Glycated albumin (GA), a blood glucose monitoring biomarker, is impacted by variables such as albumin turnover and is not entirely relevant throughout diabetic kidney disease (DKD). There is insufficient data to routinely adjust GA measurements. We examined how albuminuria affected clinically measured GA (mGA) and adjusted GA (adjGA). We included 195 patients with DKD, 108 with non-macroalbuminuria and 87 with macroalbuminuria, and adjusted GA based on albumin, albuminuria, and body weight. Subgroups were divided to two groups according to albuminuria and serum albumin levels. The relationship between mGA, adjGA, and glucose was investigated. The optimum GA correction method based on albumin turnover metabolism was investigated: adjGA = mGA×[1+(8×K×UP) ÷ (11×V×SA)]. where K represents the standard metabolic days of albumin (15 days), UP is 24-hour urine protein excretion (g/24 h), V is plasma volume (calculated as 5% of body weight in liters), and SA is serum albumin concentration (g/L). In non-macroalbuminuria, mGA was 19.75% and adjGA was 22.32%, and in macroalbuminuria, mGA was 13.20% and adjGA was 22.45%, the mGA was substantially different across albuminuria categories (P < 0.001), but adjGA was not. HbA1c, 24-h urine protein(24hUP) and serum albumin (ALB) were influencing variables for mGA (P < 0.001), while 24hUP and ALB had no effect on adjGA (P > 0.05). The adjGA had stronger cor-relation with blood glucose than mGA, especially in the context of macroalbuminuria. Macroalbuminuria lowers mGA accuracy. In DKD patients with macroalbuminuria, adjusted GA is a novel indication of glucose monitoring.

AimAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) are pivotal mediators in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, their prognostic utility remains underexplored. This study introduced corrected lgAGEs [novel biomarker derived by adjusting logarithmically transformed AGEs (lgAGEs) levels based on serum albumin (ALB) levels] to enhance the prediction of adverse renal outcomes in patients with type 2 DKD (T2DKD).MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 196 T2DKD patients were followed up longitudinally. Serum AGEs levels were log-transformed and adjusted for ALB to calculate corrected lgAGEs. Participants were stratified into the high- and low-level groups based on the median corrected lgAGEs. The association between corrected lgAGEs and renal outcomes was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to evaluate the predictive performance of corrected lgAGEs alone and in combination with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR).ResultsHigh level of corrected lgAGEs was independently associated with adverse renal outcomes [hazard ratio (HR), 3.252; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.461–7.243; p = 0.003]. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients in the high-level group (12 months) exhibited significantly shorter median survival times compared with those in the low-level group (50 months). ROC analysis showed that UACR alone had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.782 (95% CI, 0.705–0.858), with 82.8% sensitivity and 61.5% specificity. Corrected lgAGEs achieved an AUC of 0.725 (95% CI, 0.637–0.814), with 69.0% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity. Combining UACR and corrected lgAGEs improved the specificity to 75.6%, with an AUC of 0.764 (95% CI, 0.682–0.847), while maintaining a sensitivity of 70.7%.ConclusionCorrected lgAGEs are novel and independent biomarkers for predicting adverse renal outcomes in T2DKD. Combining UACR with corrected lgAGEs could enhance risk stratification by improving the specificity, highlighting its potential application in early identification of high-risk patients. These findings should be validated in broader populations in future research.

