The American University in Cairo (AUC; Arabic: الجامعة الأمريكية بالقاهرة, romanized: Al-Jāmi‘a al-’Amrīkiyya bi-l-Qāhira) is a private research university in Cairo, Egypt. The university offers American-style learning programs at the undergraduate, graduate and professional levels, along with a continuing education program.The AUC student body represents over 50 countries. AUC's faculty members, adjunct teaching staff and visiting lecturers are internationally diverse and include academics, business professionals, diplomats, journalists, writers and others from the United States, Egypt and other countries.AUC holds institutional accreditation from the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE) and from Egypt's National Authority for Quality Assurance and Assessment of Education.
This paper introduces an active thermal management (ATM) system mitigating the thermal stresses associated with WA-DED of HSLA steel/CuSi/aluminum (Al) trimetallic structures. The study aims to regulate the formation of detrimental intermetallic phases at the CuSi/Al interface. Preliminary trials included quantitative porosity analysis and qualitative interfacial cracking inspection to obtain the appropriate processing parameters of Al-5356 on CuSi substrates. The developed ATM system enabled multi-layer deposition of trimetallic HSLA steel/CuSi/Al-5356 structures. Comprehensive microstructural analysis revealed a continuous 2 µm film of η-AlCu intermetallic phase along the CuSi/Al-5356 interface, and a 40 µm mixed zone of eutectic (α-Al + θ-Al2Cu) and intermetallic phases. Hardness measurement along the building direction passing through the interface between CuSi and Al layers revealed an abrupt increase in hardness up to (350 HV), which confirmed the formation of hard intermetallic phase along the CuSi/Al interface. Tensile testing of the trimetallic material along the building direction revealed a significant reduction in strength and ductility compared to the transverse tested single material samples due to the induced influence of the brittle intermetallic layer formed at the CuSi/Al interface.
Community Education models follow Freire’s critical pedagogy of empowering marginalized communities through a transformative pedagogy, yet leadership practices enabling facilitator empowerment remain underexplored. This study investigates the extent to which community school facilitators perceive their leadership as aligned with servant leadership, with empowerment as the most extensively measured construct in the instrument alongside other servant leadership dimensions (humility, stewardship, accountability, authenticity, forgiveness, courage, and standing back). Using the Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) administered to 271 female facilitators across six governorates, we employed latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify distinct patterns of leadership perceptions. Descriptive statistics revealed that facilitators perceive high levels of empowerment (M = 4.19) and stewardship (M = 4.21), while courage showed the lowest mean (M = 2.55). The Partial Correlation Network analysis shows Humility and Empowerment as the most central and positively connected traits, with tentative links through Authenticity and Stewardship and a perceived tension between Forgiveness and Courage. LPA identified four distinct profiles: Compassionate Leadership (23
Settings characterized by significant systemic challenges face profound difficulties in building a resilient health workforce, a critical component for achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). In Libya, a period of prolonged instability has fragmented the primary health care (PHC) system, resulting in uncoordinated training and a workforce ill-equipped to deliver essential services. This study evaluates a multi-year initiative designed to establish a standardized, nationally-owned in-service training (IST) system to strengthen PHC capacity. A phased, multi-method intervention was implemented from 2021 to 2025. The programme comprised: (1) a national landscaping analysis using desk review and stakeholder interviews to diagnose systemic gaps; (2) collaborative development of a national IST Framework via a multi-stakeholder Technical Working Group; (3) co-creation of evidence-based training materials reviewed by a national scientific committee; and (4) implementation of a Train-the-Trainer (ToT) cascade model with supportive supervision. A programmatic evaluation was conducted using pre-post knowledge assessments and thematic analysis of qualitative feedback to measure outcomes. The programme achieved national endorsement of a standardized 5-pillar In-Service Training (IST) Framework. A cohort of 35 Master Trainers was established (66
The iron and steel industry in developing economies is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and faces urgent pressure to decarbonize. Using Egypt as a case study, this research presents a cradle-to-grave Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate and compare the efficacy of alternative decarbonization pathways for fabricated steel production, based on primary data from a major production plant. A baseline scenario of 2,373.99 kgCO₂e/t was established for the raw material supply, transport, and manufacturing stages (A1–A3), against which five alternative scenarios were modeled, individually assessing key parameters: recycled steel content (30
