Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) induces childhood cognitive impairment via chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), a process to which endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-mediated apoptosis critically contributes. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is widely recognized for its significant neuroprotective effects in various neurological diseases, yet its role in ERS-related apoptosis in prefrontal neurons under CIH remains unclear. This study investigated NRF2's impact both in vitro and in vivo. In CIH-exposed Pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells, mimicking OSA-related neuronal injury, CIH significantly triggered ERS and subsequent apoptosis, evidenced by the upregulated protein levels of ERS markers (p-PERK, ATF4, CHOP) and apoptotic markers (Cleaved-Caspase-3). Additionally, the antioxidant system was activated, as shown by elevated mRNA levels of Nrf2, Hmox1, and Gclc and protein levels of NRF2, HO-1, and GCLC. Treatment with the NRF2 activator sulforaphane (SFN) reduced CIH-induced apoptosis by suppressing ERS signaling and enhancing Hmox1 mRNA and HO‑1 protein expression. Conversely, ML385 (a NRF2 inhibitor) resulted in opposite outcomes. In vivo, after 4 weeks of CIH exposure, mice demonstrated spatial memory and learning deficits in the behavior test. In the prefrontal cortex, histological examination revealed increased neuronal apoptosis, characterized by elevated Cleaved-Caspase-3 protein levels, alongside activation of the NRF2 pathway. Treatment with SFN alleviated cognitive impairment and neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting ERS signaling, while enhancing Hmox1 mRNA and HO‑1 protein expression. Conversely, treatment with a NRF2 inhibitor had the opposite effects. In summary, we demonstrate that NRF2 mitigates CIH-induced neuronal apoptosis by suppressing the PERK-ATF4-CHOP signaling cascade and augmenting HO-1 expression, thereby improving cognitive impairment.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) frequently causes temporary liver injury during initial infection, and in severe cases, fulminant hepatitis and liver failure can occur. This study aimed to examine the expression of key Absent in Melanoma 2 (AIM2)-pathway pyroptosis mediators (AIM2, Caspase-1, Gasdermin D[GSDMD], IL-1β, and IL-18) in the blood of children experiencing primary EBV infection and to assess their correlation with viral load and liver injury. Sixty-five children hospitalized with primary EBV infection were enrolled and categorized based on liver function (Abnormal Liver Function, n = 35; Normal Liver Function, n = 30). Control groups included 30 healthy children with past EBV infection and 30 healthy seronegative children. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of AIM2, Caspase-1, and GSDMD. IL-1β and IL-18 serum concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The institutional clinical laboratory was responsible for routine biochemical indicators, including EBV-DNA load. The study indicated that children with primary EBV infection exhibited significantly elevated mRNA expression of AIM2, Caspase-1, and GSDMD, alongside increased serum IL-1β and IL-18 concentrations, compared to both control groups. Within the primary infection group, serum EBV-DNA load showed positive correlations with these pyroptosis markers. Furthermore, patients with primary EBV infection and abnormal liver function had significantly higher levels of these mediators than infected patients with normal liver function. AIM2 mRNA expression also positively correlated with Caspase-1 mRNA, GSDMD mRNA, IL-1β, and IL-18 levels. AIM2-dependent pyroptosis is implicated in the systemic inflammatory response to EBV and may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of EBV-associated hepatitis.

M. pneumoniae (MP) is a common cause of childhood pneumonia, but there is limited understanding of whether virus co-infections affect clinical severity of M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of MPP at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in 2023 to compare clinical characteristics and outcomes between MP with and without viral co-infection in children, including length of stay, febrile/ cough /wheeze duration, treatment, severity of MPP, and serum biomarkers. We also collected MP targeted next generation sequencing (tNGS) data from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples and analyzed MP whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from a public database to investigate MP genome, typing, and drug resistance. The annually seasonal analysis showed that a higher prevalence of MP occurred from summer to winter. Viral pathogens in our study were highly detected in either autumn or winter. Virus co-infection cases showed a peak in November. HRV was the most frequent detected virus in our study. There was no significant different of gender in all the MPP patients. Compared with single MP infection, children with virus co-infection were younger. They had a shorter febrile duration, longer cough duration, and less proportion of severe MPP cases. Laboratory biomarkers (e.g. CRP, WBC, D-D, PCT) were also significant different between MP mono and viral co-infection groups. 74.07 https://www.medicalresearch.org.cn/clinicalResearch .