膏方是集治疗疾病与补虚固本为一体的复方,在补益的基础上综合调整人体气血阴阳,达到治疗疾病的目的.肾脏病多具有脾肾亏虚、虚实夹杂的特点,适合选用膏方达到扶正祛邪、脾肾同治的效果.通过总结各医家使用膏方治疗慢性肾脏病、肾性贫血、糖尿病肾病、尿路感染等诸多肾脏疾病的应用及研究进展,为临床提供思路.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been reported to cause neurodegeneration, senile plaque formation and spatial learning and memory deficits. There is much evidence describing the beneficial effects of aminoguanidine (AG) on the central nervous system; AG is able to inhibit the receptor for AGEs and beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in the brain, thus preventing cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. In this study, we investigated whether AG protects against ovariectomy-induced neuronal deficits and Aβ deposition in rats. Animals in the ovariectomy group (OVX) group, and those in the OVX+AG group were treated with AG (100 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Learning and memory were evaluated using the electric Y maze. AGE and Aβ1-40 biochemical assessments were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Furthermore, evaluations of brain amyloid precursor protein 695 (APP695) mRNA expression by RT-PCR and AGE expression by immunohistochemistry were carried out. Ovariectomized rats exhibited memory impairment and Aβ production disorder with upregulated APP695 mRNA and AGE expression levels. AG pretreatment relieved the ovariectomy-induced learning and memory disorder and significantly ameliorated the Aβ production disturbance and AGE generation. Additionally, pathological changes in morphology were also significantly recovered. Our data reveal that AG plays a potentially neuroprotective role against ovariectomy-induced learning and cognitive impairment and Aβ production disorder.Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been reported to cause neurodegeneration, senile plaque formation and spatial learning and memory deficits. There is much evidence describing the beneficial effects of aminoguanidine (AG) on the central nervous system; AG is able to inhibit the receptor for AGEs and beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in the brain, thus preventing cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. In this study, we investigated whether AG protects against ovariectomy-induced neuronal deficits and Aβ deposition in rats. Animals in the ovariectomy group (OVX) group, and those in the OVX+AG group were treated with AG (100 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Learning and memory were evaluated using the electric Y maze. AGE and Aβ1-40 biochemical assessments were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Furthermore, evaluations of brain amyloid precursor protein 695 (APP695) mRNA expression by RT-PCR and AGE expression by immunohistochemistry were carried out. Ovariectomized rats exhibited memory impairment and Aβ production disorder with upregulated APP695 mRNA and AGE expression levels. AG pretreatment relieved the ovariectomy-induced learning and memory disorder and significantly ameliorated the Aβ production disturbance and AGE generation. Additionally, pathological changes in morphology were also significantly recovered. Our data reveal that AG plays a potentially neuroprotective role against ovariectomy-induced learning and cognitive impairment and Aβ production disorder.

Chinese medicine theory believes that tongue coatings demonstration is a window of body change. Metabonomics technology is one of its commonly used methods, and extensive research has been carried out on tongue coating. To further explore the variations of the metabolome in erosive gastritis patients with different tongue features, we carried out this study. In this study, we collected the tongue coatings of erosive gastritis with Shirezhongzu (SR) syndrome, Ganyuqizhi (GY) syndrome and healthy volunteers. Then based on OPLS-DA to analyze the differences in metabolic characteristics between the three groups.The results show that erosive gastritis of SR syndrome and GY syndrome do have different characteristics. Unfortunately, although the SR group and the GY group show significant differences, the model is not robust enough. To solve this problem, we followed up with further machine learning analysis. Finally, we discovered potential biomarkers that can be used for the differential diagnosis of the two. They are Stearoylcarnitine, Lumichrome, Urocanic acid, and Pyridoxine..

Review question / Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of Complementary and Alternative Medicine for the treatment of insomnia.Condition being studied: Insomnia is a common clinical condition characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, accompanied by symptoms such as irritability or fatigue during wakefulness.The prevalence of insomnia disorder is approximately 10% to 20%, with approximately 50% having a chronic course.Patients experiencing insomnia symptoms frequently self-treat their symptoms with sleep medications.However, there remains concern regarding the short-and long-term health impacts of sleep medications.In view of the health hazards of insomnia and the shortcomings of western medicine, Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) should be considered in the management of insomnia.CAM for insomnia has made some progress, but high quality evidence-based medical evidence is still needed to provide guidance for clinical application.

Abstract Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases in the world and is showing increasing prevalence in some countries. The disease has a chronic course that leads to a significant decline in the quality of life of patients and is associated with a high economic burden worldwide. And complementary and alternative medicine is used to treat the disease. Over the past few decades, a number of randomized controlled trials and systematic evaluations have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different types of complementary and alternative medicine methods, so there is an urgent need to summarize and further evaluate these studies. Methods: We will search the following sources without restrictions for date, language, or publication status: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Bio-medicine Database, VIP Chinese Periodical Database, Wan Fang Database. We will apply a combination of Medical Subject Heading and free-text terms incorporating database-specific controlled vocabularies and text words to implement search strategies. We will also search the ongoing trials registered in the World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Besides, the previous relevant reviews conducted on complementary and alternative therapies for GERD and reference lists of included studies will also be searched. Results: This study will provide a reliable basis for the treatment of GERD with complementary and alternative therapies. Conclusions: The findings will be an available reference to evaluate the efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative therapies on GERD and may provide decision-making reference on which method to choose for clinicians. PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020169332.

目的:慢性肾脏病(CKD)是一种临床综合征,由多种病因引起,疾病呈进展性,发病机制复杂.中医肾病学界通过多年临床实践证实,中医药在防治CKD中有一定的优势,其中慢性肾衰竭作为中医药的优势病种,在慢性肾脏病三级预防及一体化治疗中发挥着重要作用.通过中医对CKD病因病机、 证治规律及疗效评价的相关研究,总结慢性肾脏病中医治疗现状及存在问题,藉此提高临床诊疗水平.