Conventional residual film recovery equipment struggles to strike a balance between high pickup rates and low breakage rates. In this study, a toothed belt residual film recovery machine was innovatively developed, a discrete element model (DEM) of residual film on the surface of cotton fields was developed, and a multi flexible body dynamics (MFBD) model of the film pickup device was established. The MFBD-DEM coupled method was employed to simulate the interaction process between the residual film and the film-picking device, and to analyse the effects of different operating parameters of the film-picking device on the residual film pickup rate and breakage rate. Based on the principles of single-factor experiments and Box-Behnken experimental design, a three-factor, three-level experiment was conducted. Based on the experimental results, a quadratic polynomial regression model was established to relate the experimental factors to the performance indicators. Through multi-objective optimisation and experimental validation, the optimal combination of operating parameters for the film-picking device was obtained: pickup roller rotational speed of 97.66 r min- 1, forward speed of 4.96 km h-1, and tooth spacing of 180.43 mm. Field validation tests verified that the MFBD-DEM coupled simulation are in good agreement with field test data, with no significant deviations observed. The methodology employed in this study may serve as a reference for improving the performance of residual film recovery equipment.

During residual film recovery operations, the mixing of residual film with soil and the absence of accurate interaction parameters significantly hinder the optimization of key machinery components. To tackle this issue, this study develops a discrete element simulation model based on the Hertz-Mindlin with JKR (Johnson-Kendall-Roberts) contact model, using the residual film-soil mixture as the simulated material. The contact parameters were calibrated through a combination of physical experiments and EDEM simulations. Using Design-Expert software, angle of repose tests and Plackett-Burman experiments were carried out to identify the parameters that have a significant influence on the angle of repose. The optimal set of parameters was determined through steepest ascent and Box-Behnken design (BBD) experiments: residual film-soil rolling friction coefficient 0.61, soil-soil rolling friction coefficient 0.60, soil-steel static friction coefficient 0.68, and soil JKR surface energy 0.46 J/m2. Validation results indicate relative errors of 4.58% for the angle of repose and 2.58% for the uniaxial compressive strength between simulated and measured values. These outcomes offer a useful reference for optimizing residual film recovery equipment and for modeling soil-residual film composite materials.

To address poor film pickup, incomplete soil–film separation, and high soil content in conventional residual film recovery machines, this study designed a belt-tooth type residual film recovery machine. Its core component integrates flexible belts with nail-teeth, providing both overload protection and efficient conveying. EDEM simulations compared film pickup performance across tooth profiles, identifying an optimal structure. Based on the kinematics and mechanical properties of residual film, a film removal mechanism and packing device were designed, incorporating partitioned packing belts to reduce soil content rate in the collected film. Using Box–Behnken experimental design, response surface methodology analyzed the effects of machine forward speed, film-lifting tooth penetration depth, and pickup belt inclination angle. Key findings show: forward speed, belt angle, and tooth depth (descending order) primarily influence recovery rate; while tooth depth, belt angle, and forward speed primarily affect soil content rate. Multi-objective optimization in Design-Expert determined optimal parameters: 5.2 km/h speed, 44 mm tooth depth, and 75° belt angle. Field validation achieved a 90.15% recovery rate and 5.86% soil content rate. Relative errors below 2.73% confirmed the regression model’s reliability. Compared with common models, the recovery rate has increased slightly, while the soil content rate has decreased by more than 4%, meeting the technical requirements for resource recovery of residual plastic film.

During the harvesting process, rigid materials are prone to causing damage to the cotton stalks, which will increase the risk of stalk breakage. A cotton stalk pulling component that blends stiff and flexible materials was devised to lower the breaking rate. The cotton stalk pulling component was made up of rollers and flexible belts that pull the stalks using clamping force and the forward speed of the tractor. The influence of various factors in the equipment on the harvesting effect of cotton stalks were analyzed through response surface experiments, and a multiple quadratic regression response surface model with missing pulling rate and breakage rate as response values was established. The significant of influencing factors on the breaking rate of cotton stalks are in a descending order as: the angle of cotton stalk pulling, tractor's forward speed, and the clamping speed of the cotton stalk component. The working parameters of the wheel-belt type cotton stalk pulling machine have been optimized using the response surface combination experimental method, and the optimal parameter combination was obtained as: tractor forward speed of 4.5 km/h, cotton stalk pulling angle of 60 degrees, and clamping speed of the cotton stalk pulling component of 349 r/min. The results of validation experiments showed that the missing pulling rate of cotton stalks was 5.06% and the breakage rate was 13.12%, indicating a good harvesting effect of the cotton stalks. The model was reasonable and the performance parameters could meet the relevant inspection requirements. The results can provide a reference for further research on the technology of flexible cotton stalk pulling.

