As the material basis of phytoremediation for heavy metal-contaminated soils, hyperaccumulator plants are capable of metal hyperaccumulation. Rapid and accurate detection and visualization of heavy metals in hyperaccumulators are essential for investigating metal translocation and monitoring phytoremediation. However, existing analytical and mapping techniques are time-consuming and inefficient in quantification, hindering remediation tracking and timely decision-making, while their high cost and limited accessibility reduce economic feasibility for agricultural and environmental applications. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a promising alternative for elemental mapping due to its complementary analytical performance and costeffective instrumentation. Here, LIBS assisted with artificial intelligence was used to establish a quantitative elemental mapping method for Cd and Zn in Sedum alfredii, an important Cd/Zn co-hyperaccumulator. A dataset of 288 samples, comprising shoots and roots of hydroponically and soil-cultivated S. alfredii, was used to develop and test quantitative models. Traditional machine learning encountered overfitting and poor performance in lowconcentration samples. To overcome the challenge, a convolutional neural network (CNN) with feature fusion was applied to enhance predictability, reduce matrix effect interference, and enable integrated detection across shoots and roots (Cd: coefficient of determination (R2test) = 0.9887, residual prediction deviation (RPD) = 9.46; Zn: R2test = 0.9887, RPD = 15.21). SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) offered model interpretability by quantifying feature importance, promoting future development of portable LIBS devices. Based on optimal models, quantitative mapping across the leaf-stem-root system was generated, revealing Cd and Zn uptake through root tips and lateral roots, with translocation from roots to shoots and older to younger shoots. The LIBSbased quantitative elemental mapping provides an effective tool for monitoring heavy metals in hyperaccumulators, guiding phytoremediation, and securing agricultural production.

Visible near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy is widely used for rapid soil element detection, but calibration models are often limited by instrument-specific constraints, including varying laboratory conditions and sensor configurations. To address this, we propose a novel calibration transfer method that eliminates the conventional requirement of designating ‘master’ and ‘slave’ devices. Instead, spectral data from two spectrometers are fused to create a master spectrum, while independent spectral data serve as slave spectra. We developed an ensemble stacking model, incorporating partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector regression (SVR), and ridge regression (Ridge) in the first layer, with BoostForest (BF) as the second layer, trained on the fused master spectrum. This model was further integrated with three calibration transfer methods: direct standardization (DS), piecewise direct standardization (PDS), and spectral space transfer (SST), to enable seamless application across slave spectra. Applied to soil total nitrogen (TN) detection, the method achieved an R2P of 0.842, RMSEP of 0.017, and RPD of 2.544 on the first slave spectrometer, and an R2P of 0.830, RMSEP of 0.018, and RPD of 2.452 on the second. These results demonstrate the method’s ability to simplify calibration processes while enhancing cross-instrument prediction accuracy, supporting robust and generalizable cross-instrument applications.

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) could facilitate biodegradation of organic pollutants and recover electric power. To enhance the removal capacity of dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and steer the sulfur conversion route, a potential steered approach is proposed in this work. Among -0.35 V, -0.16 V, +0.17 V, and +0.73 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) for bioanode acclimation, the potential of -0.35 V is proved to optimally enhance the power generation. Both of the two negative potentials increase the DMDS removal capacity by 1.54-fold, while the potential of -0.35 V is favor for S2- accumulation, and -0.16 V stimulates the yield of S0 by 100 %. Furthermore, the anode potential is found to affect the microbial community and thus steer the MFC performance. Conversely, its steering effect on the transmembrane and extracellular electron transfer groups is limited. Overall, these findings provide fundamental information on rapid DMDS degradation and S0 recovery in MFC.

Heavy metal pollution has a negative impact on water resources and poses a threat to crop safety and human health through biogeochemical cycles. To detect heavy metals in water, the dried droplet method (DDM) combined with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is commonly used. However, the uneven distribution of heavy metals caused by the coffee ring effect (CRE) can adversely affect the intensity and stability of the detection signal. In this study, the cellulose-based homogeneous method (CHM) was proposed to suppress CRE, ensure a uniform distribution of heavy metal (represented by Cadmium (Cd) in experiments) on the liquid-solid conversion deposition layer, and enhance the detection signal. A rapidly evaluated approach was developed using LIBS to visualize the homogeneity of Cd distribution on the deposition layer, which could also determine the type and concentration of cellulose. Furthermore, a comprehensive investigation of the mechanism was conducted from the perspective of fluid dynamics. The use of CHM resulted in a 94.81% increase in signal average intensity and reduced the relative standard deviation (RSD) to 0.13 times. The R2 value achieved 0.997, and the limit of detection (LOD) reached 0.029mg/L. CHM was validated using natural lake water samples spiked with a standard Cd solution resulting in a recovery rate ranging from 105.3% to 109.06%. The proposed method exhibits great potential to detect heavy metals in water resources, industrial wastewater, and agricultural water to assess water quality and water security.

Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is a valuable herbal medicine, as well as a dietary food supplement known for its satisfactory clinical efficacy in alleviating blood stasis, reducing swelling, and relieving pain. However, the ability of P. notoginseng to absorb and accumulate cadmium (Cd) poses a significant environmental pollution risk and potential health hazards to humans. In this study, we employed laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the rapid detection of Cd. It is important to note that signal uncertainty can impact the quantification performance of LIBS. Hence, we proposed the crater–spectrum feature fusion method, which comprises ablation crater morphology compensation and characteristic peak ratio correction (CPRC), to explore the feasibility of signal uncertainty reduction. The crater morphology compensation method, namely, adding variables using multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis, decreased the root-mean-square error of the prediction set (RMSEP) from 7.0233 μg/g to 5.4043 μg/g. The prediction results were achieved after CPRC pretreatment using the calibration curve model with an RMSEP of 3.4980 μg/g, a limit of detection of 1.92 μg/g, and a limit of quantification of 6.41 μg/g. The crater–spectrum feature fusion method reached the lowest RMSEP of 2.8556 μg/g, based on a least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) model. The preliminary results suggest the effectiveness of the crater–spectrum feature fusion method for detecting Cd. Furthermore, this method has the potential to be extended to detect other toxic metals in addition to Cd, which significantly contributes to ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural production.

As the core component of microbial fuel cells, the conductivity and biocompatibility of anode are hard to achieve simultaneously but significantly influence the power generation performance and the overall cost of microbial fuel cells. Stainless steel felt has a low price and high conductivity, making it a potential anode for the large-scale application of microbial fuel cells. However, its poor biocompatibility limits its application. This study provides a one-step binder-free modification method of a stainless steel felt anode with reduced graphene oxide to retain the high conductivity while greatly improving biocompatibility. The maximum power density achieved by reduced graphene oxide modified stainless steel felt was 951.89 mW/m2, 5.49 and 1.91 times higher than the unmodified stainless steel felt anode and reduced graphene oxide coated stainless steel felt by Nafion, respectively. The robust reduced graphene oxide modification markedly improved the biocompatibility by forming a uniform biofilm and utilizing the high conductivity of reduced graphene oxide to enhance the charge transfer rate. It led to 92.7 and 37.9% decreases in charge transfer resistance of reduced graphene oxide modified stainless steel felt compared to the unmodified one and the anode modified with reduced graphene oxide by Nafion, respectively. The excellent performance and green synthesis method of the anode validated its potential as a high-performance anode material for scaled-up microbial fuel cell applications.

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) can harvest chemical energy stored in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and consequently are of great potential for waste gas treatment and energy recovery. However, the inadequate connection between active cells and bioanode substrate hinders the extracellular electron transfer, especially in the upper layer of biofilm, resulting in restricted degradation capacity and power output. Herein, we propose a pore matching strategy to establish electron transfer nanowires around individual cells by embedding them separately inside a pore-matched sponge (core-shell polyaniline @ carbon nanotube, PANI@CNT). The resulting MFC for toluene degradation presents 4.41 times increase in power density (279.91 mW m-2), 2.64 times increase in coulombic efficiency (18.13%), and 2.02 times increase in toluene degradation activity (0.77 h-1), which also possesses considerable advantages over literature results. Furthermore, metagenomic analysis indicates that the genes for transmembrane and extracellular electron transfer are down-regulated, validating the effectiveness of the PANI@CNT nanowires linking individual cells with bioanode substrate. These findings reveal the feasibility of the pore matching strategy to boost toluene degradation and power extraction in MFC, and give an in-depth insight into transmembrane and extracellular electron transfer mechanisms.

