PurposeRetinal degenerative diseases (RDDs) cause irreversible vision loss with limited treatment options. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas have demonstrated neuroprotective effects, yet their overall efficacy lacks comprehensive meta-evidence. The aim of this study was to exploratively evaluate the neuroprotective effects of TCM formulas in animal RDD models.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted across eight electronic databases to identify animal studies that evaluated the neuroprotective effects of TCM formulas on RDDs. Pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) were performed to synthesize evidence on key outcomes: neural growth, glial activation, oxidative stress, apoptosis factors, and ophthalmological parameters. Treatment rankings were assessed using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA).ResultsTwenty-four studies were included. The compositions and bioactive compounds of the TCM formulas have been defined and identified. Pairwise meta-analysis demonstrated that specific TCM formulas might exert neuroprotective effects on RDDs by regulating key biomarkers. Specifically, Zhen-Bao-Wan, Bu-Shen-Yi-Jing-Fang, and Qi-Shen-Yi-Qi pills modulated neural growth and glial activation by upregulating BDNF, CNTF, and reducing GFAP, respectively. Furthermore, Yi-Qi-Wen-Yang-Tong-Luo decoction, Zi-Yin-Ming-Mu decoction, and Yishi-Tablet suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis by reducing SOD, retinal apoptotic cells and caspase-3, respectively. Additionally, Bu-Yang-Huan-Wu decoction improved retinal function by elevating ERG-a and ERG-b wave amplitudes. Subgroup analyses indicated that Bu-Yang-Huan-Wu decoction and Qu-Yu-Tong-Luo prescription exhibited superior efficacy in restoring retinal ganglion cell (RGC) counts and retinal thickness in specific RDD models. The NMA results indicated that the included TCM formulas exhibited target-specific and dose‒response trends, with different formulas showing preferential efficacy for distinct biomarkers. Given the limitations identified in this study, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary evidence to guide future research rather than as conclusive results. Future studies with rigorous experimental designs are needed to address these limitations and enhance translational relevance.ConclusionThis study provides preclinical and exploratory evidence that the included TCM formulas might exert neuroprotective effects on animal models of RDDs by modulating glial activation, promoting neuronal growth, and inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Additional high-quality preclinical studies are essential to validate these effects and inform future clinical translation.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251002491 identifier CRD420251002491.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is conventionally recognized as a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence confirms that early retinal neurodegeneration develops in the course of diabetes and drives early visual impairment. Multiple studies have verified that abnormal retinal neural responses frequently emerge before identifiable microvascular lesions. This review therefore systematically summarizes existing evidence confirming retinal neurodegeneration as a core, early pathological event in diabetic retinal disease (DRD), elaborates the cellular and metabolic mechanisms of neurodegeneration inside the retinal neurovascular unit (NVU), and assesses novel neuroprotective therapeutic modalities. Retinal neurodegeneration manifests prior to clinically apparent microvascular complications. NVU dysfunction, triggered by neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), excitotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction, serves as the pivotal pathway mediating neuronal injury. Notably, current vasculotropic therapies fail to effectively block early neuronal dysfunction. By comparison, neuroprotective interventions targeting oxidative stress, inflammatory cascades, glial dysfunction, deficient neurotrophic supply and mitochondrial damage exhibit promising effects on maintaining retinal neuronal architecture and function. In conclusion, retinal neurodegeneration constitutes a core pathological cascade of DR. Incorporating neuroprotective regimens into established treatment systems facilitates earlier intervention, optimizes visual function prognosis, and ultimately transforms the clinical management paradigm of DRD toward retinal neural protection.

BackgroundDiabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common diabetes complication. Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) combined with α-lipoic acid (ALA) is used clinically, but evidence consistency and heterogeneity sources remain unexplored.ObjectiveTo evaluate efficacy/safety of BYHWD+ALA for DPN and deconstruct heterogeneity via a multi−tiered framework.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM up to December 2025 for RCTs. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias (Cochrane tool). Meta−analysis used RR (dichotomous) and SMD (continuous) with 95% CI. Heterogeneity (I²) was explored through subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, meta−regression, and descriptive synthesis.ResultsTwelve RCTs (926 patients) were included. BYHWD+ALA significantly improved overall response rate (RR = 1.24, 95%CI 1.17–1.32; I²=0%) and TCM syndrome scores (SMD=–0.76, 95%CI –0.98 to –0.54). For nerve conduction velocity (NCV), fundamental heterogeneity emerged (I²>92%). A five−tiered analysis revealed that only peroneal nerve motor NCV showed a robust improvement trend (SMD = 1.01, 95%CI 0.48–1.54), though heterogeneity remained high (I²=92%). Heterogeneity sources included non−standardized NCV measurement and complex intervention−patient matching. Oxidative stress markers (SOD, MDA, T−AOC) trended favorably; HbA1c and adverse events did not differ between groups.ConclusionBYHWD+ALA safely improves subjective DPN symptoms, but NCV evidence is too heterogeneous to draw reliable quantitative conclusions. This study provides a methodological framework for deconstructing heterogeneity and guides future standardized research.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=1267606, identifier CRD420251267606.

BackgroundDiabetic kidney disease (DKD), a major microvascular complication of diabetes, represents the leading cause of end-stage renal disease globally. Jinlida Granule (JLD), a multi-botanical Traditional Chinese Medicine preparation, has shown potential in type 2 diabetes management; however, a comprehensive systematic evaluation of its efficacy and safety specifically for DKD is lacking.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of JLD for DKD through a meta-analysis.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of Chinese and English databases and clinical trial registries for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on JLD for DKD from inception to 9 October 2025. Two researchers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) 2 tool. Meta-analysis was conducted with a random-effects model using STATA 15.0 and Review Manager 5.4. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsTwelve RCTs involving 1,341 patients were included. JLD was associated with significant reductions in serum creatinine (MD −30.54 μmol/L, 95% CI −37.61 to −23.47; I2 = 94%), blood urea nitrogen (MD −0.95 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.29 to −0.60; I2 = 79%), urinary albumin excretion rate (MD −27.09 mg/24 h, 95% CI −29.16 to −25.02; I2 = 94%), and HbA1c (MD −0.86%, 95% CI −1.23% to −0.49%; I2 = 83%). Improvements were also observed in lipid profiles and inflammatory markers. Subgroup analyses suggested greater benefit in early-stage DKD and with specific combination regimens. Adverse events did not differ significantly between groups (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.50–1.48). Substantial heterogeneity was noted.ConclusionCurrent evidence suggests that adjunctive JLD may provide multifaceted clinical benefits for DKD patients, with a comparable safety profile. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously given the moderate to high risk of bias and considerable heterogeneity. Well-designed, large-scale RCTs are required.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251178318, identifier [CRD420251178318].

Diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD) arises from interacting metabolic, vascular, inflammatory, and neuronal insults, but evidence for Panax-derived interventions is often overgeneralized across chemically non-equivalent materials. This critical narrative review evaluated whether defined Panax-derived saponins support a coherent mechanism of DACD and identified the evidence needed for translation. A structured multilingual search of eight bibliographic databases, supplemented by a targeted search of Cochrane CENTRAL, followed by deduplication and full-text reassessment, yielded 59 records: 16 A1 in vivo studies relevant to DACD (direct or near-direct), six neural-cell studies, 17 auxiliary Panax/barrier/formulation studies, and 20 contextual records. Purified monomers, the active metabolite compound K, saponin fractions, extracts, formulations, and combination interventions were appraised as non-interchangeable exposures. The most consistent signal was improved learning or memory accompanied by hippocampal or cortical tissue protection. Mechanistic findings converged on three connected but partly parallel processes: impaired brain insulin signaling and neuronal glucose handling; advanced glycation end product/methylglyoxal-associated oxidative and organelle stress; and glial-inflammasome amplification. Causal support was uneven, and brain exposure or central target engagement was rarely demonstrated. Most animal studies used young or adult animals of one sex and preventive or early-treatment designs, while several risk-of-bias domains were insufficiently reported. Panax-derived saponins should therefore be regarded as preclinical modulators of hippocampal metabolic-inflammatory-neuronal injury, not established DACD treatments. Translation requires defined interventions, parent/metabolite profiling, quantitative brain exposure, target-engagement assays, delayed-treatment and reversal designs, and clinically aligned biomarkers.