针对"机械设计基础"课程教学及课程设计环节,结合教研教改项目,提出了基于交互式和案例式的教学方法.该教学法以学生为主体,并结合线上与线下相结合的授课方式(O2O教学模式).通过课堂互动、案例分析、案例库建设、考核机制改革等教学环节,加强学生的自主学习能力和实践创新能力.该授课模式的应用和实施,改善了传统的教学模式,激发了学生学习的主动性和创造性,取得了一定的教学效果,同时也为机械类本科课程的教学改革和课程建设提供一定的参考.

互换性与测量技术课程是机械设计和近机类课程相关专业的基础课程之一,该课程教学方法的改革已经成为新工科建设的重要课题.文章分析了该课程知识难点多、综合性强的特点,并从学习方法培养、教学方法改革和实践能力培养三方面探讨了具体的改进措施,旨在改进学生固有的学习方法,提高学生的知识理解能力和工程运用能力,紧密结合专业发展要求,确保教学工作能够满足新工科发展要求并具备一定的前瞻性.

《机械制造工艺学》的课程实习与课程设计部分是高等院校机械类本科专业教学过程中的重要环节,是培养学生加强理论联系实际的能力,系统性地训练学生知识的综合应用的过程.本文针对我校该课程的教学实践活动,结合教学改革项目,提出了一套采用"线上+线下"的交互式和案例式教学方法.以学生为主体,通过视频授课、案例分析、综合答疑和实践训练等课程环节相结合并辅以案例库建设的教学改革,同时,实施以学习过程为导向的学生成绩综合评价模式.通过实践训练课程环节的验证,新的教学模式可提高学生在实习过程中的自主学习能力,师生互动达到了良好的效果,项目案例库的建设扩展了学生的知识视野,本课程的教学改革取得了一定的成效.

应用现代信息技术手段,结合慕课和雨课堂二者的优势,开展了基于"慕课+雨课堂"的液压传动课程混合式教学在课前、课中、课后的实践研究.通过教学效果评价发现,83.24％的学生接受这种教学模式,认为这种模式有助于课程知识点的理解和掌握,同时混合式教学期末成绩比传统教学提高10.89％,平均分数比传统教学班高8.53分,及格率提高5.9百分点.该模式激发了学生的学习兴趣,显著提升了学习效果和课堂教学成效.这种混合式教学模式为农机化专业和机械专业液压传动课堂教学改革提供一种新思路.

以新疆农业大学高水平应用型人才培养和应用型转型发展的要求为依据,以构建能力本位的机械设计制造及其自动化专业、农业机械化及其自动化专业人才培养模式为目标,以人才培养方案修订、课程体系转型、提升“双师型”教师能力提升、实习实训基地建设、产教融合加强校企合作为着眼点,从培养模式现状和存在问题入手,分析原因及影响因素,提出改进的对策,探索实现的路径,确定了能力本位的适合应用型人才的培养方案,构建了基于产教融合的协同育人培养新机制,为应用型人才培养标准和模式探索更好的途径打下一定的基础.

本文通过对三种焊工技能评定标准TSG Z6002-2010《特种设备焊接操作人员考核细则》、SL 35-2011《水工金属结构焊工考试规则》及美国ASME标准第Ⅸ卷《焊接和钎焊评定》进行梳理,并结合实际焊工考试,分析了以上三种标准的主要差别和相同之处,以避免在以后的焊工技能评定中各个标准之间的混淆,从而提高焊工技能评定效率.

NC technology course is a comprehensive and practical course in the undergraduate teaching of mechanical specialty in Agricultural and Forestry University, this course is the main course to train students to integrate theory with practice and improve their professional skills. Aiming at the problems existing in the teaching and practice of NC technology course in our university, this paper puts forward the reform of teaching mode which combines theory teaching with case analysis, software teaching and practice training, supported by the construction of course resources, attaching Importance to the links between scientific research projects and teaching links.At the same time, the study process-oriented learning effect evaluation model is explored. Through the practice process, it is proved that the teaching reform has achieved good results, the quality and level of teaching have been improved, students can better grasp the application of numerical control processing technology.