Obstructive sleep apnea, typically characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), is linked to cognitive dysfunction in children. Ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death characterized by lethal iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases and ischemia-reperfusion injuries. Nevertheless, its contribution to CIH-induced cognitive dysfunction and its interaction with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) remain uncertain. In this study, utilizing a CIH model in 4-week-old male mice, we investigated ferroptosis and its potential involvement in ERS regulation during cognitive dysfunction. Our findings indicate ferroptosis activation in prefrontal cortex neurons, leading to neuron loss, mitochondrial damage, decreased levels of GPX4, SLC7A11, FTL, and FTH, increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), Fe2+, ACSL4, TFRC, along with the activation of ERS-related PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway. Treatment with the ferroptosis inhibitor liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1) and the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) effectively mitigated the neuron injury and cognitive dysfunction induced by CIH, significantly reducing Fe2+ and partly restoring expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins. Furhermore, the use of Lip-1 and DFO downregulated p-PERK, ATF4 and CHOP, and upregulated Nrf2 expression, suggesting that inhibiting ferroptosis reduce ERS and that the transcription factor Nrf2 is involved in the process. In summary, our findings indicate that cognitive impairment in CIH mice correlates with the induction of neuronal ferroptosis, facilitated by the System xc - GPX4 functional axis, lipid peroxidation, and the iron metabolism pathway, along with ferroptosis-mediated ERS in the prefrontal cortex. Nrf2 has been identified as a potential regulator of ferroptosis and ERS involved in the context of CIH.

ObjectiveTo determine the diagnostic and therapeutic value of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound‐guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis treatment (ERAT) in patients with uncomplicated appendicitis.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on clinical and ultrasound data collected from 105 pediatric patients with uncomplicated appendicitis between January 2020 and December 2023. The ultrasound findings before and after treatment, as well as postoperative follow‐up and recurrence rates, were summarized and analyzed.ResultsSuccessful intubation was achieved in 96 patients (91.4%). The conventional ultrasound appendix visualization rate was 39.6% (38/105), while the appendix visualization rate after contrast‐enhanced ultrasound‐guidance was 75% (72/105). Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound revealed various appendiceal morphologic changes in 89 patients, such as twisting, tortuosity, stiffness, rough inner wall, dilated diameter, and narrowing of the lumen. Additionally, local filling defects, which indicated the presence of fecal stones or debris deposition, were noted in 68 patients. No leakage of the contrast agent occurred. Post‐treatment evaluation showed improvement in appendiceal diameter, lumen, and filling defects (P < .01). The follow‐up rate was 82 of 89 patients (92.1%), all of whom recovered well without a recurrence. The recurrence rate was 7.9% (7/89). Among the patients with recurrences, five patients resolved after medical treatment and two patients recovered after surgical treatment.ConclusionContrast‐enhanced ultrasound‐guided ERAT for uncomplicated appendicitis is safe and effective. Specifically, the appendix is increased, which facilitates an evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness. ERAT serves as a valuable supplementary modality to determine the need for surgical treatment of acute appendicitis, which is of significant clinical value.

ObjectiveObstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) during pregnancy is characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep and will lead to the rise of oxidative stress in the fetal body. Pyroptosis, a type of inflammatory and programmable cell death mediated by Gasdermin D (GSDMD), plays a substantial role in oxygen deprivation’s contribution to neural system damage. Existing research shows that Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) plays a protective role in alleviating brain tissue pyroptosis. We speculate that exogenous NADPH may play a protective role in OSA during pregnancy.MethodsA model of GIH group was established to simulate the pathophysiological mechanisms of OSA during pregnant and AIR group was established by giving the same frequency. Sham group was established by injecting NS and the NADPH group was established and given exogenous NADPH. We utilized the Morris Water Maze to assess cognitive function impairment, Luxol Fast Blue (LBF) staining to confirm myelin sheath formation, TUNEL staining to examine cell death in fetal mice brain tissue, and Western blotting to detect pertinent protein expressions.ResultsThe GIH group offspring exhibited decreases in spatial learning and memory abilities, reduced numbers of oligodendrocytes and formed myelin, as well as increased expression of pyroptosis-related proteins. The NADPH group offspring showed restoration in spatial learning and memory abilities increased counts of oligodendrocytes and formed myelin sheaths, in addition to decreased expression of pyroptosis-related.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that early injection of exogenous NADPH can alleviate the damage to fetal brain development caused by gestational intermittent hypoxia (GIH).

