目的 通过对1例新西兰籍华人ABO血型检测结果投诉的案例分析,探讨ABO血型检测结果的影响因素及入出境人员ABO血型检测方法的标准化.方法 接到投诉后,实验室对留样进行正反定型再测,并重新采血后送某三甲医院进行正定型玻片法和正反定型微柱凝胶法检测.结果 通过复测确定此例ABO血型检测结果为A型,此次投诉为无效投诉.结论 对有异议的ABO血型检测结果应同时采用另一种检测方法复检,并充分考虑检测试剂、被检人种族、疾病史等影响因素,规范入出境人员ABO血型检测复检流程,达到入出境人员ABO血型检测的标准化.

目的 了解中山地区出国留学生的跨文化适应性现状及其影响因素,为提高留学生跨文化适应水平提供科学依据.方法 利用自行设计的跨文化适应调查问卷开展无记名测试,并对部分人员进行深度访谈.结论 中山地区出国留学生整体跨文化适应水平较好,出国前加强知识储备、建立良好的社会网络、文化自信以及出国前培训等都可以有效提高跨文化适应能力.

Objective:To investigate the value of cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count (CSF-WBC), cerebrospinal fluid protein (CSF-Pro), cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase (CSF-LDH), cerebrospinal fluid glucose (CSF-Glu), cerebrospinal fluid chloride ion (CSF-Cl), serum C-reactive protein (S-CRP) and serum procalcitonin (S-PCT) in early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of purulent meningitis in children which provide scientific basis for clinical antibiotic treatment.Methods:380 cases of children hospitalized in Boai Hospital of Zhongshan affiliated with Southern Medical University from January 2015 to October 2020 were selected as the research object, including 163 cases of purulent meningitis, 110 cases of viral meningitis and 107 cases of non-central nervous system infection (control group). CSF-WBC, CSF-Pro, CSF-LDH, CSF-Glu, CSF-Cl,S-CRP and S-PCT levels in different groups were analyzed. The AUC area, sensitivity and specificity of each index for the diagnosis of purulent meningitis were calculated by the ROC curve.Results:Before treatment, the levels or abnormal rates of all indicators in purulent meningitis group were statistically significant compared with that in the control group or viral meningitis group. The area under the ROC curve of CSF-WBC, CSF-Pro, CSF-LDH, CSF-Glu, CSF-Cl, S-CRP and S-PCT in the diagnosis of purulent meningitis were 0.710, 0.834, 0.821, 0.736, 0.699, 0.740 and 0.787, respectively. The area under the ROC curve of CSF-Pro+CSF-LDH, CSF-Pro+S-PCT and CSF-LDH+S-PCT were 0.843, 0.888 and 0.867, respectively. The area under the ROC curve of CSF-Pro+CSF-LDH+S-PCT for the diagnosis of purulent meningitis increased to 0.890. The area under the ROC curve of CSF-Pro+CSF-LDH+S-PCT+S-CRP reached the maximum (0.907) in the diagnosis of purulent meningitis, the sensitivity was 0.820, the specificity was 0.905, the positive predictive value was 0.882, the negative predictive value was 0.854, and the test efficiency was the highest among all single or combined indicators. After active clinical treatment, the levels of all indicators and the abnormal rate changed to varying degrees, among which the levels of CSF-LDH, S-CRP and S-PCT levels were the most significant. The pre-treatment levels of CSF-Pro and CSF-LDH in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group, and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:The combined detection of CSF-Pro, CSF-LDH, S-CRP and S-PCT has a high diagnostic efficiency for purulent meningitis in children, among which CSF-Pro and CSF-LDH are of great significance for the therapeutic effect and prognosis evaluation. The above laboratory indicators combined with clinical symptoms and other auxiliary examinations can provide a scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of purulent meningitis in children.

随着海外中国留学生人数不断增加,异域文化的冲击使留学生面临的跨文化适应问题越来越受到关注.本文就国内外对海外中国留学生跨文化适应影响因素的研究成果进行综述,分析了跨文化适应的主要影响因素,结合国内留学生教育情况,借鉴目前国内外留学生心理健康教育方法,提出加强出国前培训、构建预警机制、建立多元化社会支持系统等方法,并依据国际旅行卫生保健中心工作实际情况提出了增强跨文化适应测评,建立跨文化适应档案和咨询室的建议.

目的 对我国驻非洲传染病监测哨点发热患者的虫媒传染病发病情况进行分析,为口岸虫媒传染病的早期预警和防控提供理论指导.方法 收集2017年我国驻安哥拉传染病监测哨点发热患者的血液样本,以实时荧光RT-PCR法检测黄热病毒、登革病毒、基孔肯雅病毒、寨卡病毒、西尼罗病毒、裂谷热病毒核酸;以实时荧光PCR法检测疟原虫、Q热立克次氏体、班氏丝虫、钩端螺旋体、血吸虫核酸.结果 142例发热患者中共检出各类传染病核酸阳性59例,包括疟原虫核酸阳性57例、登革热核酸阳性1例、疟原虫合并登革热核酸阳性1例.虫媒传染病核酸阳性患者与阴性患者在性别比、年龄阶段、来自地区以及出境时长等因素比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而在职业组成和四周内旅行史方面差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 对监测哨点发热患者的虫媒传染病发病情况的分析,有助于口岸卫生检疫部门提前应对,实施精准检疫,有效防止传染病跨境传播.