As a leading cause of preventable blindness globally, diabetic retinopathy (DR) requires innovative treatments beyond conventional anti-VEGF therapies, which face limitations in efficacy, administration burden, and multifactorial targeting. Plant-derived bioactive metabolites (e.g., quercetin, puerarin) have been reported to modulate multiple DR-relevant pathways in preclinical studies against DR pathogenesis, including modulation of angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. However, their clinical translation is hindered by compound- and route-dependent pharmacokinetic challenges, including poor solubility, extensive metabolism, rapid ocular clearance, and restricted posterior-segment exposure. This review explores nanomaterial-enabled delivery systems to overcome these barriers, detailing platforms such as polymeric nanoparticles, lipid-based carriers, and exosomes engineered to enhance solubility, penetration, and sustained release. Key strategies including barrier-specific size optimization, surface engineering, and ligand functionalization are critically analyzed. Integrated preclinical frameworks utilizing in vitro models and in vivo rodent studies, along with pharmacokinetic and safety evaluations, are emphasized. Finally, regulatory considerations and clinical trial challenges are addressed. Nanomaterial-mediated delivery represents a paradigm shift and may provide a promising translational strategy for plant-derived bioactive metabolites in DR, but its clinical relevance will depend on rigorous ocular pharmacokinetic, efficacy, safety, manufacturing, and regulatory validation.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine decoction as an adjunctive treatment for diabetic nephropathy in systematic evaluations.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases, covering the period from January 2013 to July 2023. The search was restricted to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted within the past decade that investigated the use of TCM decoction as an adjunctive treatment for diabetic nephropathy. The control group received western medicine treatment, while the intervention group received TCM decoction in addition to the conventional treatment. Endnote and Excel were employed for literature management and data organization, and Revman 5.3 and Stata 16 software were used for the analyses.Results: 66 RCTs involving 6,951 participants were included in this study. The clinical efficacy of TCM decoction as an adjunctive treatment for diabetic nephropathy was found to be significantly higher than that of the control group (OR = 3.12, 95% CI [2.70, 3.60], I2 = 0%, p < 0.00001). The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between the intervention group and the control group (OR = 0.94, 95% CI [0.60, 1.48], I2 = 0%, p = 0.94). According to the secondary outcomes of renal function and blood glucose indicators, the intervention group showed better therapeutic efficacy compared to the control group. The most frequently used TCM categories were tonifying medicine, blood-activating medicine, astringent medicine, diuretic medicine, heat-clearing medicine, and laxative medicine. Among them, the top five frequently used Chinese medicine were Astragalus mongholicus Bunge [Fabaceae; Astragali mongholici radix](58 times), Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge [Lamiaceae; Radix et rhizoma salviae miltiorrhizae] (42 times), Dioscorea oppositifolia L. [Dioscoreaceae; Dioscoreae rhizoma] (38 times), Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf [Polyporaceae; Poria] (38 times), and Cornus officinalis Siebold & Zucc. [Cornaceae; Corni fructus] (35 times).Conclusion: The combined use of TCM decoction with western medicine in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy can enhance clinical effectiveness and 2 This is a provisional file, not the final typeset article achieve superior therapeutic effects in comparison to western medicine alone, without significant risks.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails, identifier [CRD42022529144].

Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) has made notable advancements in addressing myopic astigmatism. Nevertheless, the potential impact of cyclotorsion on surgical outcomes cannot be overlooked. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of cyclotorsion compensation technology in SMILE surgery for the correction of myopic astigmatism, examining its influence on postoperative visual quality. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. A comprehensive literature search was performed using databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Scopus, CNKI, VIP, and Wan Fang. Studies meeting the criteria were selected and included. Data were independently extracted by three authors. Clinical outcome parameters were analyzed using Review Manager version 5.3. This meta-analysis included ten studies. The results showed that, compared with the control group (cyclotorsion compensation was not performed in SMILE), the following indicators in the cyclotorsion compensation group were: residual astigmatism (RA) [weighted mean difference (MD) = 0.73, 95

针对连续管作业机载荷需要实时监控并采集数据进行实时分析预警的问题,文章基于作业机装备从分析载荷传感器工作原理入手,建立了软硬件的实时通讯.运用组态软件,搭建了集实时数据管理、历史数据管理、报警管理为一体的实时监测预警系统,现场自动起下连续管试验取得良好效果.研究结果表明:应用系统能监测不同工况下载荷数据变化情况,解决了实时预警难题,为现场安全作业提供参考,同时可提取并分析数据异常点,为连续管自动控制模型算法研究提供数据支撑.该系统的成功开发及应用为连续管作业机全工艺过程参数监控系统的研发打下了基础.

To assess and analyse the effectiveness and safety of combined Chinese herbal formula (CHF) and metformin treatment in the modulation of the gut microbiota in the amelioration of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), all publications addressing the effect of this combination treatment on the quantitative alterations in the gut microbiota and glucose parameters were collected. Rob tool in the Cochrane handbook was performed to evaluate the methodological quality of all included studies. Relevant information and statistics were abstracted and synthesized in Review Manager 5.4 to evaluate the efficacy of combination treatment. Sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were used to analyse the sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias analyses were performed by Stata software to assess the robustness and quality of the outcomes. As a result, a total of 12 eligible RCTs with 1307 T2DM participants from 7 electronic databases were included. Combined CHF with metformin treatment showed better efficacies than metformin monotherapy in regulating the structure of the gut microbiota, characterized by increased Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Bacteroidetes and decreased Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, and Saccharomyces along with better decreases in glycated haemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Subgroup analyses further analysed the effect of metformin doses and CHF classifications on controlling hyperglycaemia and altering the gut microbiota. In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggested that combined CHF with metformin treatment is promising for the modulation of the gut microbiota along with ameliorating hyperglycemia in T2DM patients. Importantly, more well-designed RCTs are needed to validate the outcomes and verify the treatment value for clinical purposes.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021291524, identifier CRD42021291524.

为了提高连续管装备在复杂井况下作业的综合能力,减少作业安全事故,基于现场作业数据,研究了连续管安全评估技术.首先采用微元分析思想,对水平井中连续管起、下过程进行受力分析,对连续管作业的安全极限特性进行分析,形成了连续管作业安全评估技术;然后根据连续管作业装备的数据采集系统和连续管作业安全评估技术,开发了连续管作业数据安全评估系统.该系统的配套软件可实现连续管作业参数实时采集和存储,并将作业参数与连续管力学分析结果进行对比,以评估连续管实时作业的安全性.该系统已在长庆和新疆等地区进行了30井次的现场试验,试验结果表明该系统稳定可靠,有效地降低了连续管现场作业的安全风险.因此,连续管作业数据安全评估系统具有重要的现实意义和较高的推广应用价值.

近20年,连续管技术凭借其可带压作业、连续快速起下、作业周期短、效率高等优势,在我国取得了跨越式发展,逐渐成为了油气勘探开发关键技术.为了确保连续管复杂作业安全开展,需在施工前应用分析软件进行作业分析,模拟施工参数、评估最大作业深度、优选作业管柱等,预防因连续管疲劳、失稳、超限使用导致的断管、卡阻等安全事故发生,以达到规范施工、指导作业的目的.然而连续管工程软件市场长期被国外公司垄断,我国因缺乏连续管软件分析相关理论成果,难以开发具有自主知识产权的连续管作业分析软件,限制了我国连续管技术整体发展.