Objective: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is a sleep respiratory disease associated with cognitive impairment, The nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a neuroprotective role. This study was designed to investigate the mechanism of Nrf2 protecting neural cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and sleep fragmentation (SF) which caused cognitive impairment in mice.Methods: Establishment of CIH and SF mice to simulate OSAHS mouse model. An eight-arm maze behavior test measured the cognitive function of mice, and Nissl staining and TUNEL staining were used to detect pathological changes in hippocampal neurons. The expression of ERS and Nrf2 and its downstream related mRNAs and proteins were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting.Results: CIH and SF lead to cognitive impairment in mice, and Sulforaphane (SFN, Nrf2 agonist) plays a protective role, while Nrf2-KO aggravates the cognitive impairment. CIH and SF reduced the number of Nissl bodies in neurons and induced apoptosis. The mRNA levels of BiP, CHOP, Nrf2, GCLC and Prdx1 in CIH, SF and CIH + SF groups were increased (p = 0.001), whereas the mRNA levels of BiP and CHOP in the CIH + SF + SFN group were decreased (p = 0.02) while those of Nrf2 and Prdx1 were increased (p = 0.005). The CIH + SF + Nrf2-KO group, the mRNA levels of CHOP were increased (p = 0.001) while Nrf2, GCLC and Prdx1 were decreased (p = 0.001). The protein levels of CHOP and active Caspase-12 in CIH, SF, CIH + SF and CIH + SF + Nrf2-KO groups were increased (p = 0.03), while those of Prdx1 and Nrf2 were increased (p = 0.03) in the CIH + SF + SFN group, while decreased (p = 0.02) in the Nrf2-KO group.Conclusions: Chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH) and sleep fragmentation(SF) could aggravate the inflammatory response of nerve cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to apoptosis of nerve cells, and causing cognitive impairment in mice.Nrf2 alleviates cognitive impairment induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Activation of Nrf2 protects cognitive impair-ment through the Nrf2-Prdx1 signaling pathway.

ObjectiveObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) seriously affects the children's cognitive functions, but the neuroimaging mechanism of cognitive impairment is still unclear. The purpose of our study was to explore the difference in brain local gray matter volume (GMV) between children with OSA and non-OSA, and the correlation between the difference regions of brain gray matter volume and cognitive, the severity of OSA.MethodEighty-three children aged 8–13 years were recruited in our study, 52 children were diagnosed as OSA by polysomnography, and 31 as the non-OSA. All the subjects were underwent high-resolution 3-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. The voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was be used to analyse the local GMV. The Das-Naglieri cognitive assessment system (DN: CAS) was used to assess the subjects' cognitive. The difference of local GMV between the two groups was analyzed by two-sample T-test. The PSG variables and the scores of DN: CAS between the OSA group and non-OSA group were compared by independent samples t-tests. Pearson correlation was used to calculate the association between the difference areas of gray matter volumes in brain and DN: CAS scores, obstructive apnea/hypopnea index (OAHI, an index of the severity of OSA).ResultsThe gray matter volume of the right Middle Frontal Gyrus (MFG_R) in OSA children were larger than the non-OSA children, and the OSA children had lower scores of the Word Series in DN: CAS. There was negative correlation between the scores of Expressive Attention in DN: CAS and the gray matter volume of the right middle frontal gyrus, and it was no significantly correlation between OAHI and the gray matter volume of the right middle frontal gyrus.ConclusionOur results suggest that the development of gray matter volume in frontal cortex, which associated with attention, were sensitive to the effects of OSA, provides neuroimaging evidence for cognitive impairment in children with OSA.