Retinal fibrosis, including epiretinal membrane (ERM) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), is an ocular disease that can lead to blindness. An efficacious therapy remains an unmet medical challenge. In this study, we intended to explore the inhibitory effects of the nanoparticle-mediated delivery of plasminogen kringle 5 (K5-NPs) on laser-induced ERM and to identify the potential anti-fibrosis targets of K5-NPs. A rat model of laser-induced ERM was used. Control-NPs or K5-NPs were intravitreally injected. ERM formation was observed in vivo. The expression of fibrosis-associated factors including TGF-β, CTGF, and α-SMA was detected by qRT-PCR, Western blot, or immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that K5-NPs effectively inhibit laser-induced ERM formation. The expression of α-SMA, the marker of myofibroblast, apparently decreased in immunostained ERMs in the K5-NPs group. The expression of CTGF, a pro-fibrotic factor, in our ERM rat model was significantly downregulated by K5-NPs. Meanwhile, the expression of TGF-β, the upstream regulator of CTGF, was found to be suppressed by K5-NPs as well. The anti-fibrosis effect of K5-NPs might be achieved by interfering with TGF-β expression, thus abrogating the TGF-β-induced upregulation of CTGF and α-SMA. Our study has an important clinical relevance, demonstrating that K5-NPs might offer an additional efficacious clinical option for treating fibrosis-related diseases.

2015年3月28日，《推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动》发布。穿越千年的丝绸之路在21世纪被诠释出新的重大意义，成为举世瞩目的中国国家战略。溯回古代，瓷器和钱币作为丝路贸易和交换的两大主要内容，对于今人不仅有着巨大的历史研究价值，同样也有着收藏投资意义。

In this research, soft-binding aminopropanol (APP) was employed as an efficient ligand, for the transfer of as-prepared hydrophobic CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) into polar solvents. It was found that the ligands at the surface of the original QDs could be completely replaced by APP after a phase-transferring process which successfully maintained fluorescence properties and original morphology of the QDs. The resulting intermediate QDs were soluble in common polar organic solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide (DMF) and tetrahydrofuran (THF), and the soft-binding ligand could be easily removed by exposure to water. Taking advantage of the excellent solubility of the APP-capped QDs and the soft-binding characteristics of APP, a novel reaction-free method was investigated for the fluorescent labeling of polysaccharide-based micelles via encapsulation of the intermediate QDs. The incorporation of QDs had little effect on the size of the micelles and did not elevate their cytotoxicity. A photo-induced fluorescence enhancement effect was observed for the incorporated QDs, and the QD-labeled micelles could be used for cell imaging. The concept of soft-binding ligand capped QDs and the reaction-free fluorescent labeling method can be applied to a wide range of QD studies.

Core-containing backbone hydrolysable hyperbranched polyacetals (HBPAs) were synthesized via the transacetalization polymerization process between a AB2 type monomer (2-(4-(dimethoxymethyl)-phenoxy) ethanol) and a B2 type core (benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal). By continuously removing the alcohol with lower boiling point, the reaction moves toward the direction of polymerization. The molecular weight and polydispersity could be modulated by varying the core feed ratio. Higher core feed ratio led to lower molecular weight and polydispersity. Under weak acidic conditions,the backbone of the polymer broke down and yielded 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-benzaldehyde as the final degradation product. The experiments showed that their hydrolysis rates were also obviously affected by the core content in the hyperbranched polyacetals. Increasing core feed ratio can accelerate the hydrolysis rate. By introducing core molecules,the structure and properties of hyperbranched polyacetals can be controlled to a certain extent.

<正>对于老年人消化疾病的诊断和治疗方面,包括胃镜、结肠镜、经内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)、双气囊小肠镜及胶囊内镜等消化内镜是一项不可或缺的重要手段。近年来,随着内镜及内镜诊疗技术的不断发展,消化内镜在老年人消化道疾病方面的有效性和安全性成为研究的重点,受到了更加广泛的关注。

A porous NiO/RGO hybrid film is prepared by the combination of electrophoretic deposition and chemical-bath deposition. The porous hybrid film exhibits a noticeable electrochromism with reversible color changes from transparent to dark brown, and shows high coloration efficiency (76 cm(2) C(-1)), fast switching speed (7.2 s and 6.7 s) and better cycling performance compared with the porous NiO thin film. The enhancement of electrochromic performances are attributed to the reinforcement of the electrochemical activity of the RGO sheets and the greater amount of open space in the porous hybrid film which allows the electrolyte to penetrate and shorten the proton diffusion paths within the bulk of NiO.