我国连续管技术发展经历了技术引进、自主研发和应用推广3个阶段,期间中国石油钻井院江汉机械研究所始终跟进研究,并自2006年起作为项目牵头单位,先后承担了国家和集团公司的一系列攻关、试验与推广项目,形成了多项连续管作业技术与装备自主技术和成果:一是攻克了连续管作业机关键技术,形成了适应山地和复杂条件的国产连续管系列成套装备,全面替代进口;二是自主研发4个系列24类连续管作业工具和7大类35种工艺,完善了工具与修井工艺配套,实现了连续管作业的提速增效;三是形成了连续管压裂与完井成套工艺技术,实现连续管作业低成本增产;四是牵头或参与制定了一系列相关技术标准,规范产品和服务,通过开展售后保障服务、人员培训和现场技术示范等体系建设,初步建立了连续管技术产业链,促进了连续管技术推广应用.技术自主化有力推动了我国连续管作业技术水平的提升和应用规模的增长,促进了井下作业主体技术方式的持续转变.

In order to study the friction and corrosion resistance of 4Cr13 die steel by selective laser melting ( SLM) , SLM equipment was used for sample preparation and a systematic study was conducted for the organization structure, mechanics, friction and corrosion resistance. Study results indicate that, with laser power increasing, martensite structure of SLM sample is thickened and then thinned, and the hardness is reduced and then in?creased. Side hardness is higher than section hardness on the whole. Compared with the sample under cast state, the SLM sample has the higher strength. Among various laser powers, the 250 W has the sample showing the best compressive strength and wear resistance. In acid solutions, SLM sample has the higher corrosion resistance than materials under cast state, and free corrosion potential continuously increases with laser power rising. In saline solu?tions, SLM sample has the lightly lower corrosion resistance than materials under cast state. The results can offer a necessary reference for industrial application of 4Cr13 die steel by SLM.

项目管理在企业的生产经营管理活动中的重要性不言而喻,但人们却很容易忽略项目管理知识的再利用.本文从项目管理知识收集、约束,再到知识系统的建立,说明了项目管理知识的再利用对于企业的重要性.

3D打印作为一种全新概念的制造技术,自20世纪90年代出现以来,经过20余年的发展,已经成为当前先进制造技术领域创新发展的源泉,被西方媒体誉为"第三次工业革命".本文介绍了3D打印技术概况以及金属3D打印制造技术,并结合石油行业装备的特点探讨了金属3D打印技术在石油行业的应用.

网格计算技术的出现，实现了对海量数据的高效率处理；基于网格计算技术的容灾系统成为信息安全领域倍受关注的研究方向，较之传统的容灾系统，它的应用使系统性能得到了跨越式的提升。本文介绍了容灾系统的概念和基于网格计算容灾系统的关键技术，并对其进行了总体的构架。

针对研究所研发数据管理困难，设计图纸等技术资料共享难，领导了解信息不方便，多地办公管理难，数据准确难以保证等出现的问题展开讨论，认为实施图文档管理系统的必要性；介绍了CAXA图文档管理系统在企业中的作用。

There are adhesion downhole media on the CT clamping block,such as slurry,crude oil and paraffin in its application process.As a result,the friction performance of the block will be affected.Moreover,the difference in the surface structure of the block will also have effect on its friction performance.Therefore,the self-designed testing apparatus was used to test and analyze the equivalent friction coefficient of the block and CT in different conditions.The findings show that as for smooth surface clamping block,the equivalent coefficient is 0.443 when there is no medium.Crude oil has slight effect on the coefficient.Paraffin has the maximum effect on the friction performance of the block and the coefficient decreases to 0.074.As for the medium-free clamping block with surface notch groove,the narrower the tooth width and groove width,the higher the clamping performance.In the environment of paraffin Model 23 clamping block effectively reduces the paraffin on the contact surface and the friction performance increases remarkably.

本文通过比较美国和中国信息产业发展战略模式,针对我国当前现状提出政府要对我国信息产业发展进行战略规划,合理设计信息产业发展布局,促进信息产业大发展。