainless steels were studied in the simulated high pressure and high temperature CO_2 corrosion environment.The results showed that the uniform corrosion rates of the three kinds of materials were 2Cr131Cr13HP13Cr ,the peak all in 150 ℃.They were also increased with the increase of CO_2 partial pressure.Flow velocity and Cl~- concentration when it was within 10×10~(-6)～10 000×10~(-6).When the concentration of Cl~- concentration exceeded 10 000×10~(-6),the uniform corrosion rate. Was reduced with the increasee of it.