<正>增强经费保障。按照"村级自我积累与政府适当补助相结合、基本保障与重点倾斜相结合、激励与约束相结合、民主理财与监督检查相结合"原则,"十二五"时期,广东省将在继续实施已定各项农村基层组织工作经费保障措施的基础上,进一步加大财政投入力度,扩大农村基层组织工作经费省级补助范围,提高

Chitosan-based tricomponent copolymers, chitosan-g-poly(e-caprolactone)-(g-poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate)) (CS-PCL-POEGMA, CPP), are synthesized as multifunctional nanocarriers for antitumor therapy. 2-Bromoisobutyric acid and PCL are first site-specifically conjugated onto the hydroxy groups of chitosan backbone through conventional coupling chemistry to give CS-PCL-Br using sodium dodecyl sulfatechitosan complex as an organosoluble intermediate. CPP-PCL-Br is further used for initiating the single electron transfer-living radical polymerization of OEGMA in the mixed solvent of dimethyl sulfoxide and lactic acid, yielding CPP. One-pot reaction of CPP with a small amount of NaN3 under the catalysis of Cu(I)Br/tris-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine converts the bromo ends of POEGMA grafts to azide functionality, which is used for conjugation of folic acid targeting moiety via azide-alkyne click reactions. The resultant tricomponent copolymers can assemble into spherical micelles with the capacity of coincorporating indocyanine green and Doxorubicin through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, respectively. The dual-agent-loaded micelles display a combined effect for combating HepG2 cells when irradiated with near-infrared laser. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 50: 4936-4946, 2012

<正>《广东省绿道网建设总体规划(2011—2015年)》(下称《规划》)5月7日已获得省政府正式批复,明确提出规划建设全省绿道网,确保到2015年全省建成总长8770公里的省立绿道(含珠三角已建的2372公里),其中今年粤东西北地区各地级以上市在城市建成区须建成840公里。截至2011年底,我省已经超额完成珠三角绿道网"两年全部到位"的任务。珠三角省立绿道累计建成驿站338个,设置标识近1.9万个,沿线新增绿化2735公里。此外还建成城市绿道2828公里,沿线新增绿化2763公里。根据珠三角地区绿道网建设的经验,《规划》综合考虑全省区域经济

张振铎先生作为国画界的老前辈、“长江画派”的开先河者,对他的艺术,大家并不陌生.一位从艺执教六十余年的艺术家,创作出上万幅作品的画家,研究可以从许多不同的角度,编辑画册也可以有许多不同的理解,但有时候资料太多太杂,主线往往反而会变得模糊起来.既然什么都会画,什么风格的东西都收,那么主体在何处?自我在哪里呢?目前许多画家研究都不同程度存在着这样的问题——贪大求全.记得罗丹说过:雕塑就是把多余的东西去掉.画家研究不也是如此吗!

OBJECTIVE:To compare two models of nonalcoholic hepatocellular steatosis.METHODS:HL-7702 cells were incubated with a mixture of of unsaturated oleate acid or 50% fetal bovine serum to induce fat-overloading. Significant fat accumulation was documented by Oil Red O staining , and intracellular triglyceride levels was detected by triglyceride enzymatic assay.RESULTS:The results showed that both 0.5 mmol/ml oleate acid and 50% FBS were able to induce nonalcoholic hepatocellular steatosis.CONCLUSION:A nonalcoholic hepatocellular steatosis was induced by 0.5 mmol/ml oleate acid.

<正>潘天寿(一八九七—一九七一),浙江宁海人,原名天授,一九二三年改为"天寿",字大颐,

RB1基因早已被确认为视网膜母细胞瘤的唯一致病基因,也是人类第一个被分离的肿瘤抑制基因。视网膜母细胞瘤(RB)是婴幼儿最常见的眼科肿瘤,也是一种致死性肿瘤。RB1基因的突变检测,对RB患者及家系成员的分子诊断、筛查、产前诊断、植入前遗传学诊断及早期治疗均具有重要意义。迄今为止,RB1基因中所发现的突变类型包括点突变、缺失、插入、易位、剪接突变以及各种复杂突变,几乎遍布基因的启动子和27个外显子,甚至还有部分内含子突变。但RB1基因不存在突变热点,这大大增加了RB1基因突变筛查的难度。RB1基因的突变不仅存在于视网膜母细胞瘤患者中,而且见于许多恶性肿瘤。本文对RB1基因突变筛查技术和发病风险评估的最新研究进展作一简单综述。