Background: The high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the world raises an important concern for human health. The western diet containing high fat and fructose is the risk factor for NAFLD development. Intermittent hypoxia (IH), known as the basis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), normally is correlated with impaired liver function. However, the role of IH in liver injury prevention has been revealed by many other studies based on the different IH paradigms. The current study, therefore, tests the impact of IH on the liver of high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFHFD) fed mice.Material and Method: Mice were exposed to IH (2 min cycle, FiO2 8% for 20 s, FiO2 20.9% for 100 s; 12 h/day) or intermittent air (FiO2 20.9%) for 15 weeks, with normal diet (ND) or high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFHFD). Indices of liver injury and metabolism were measured.Results: IH causes no overt liver injury in mice fed an ND. However, HFHFD-induced lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, neutrophil infiltration, and apoptotic process were significantly attenuated by IH exposure. Importantly, IH exposure altered bile acids composition and shifted the hepatic bile acids towards FXR agonism, which was involved in the protection of IH against HFHFD.Conclusion: These results support that the IH pattern in our model prevents liver injury from HFHFD in experimental NAFLD.

近年来，教育部颁发了《普通高中美术课程标准（2017 年版）》，对学生全面、个性发展作出引领性纲要，对提高学生的美 术核心素养和增强文化自信等方面提出了新的要求。但实际上，对于本人教育实习所在地当前的高中美术课程来说，学生普遍存在 对于美育教育的重视程度不够、认识不足；同时，教材内容似乎难以引起学生的兴趣。这或许是美术教师的教学方式单一、资源利 用不充分等原因造成的，于是一定程度上制约了学生的全面发展，没有很好地完成相应的素质教育转化。

开发利用档案资源服务党史宣传教育是档案部门的职责使命.笔者从分析运用新媒体开展党史宣传教育人手,阐述新时代背景下党史教育的重大意义,就如何在新媒体环境下,利用新媒体进行档案宣传,以便人们更好地认识档案、利用档案资源作出探讨,积极探索新时期如何更加有效地进行党史宣传教育,传承伟大建党精神.

ABSTRACT In recent years, the incidence of varicella cases is rising, and outbreaks of varicella are frequently being reported worldwide. Our study aims to analyze the association between the varicella incidence and serum antibody level in the post-vaccine era. We retrieved and analyzed the incidence and prevalence data for children age 1–14 years in Wenzhou, China during 2010–2018. A cross-sectional seroepidemiology analysis was carried out in a series of 168 general healthy children age 1–14 years as well as children at a varicella outbreak in Wenzhou. Our data showed a significant surge in the incidence and prevalence of varicella in children aged 10–14 years in 2017 and 2018 while they were kept relatively stable in 2010–2016. The seroepidemiological analysis revealed a 7.3-fold significantly higher level of serum varicella IgG in healthy control students who exposed at the outbreak than that in general healthy children (median 523.5 vs. 71.7 mIU/mL, p < .01). The children 10–14 years old had the lowest rate of second-dose vaccination among the three age classes (7%, 41%, and 65% in 10–14, 5–9, and 2–4 age class, respectively), and children 5–9 years old who received the second dose had a higher level of serum protective IgG than those who did not (254.7 vs 98 mIU/mL, p = .06). The findings from the present study warn a two-dose vaccine schedule to reduce the climbing incidence and prevalence observed in the older children and suggest a higher serum IgG threshold for effective protection of children from the varicella outbreak.

Introduction: Most children with serious infection diseases suffer from malnutrition. Vitamin D participates in the immune response through endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) regulation. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], AMPs [LL-37 and human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2)] in the children with pertussis. Methodology: Serum levels of 25(OH)D3, LL-37, and HBD-2 were detected in 116 children with pertussis aged at 1–12 months (67 males and 49 females). Fifty healthy infants at similar age were employed as normal controls. Results: The serum 25(OH)D3 levels in the children with mild (27.30 ± 5.98 ng/ml) and severe (24.40 ± 6.27 ng/ml) pertussis were significantly lower than that in the healthy group (30.16 ± 5.13 ng/ml; p <0.01). The vitamin D deficiency rates in children with mild (55.9%) and severe (78.12%) pertussis were significantly higher than that in the control group (34%; p < 0.01). The serum levels of LL-37 and HBD-2 were significantly higher in pertussis patients. Spearman rank correlation analysis did not show any correlation of 25-(OH)D3 with LL-37 or HBD-2. Conclusions: Most children with pertussis had vitamin D deficiency accompanied by elevated serum LL-37 and HBD-2 levels. However, the average level of 25(OH)D3 at 26.50 ng/ml in the infants with pertussis may not affect the immuno-regulatory ability; thus, the infants with pertussis still maintained a higher level of AMPs (LL-37 and HBD-2) against pertussis infection.