At present,the gas-fired multi-naan high-efficiency baking device was developed,it uses the infrared burner as the heat source and the rotary drum for pastable naan as its main working mechanism. In order to explore the best working performance of this device,the baking test was designed by using the sensory evaluation score of the baked onion naan as the evaluation indexes and using the method of quadratic rotation-orthogonal regressive combination test,and the mathematical regression equation for the sensory evaluation quality of naan was established. The results show that the main factors influencing the naan quality are the baking time,baking temperature and drum speed,and the interaction between the baking time and baking temperature has a significant influence on the test results.

在我校机械设计制造及其自动化专业课程的教学中,普遍存在教师之间缺乏交流、授课水平差异大、教学内容不统一、青年教师缺乏指导等问题,导致课程的教学效果不明显,教师团队的发展缓慢.为了提升专业教师的整体教学水平,以课程组为单位开展基层组织建设工作,要求教师建立沟通机制,明确各自目标任务,增进对青年教师的传、帮、带,规范授课内容,改进教学方法,提高教学质量和科研水平,提升专业课的教学效果.这为提高我校本科教学的团队建设、创建科学有效的教学团队运行机制以及促进青年教师的发展都起到积极的作用.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">针对新疆地区冬季因气温过低导致青贮饲料难以从窖池中取用等问题,设计并研制一种基于小型化、廉价的青贮取料粉碎装置。该装置主要由取料刀滚、电机传动系统、青贮饲料输送系统以及液压支撑系统组成。该装置结构简单轻便、易于操作、环境污染小、输送能力强、工作效率高,解决广大农牧民在寒冷冬季难以从窖池取用饲料的问题。同时,项目的研究成果对于同类型的青贮取料粉碎机的设计和研发具有一定的参考价值。</span>

液压传动课程不仅在工科类专业中占据重要的地位,而且还与工程实践有着紧密的联系.新疆是少数民族地区,少数民族机械专业学生的汉语水平有限、专业基础薄弱,学习这门课有一定困难.文中针对液压传动课程的特点,并根据新疆少数民族的实际情况,探讨了适用于少数民族的课程教学方法,为新疆少数民族地区工科专业课程的教学和改革提供了有价值的参考.

水果采摘作业是林果业生产中非常重要的环节.水果采摘机械的使用可以解决人工采摘水果时所出现劳动强度大、效率低、成本高等不足.将液压技术应用到水果采摘机械设备中,可使设备具有传递功率大、结构简单、传动平稳等优点.该文对国内现有的液压式采摘机械的研究现状进行了分析,指出了不同液压式采摘设备的不足,并给出了相关的改进建议.提出了要将液压传动技术与液压控制技术紧密结合起来,实现水果采摘设备的自动化和精确化,并研发功能更强大、更合理、更容易操作的液压系统.

An electro-hydraulic proportional loading system adopts electro-hydraulic proportional relief valve or elec-tro-hydraulic proportional throttle valve to load on the hydraulic motor by changing the pressure value of the hydrau-lic motor at outlet. Facing the nonlinear and unstable characteristics of electro-hydraulic proportional relief valve in the loading experiment, this paper puts forward to the electro-hydraulic proportional relief valve loading system us-ing fuzzy-PID control strategy, and designs the fuzzy-PID controller, which can realize the online tuning of PID pa-rameters. The simulation shows that the fuzzy-PID control as a control method of electro-hydraulic proportion-al loading system is good based on MATLAB/Simulink.

机械制造生产实习是机械类专业学生学习的一个重要环节,是将课程上所学的专业知识与实际结合的一个重要实践过程,随着新疆地区经济的快速发展及高校招生规模的扩大,我校在组织和管理学生生产实习的过程中也遇到了一些困难.本文针对我校在生产实习中面临的各种实际问题,提出了生产实习教学改革的新方法和新建议,旨在提高我校机械工程专业生产实习的质量.

本文针对某电液比例压力-流量液压试验台的泵控马达系统，提出两种加载方案，即利用电液比例节流阀或电液比例溢流阀实现对马达的加载。针对这两套加载方案，详细论述了加载原理，并设计和搭建了完整的加载系统。通过对系统的仿真，验证了两套加载系统都具有良好的动态性能。