Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University is a state university located at Junagadh, Gujarat, India. It was established in 2015 by Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta University Act, 2015 of the Government of Gujarat.
Large carnivores face increasing challenges in human-dominated landscapes, where conflict undermines both livelihoods and conservation goals. We investigated the patterns, drivers, and community perceptions of human-leopard conflict in and around Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary, southern Aravalli Hills, Rajasthan, India, between 2011 and 2024. We documented a total of 572 conflict incidents, largely livestock depredation (98.08%), with goats, cows and calves being most frequently targeted. Conflict occurred year-round, peaking at night in cattle sheds and households. Modeling identified elevation, land-use/land-cover, distance to sanctuary, and distance to human habitation (DTHH) as strong predictors of conflict probability, with highest risk in built-up and scrubland areas near village peripheries. Husbandry practices, including poorly constructed cattle sheds seem to be associated with increased livestock vulnerability, while coping strategies (e.g., night guarding) were largely ineffective. Only 31% of depredation cases were claimed for compensation, and approved payouts were significantly lower than actual losses, reinforcing economic grievances. Encouragingly, no retaliatory killings were reported, reflecting cultural coexistence toward wildlife. Surveys (n = 201) revealed that local attitude were close to neutral, with only a slight negative tendency (mean attitude score = -0.2). Education level emerged as the strongest determinant of coexistence, with more educated respondents expressing greater positive orientation toward leopards. Our findings demonstrate that conflict in semi-arid landscapes arises from the intersection of ecological, socio-economic, and institutional factors. Effective coexistence strategies should prioritize leopard-proof livestock enclosures, equitable and timely compensation, education-based awareness programs, and landscape-level planning beyond protected areas to foster long-term human-leopard coexistence.
The current study presents the development and validation of a ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopic method for the quantification of pregabalin in its bulk and marketed formulations. To perform this study, pregabalin was first derivatized by conducting a conventional diazotization procedure and then coupled with β-naphthol at 2–5°C. The formed adduct showed its highest absorption maximum at 355 nm within the range of 200–800 nm on the UV-Vis spectrum. Further, the developed method was validated as per International Council for Harmonization guidelines. The method was linear over the concentration range of 0.06 to 0.24 µg/mL (r2 = 0.9971), with limits of detection (0.001 µg/mL) and quantitation (0.003 µg/mL). Intra-day (mean recovery of 99.5
This study compares the enzymatic antioxidant defence responses of two saponin-rich species, Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. and Acacia concinna (Willd.) DC. Dried fruit powders were analysed for catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities using standard spectrophotometric assays. Distinct interspecific variations were observed Acacia concinna (Willd.) DC. showed higher enzymatic activity, whereas Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. exhibited comparatively higher polyphenol oxidase activity. Enzyme kinetic parameters (Vmax and Km) were estimated using Michaelis-Menten modelling and Lineweaver-Burk plots. Acacia concinna (Willd.) DC. demonstrated lower Km and higher Vmax values for most enzymes, indicating superior catalytic efficiency and substrate affinity. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) revealed that the first two discriminant functions accounted for 96.53% of the total variance, and post hoc test (P = 0.05) confirmed significant differences in enzymatic profiles. The present study highlights the residual enzymatic potential, kinetic adaptability and biochemical composition of these saponin-rich species, emphasizing the role of enzyme efficiency in physiological stress defence response.
This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global research on the environmental impacts affecting. Data were retrieved using the PRISMA-based selection framework to ensure transparency and reproducibility. Mollusca from 1969 to 2024, encompassing 2,276 peer-reviewed documents with an average annual growth rate of 6.1