住院医师规范化培训(住培)是培养高水平专业人才的重要手段,是毕业后医学教育的重要组成部分.住院医师临床思维与决策能力的培养在住培阶段至关重要.我国部分住培基地仍采纳源自院校教育阶段以知识点传授作为教学活动目标的教学方法.目前亟需提高临床带教老师临床思维及决策能力的教学水平.文章将着重介绍住培阶段临床思维与决策能力的教学模式,旨在提高我国住培医师的临床诊疗水平.

目的 分析茵栀黄口服液与清蛋白对新生儿黄疸的疗效及对hs-CRP、AFP、TRF水平的影响.方法 选取2015年1月-2016年12月本院收治的新生儿黄疸112例,根据随机数字法分为对照组和观察组,各56例.2组患儿均给予吸氧、抗感染、纠正水电解质、营养支持及蓝光照射治疗等基础治疗,对照组基础治疗联合清蛋白治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合茵栀黄口服液治疗.观察2组患儿治疗效果及对患儿生长发育情况、血清因子水平影响.结果 2组患儿治疗3d、5d后血清胆红素水平均较治疗前下降,观察组患儿治疗后血清胆红素水平均低于对照组(P＜0.05).2组患儿治疗后hs-CRP、AFP及TRF水平均较治疗前改善(P＜0.05).观察组患儿治疗后胎便排空时间、黄疸消退时间短于对照组,每天大便次数多于对照组,hs-CRP、AFP、TRF水平优于对照组,生长发育情况好于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 茵栀黄口服液联合清蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸可促进胎便排空,快速消退黄疸,改善患儿hs-CRP、AFP、TRF水平,有利于患儿生长发育.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of nucleic acid (DNA) detection of Epstein-Barr (EB) virus in children infected by EB virus.Methods The children suspected of EB virus infection,the children with infectious mononucleosis (IM),and healthy children were enrolled in this study.Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) for amplification of EB virus DNA was adopted to detect DNA and load of EB virus in the three groups.Results The positive rates of EB virus DNA (viral load ≥500 copies/ml) in children suspected of EB virus infection,IM children,and healthy children were 24.08％ (124/515),74.67％ (56/75),and 5.00％ (1/20),respectively,there were statistically significant differences among these three groups (x2 =79.027,P＜0.05).EB virus load ranged from 4.56 × 106 copies/m1 to 4.31 × 102 copies/ml.Among the children with EB virus infection,the main diseases were bronchitis,pneumonia,and viral encephalitis,accounting for 21.77％,22.58％,and 16.93％,respectively;the secondary diagnosis in these children were myocardial injury,mycoplasma infection,and anemia,accounting for 50.81％,36.29％,and 33.06％,respectively.DNA loads of EB virus in healthy children were (0.4±0.09),(0.37-±0.08),(0.42±0.10),and (0.38±0.09) ×103 copies/ml in 1,2,3,and 4 weeks,respectively.DNA loads of EB virus among the children suspected of EB virus infection were (4.2± 1.3),(5.3± 1.2),(4.1±1.4),and (3.9±1.2) ×104 copies/ml in 1,2,3,and4 weeks respectively.DNA loads of EB virus among IM children were (5.5±1.2),(6.3± 1.3),(4.9± 1.5),and (4.4± 1.2) × 104 copies/ml in 1,2,3,and 4 weeks respectively.There were statistically significant differences in DNA loads of EB virus among the three groups in 1,2,3,and 4 weeks (F =73.06,104.30,129.55,158.62,all P＜0.05).Conclusion DNA detection of EB virus is conducive to diagnosis of EB virus infection in children,which can indicate the associated diseases.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common pediatric disease caused by enterovirus infection. It typically presents as a fever along with flat, discolored spots and bumps on the hands, feet, and mouth. Compared with other viruses, enterovirus 71 (EV71)-induced HFMD is more prone to cause severe complications in children, such as brainstem encephalitis, cardiopulmonary disorders, and even death. More in-depth studies are still necessary to understand the characteristics of EV71-induced HFMD, although some related research has been reported so far. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an inflammatory cytokine that can upregulate other inflammatory factors through its receptors, such as Toll-like receptors and the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts.We prospectively investigated the alteration of serum HMGB1, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels before and after treatment in 82 children with HFMD.We found that the serum HMGB1, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were significantly increased in EV71-induced HFMD, and that these changes were more serious in the severe and critical HMFD groups; however, there was no significant difference in the HMGB1 level between the normal control and mild HMFD groups. Moreover, the serum HMGB1 level was positively correlated with the alteration of serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations.These results suggest that HMGB1 is involved in the inflammatory pathogenesis of EV71-induced HFMD and that the serum level of HMGB1 could be applied as a clinical indicator for the severity of HFMD, and also a sign for the recovery prognosis of HFMD.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on apoptosis in Mycoplasma-infected splenic lymphocytes (SLs), and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: SLs isolated from C57BL/6J mice were infected with Mycoplasma. The infected SLs were administered at different concentrations of LBP for 4 h, and the proportions of apoptotic cells and levels of relative reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by flow cytometry. The expressions of proapoptotic genes and endogenous antioxidant enzymes were investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Results: LBP treatment produced dose-dependent reductions in apoptotic ratio and intracellular ROS levels of SLs (p < 0.05). In addition, the expressions of pro-apoptotic genes were decreased by LBP treatment with respect to mRNA and protein levels (p < 0.05). In contrast, mRNA and protein levels of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Furthermore, RT-PCR and Western blot results demonstrated that the expression levels of mRNA and proteins in Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 were up-regulated by Mycoplasma infection (p < 0.01), and further increased by LBP treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: LBP exerts a hyperactive antioxidant response encoded by Nrf2 to protect SLs from apoptosis induced by ROS-related oxidative damage after Mycoplasma infection. These results suggest that LBP may serve as a beneficial and dietary anti-Mycoplasma and anti-apoptotic agent.

