Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University is a state university established in 2015 in Bandırma, Balıkesir, Turkey.
Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC/osteonectin) is a matricellular protein involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and metabolic regulation. This study evaluated the association between serum SPARC levels and metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A cross-sectional case–control design was used, including 108 patients with T2DM and 105 healthy controls. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and laboratory data were collected. Serum SPARC was measured using a commercial sandwich ELISA kit (YL Biont, China). Associations between SPARC and metabolic indicators were analyzed, with subgroup comparisons by HOMA-IR, HbA1c, BMI, diabetes duration, and age. Compared with controls, patients with T2DM had lower SPARC levels and a more adverse metabolic profile, including higher TC, LDL-C, fasting glucose, HbA1c, insulin, and HOMA-IR and lower HDL-C (all p < 0.001). In T2DM, SPARC was inversely correlated with TC, LDL-C, fasting glucose, HbA1c, BMI, insulin, HOMA-IR, and diabetes duration, and positively correlated with age (all p < 0.05). SPARC levels were also lower in participants with HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5, HbA1c ≥ 7
This study examined the effects of an online mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) nursing support program (MenoMind) on vasomotor symptoms, stress, and quality of life in premenopausal women. This randomized controlled study was conducted at a medical faculty hospital in Turkey and included 74 premenopausal women. Data were collected using the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Visual Analog Scale for vasomotor symptoms, Perceived Stress Scale, and Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Scale. The MenoMind group received an eight-week online MBSR program, while the control group received routine care. Posttests were administered one month after the intervention. Following the program, the MenoMind group showed significant improvements in mindfulness and quality of life, along with significant reductions in stress and vasomotor symptoms, whereas no significant changes were observed in the control group. These findings suggest that online MBSR interventions may serve as an effective nurse and healthcare professional–led approach for improving psychological well-being and symptom management in premenopausal women.
Bladder cancer is rare in patients under 40 years of age, and its clinicopathological behavior in this demographic remains a subject of debate. This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological features and prognosis of bladder tumors in patients under the age of 40. This multicenter retrospective study included bladder transurethral resection, biopsy, and cystectomy samples obtained from patients younger than 40 years of age across 20 centers in Turkiye between 2010 and 2025. Among 1,555 biopsies, 445 patients were diagnosed as urothelial neoplasms. After exclusion of 45 patients lacking hematoxylin and eosin stained slides for re-evaluation, 400 urothelial neoplasms were included in the final cohort. All patients were centrally reviewed by three genitourinary pathologists to establish a consensus diagnosis. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, tumor localization, pathological stage, and histological subtypes were analyzed. Follow-up data were available for 206 patients and were used to evaluate clinical outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square tests with post-hoc analysis based on adjusted standardized residuals. Low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (LGPUC) was the most frequent diagnosis, accounting for 233/400 patients (58.3
Background:Diet quality and physical activity shape chronic-disease risk, yet the alignment between what adults know about nutrition and how they evaluate healthy eating remains unclear. Methods:Adults in Türkiye (N = 408; 46.3% women, 53.7% men; mean age 28.6 years) completed validated measures of nutrition knowledge (NKS) and attitudes toward healthy nutrition [ASHN; subscales: Information on Nutrition (IN), Emotion for Nutrition (EN), Positive Nutrition (PN), Malnutrition (MP)]. Lifestyle factors included smoking, alcohol use, and 7-day physical activity (sedentary/low/moderate/high). Analyses comprised t-tests, one-way ANOVA with Tukey tests, Pearson correlations, and multiple linear regression. Results:Knowledge and attitudes were only weakly aligned: higher NKS related to lower ASHN Total (r = -0.18, p < 0.001) and to IN (r = -0.21), PN (r = -0.11), and MP (r = -0.17); EN was null (r = -0.01). In regression, IN (β = -0.17, p = 0.001) and MP (β = -0.16, p = 0.006) were independently associated with lower NKS; overall fit was small (R 2 = 0.063; F(4,403) = 6.815, p < 0.001). Attitudes varied strongly by physical activity High > Low/Moderate/Sedentary for ASHN Total (F(3,404) = 10.10, η 2 = 0.07), IN (F = 8.10), and PN (F = 11.11); EN showed no group difference. Smoking showed a paradox: knowledge was higher among heavier smokers (F(3,404) = 3.47, p = 0.010), whereas attitudes were less favorable (Never/Former > ≥ 11/day for ASHN Total; F = 6.47, η 2 = 0.04). Non-drinkers reported higher ASHN than drinkers (t(406) = 2.48, p = 0.013) with lower MP (t(406) = 3.65, p < 0.001). Education displayed clear stepwise gradients for attitudes (e.g., ASHN Total F = 18.97, η 2 = 0.12), but not for knowledge. Age correlated positively with ASHN Total (r = 0.27) and EN/PN/MP, but not with NKS (r = -0.07). Conclusion:In this adult sample, nutrition knowledge and healthy-eating attitudes were largely distinct. Attitudes especially belief- and practice-oriented facets tracked physical activity and other lifestyle factors, whereas knowledge did not. Interventions should pair education with motivation, self-regulation, and contextual supports to convert knowledge into healthier eating.
The Cooperative-Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) require emerging Vehicular-to-Everything (V2X) applications, such as Advanced Driving Systems (ADS) and Connected Autonomous Driving (CAD), to support efficient road safety measures. These applications often require high reliability, throughput, and low latency by exchanging a significant amount of data among End-to-End (E2E) vehicles. However, current V2X communication technologies, such as DSRC and C-V2X, are not able to meet these stringent demands. Two or more Radio Access Technologies (RATs) are essential to guarantee the required Quality of Service (QoS) in high-density vehicular environments. To address this critical gap, this survey presents the 3M Framework—a hybrid vehicular architecture approach based on Multi-Radio Access Technology (M-RAT), Mobility Management, and Machine Learning (ML). The manuscript provides a detailed overview of V2X Multi-RAT evolutions, analyzing their state-of-the-art and limitations in heterogeneous scenarios. We specifically highlight that the existing Long Term Evolution (LTE)-based mobility management fails to meet V2X handover requirements for high-speed vehicles, necessitating a comprehensive overview of Vertical Handover (VHO). Furthermore, the survey details how the integration of ML promotes the prediction of network states, enabling optimized context-aware decisions for connectivity and resource allocation, thereby reducing Handover Failures (HoFs) and enhancing reliability using techniques like Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). Finally, based on a comprehensive review of existing methods, the paper identifies critical research directions and challenges required to realize intelligent, hyper-fast, and ultra-reliable Beyond 5G (B5G) and Sixth Generation (6G) V2X networks, delivering a more profound understanding for future endeavors.