Objective To analyze the association of clinical factors with disease severity and prognosis in child facial cellulitis.Methods A total of 49 children with community-acquired facial cellulites admitted in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2017 were recruited in the study.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the total duration of disease,the length of hospital stay,the length of fever and the age,the maximum temperature,white blood cell (WBC) count,C-reactive protein (CRP) value,the start time of intravenous antibiotic.T-test was used to analyze the effect of the choice of antimicrobial agents in the early course of the disease (normal β-lactam antibiotic or β-lactamase inhibitors antibiotics/vancomycin) on the total duration of disease,the length of hospital stay,the length of fever.Multiple linear regression analysis was performed with the length of hospital stay(Y) as the dependent variable,the age(X1),the maximum temperature (X2),WBC count(X3),CRP value(X4),and the start time of intravenous antibiotic(X5) as the independent variables.Results The length of fever was positively correlated with the maximum temperature,CRP value,and the start time of intravenous antibiotic (r=0.755,0.455 and 0.351,all P＜0.05),negatively correlated with the age (r=-0.304,P=0.034),and not correlated with WBC count (r=0.094,P=0.522).The length of hospital stay was positively correlated with the CRP value(r=0.442,P=0.001),and not correlated with other indicators (all P ＞0.05).There was no significance correlation between the duration of disease and other indexes(all P ＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the duration of disease,the length of hospital stay and the length of fever between patients normal β-lactam antibiotic or β-lactamase inhibitors antibiotics/vancomycin within 48h or 72h of disease onset (all P ＞0.05).The maximum temperature(X2) and the start time of intravenous antibiotic (X5) had linear regression with the length of fever(Y),and the regression equation was Y=-84.200+2.204X2+0.762X5.Conclusion The length of fever is correlated with the age,the maximum temperature,CRP value and the start time of intravenous antibiotic.The early use of antibiotics can shorten the course of community-acquired facial cellulites,and no matter the normal β-lactam antibiotic or β-lactamase inhibitors antibiotics/vancomycin are used.The maximum temperature and the start time of intravenous antibiotic have predictive significance for the length of fever.