Brainware University

Biofertilizers used in saleable formulations perform poorly in cold Himalayan regions owing to the suppressed metabolic activity of bioinoculants under low temperatures. Cold-adapted Actinobacteria, as potent plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), emerge as viable cold-active bioinoculants for sustainable nutrient management in high-altitude crop cultivation. This perspective aims to document the Actinobacterial metabolic diversity in the glacier bionetwork lying in the North-Eastern and North-Western Himalayan region. A comparative functional bioinformatics study of plant growth-promoting genes demonstrated distinct clustering of Himalayan versus non-Himalayan strains, driven by alanine/aspartate/glutamate metabolism, geraniol degradation, and pyruvate metabolism. This pioneering genomic differentiation of Himalayan actinomycetes from other cold habitats highlights unique cold-tolerance and plant growth-promoting factors that may target particular functionality for crop cultivation in the extreme glacier environment.

In this study, we propose a parity-time (PT) symmetry-based defected 1D-photonic crystal (PhC) structure operating in the THz regime (0.2-0.4THz) for the highly sensitive detection of oral cancerous cells. By introducing a complex refractive index profile that satisfies PT symmetry conditions, the proposed design exhibits non-Hermitian properties that enable sharp resonance features and tunable defect mode characteristics. Numerical simulations are carried out by employing finite element and transfer matrix methods, where the results demonstrate that the inclusion of PT-symmetric gain and loss media significantly enhances the sensitivity compared to conventional PhC sensors. We evaluated that the PT symmetry-based 1D-PhC structure bestows a sensitivity of 3.0 & times;1010%/RIU and 1.1 & times;1012%/RIU for gain/loss factor of 1.565488 and 1.613267, respectively. Besides, the design of the structure is simple and feasible to fabricate with available technology, which makes it the right candidate for the detection of early-stage oral cancer.

A strong peak of the X-ray spectra observed in collisions of 6.6 MeV/u ^238U on a ^64Ni Frégeau et al. in Phys Rev Lett 108:122701, 2012) was attributed to be originating from the compound nucleus ^302_120Ubn based ions. Though extremely small evaporation residue cross section (10^-9 fb) and nuclear decay properties favor such X-ray emission from ^302_120Ubn , but such a strong X-ray peak from a small fusion cross section is not possible. Furthermore, X-ray emission from the ion formed with the compound nucleus must be affected by the Doppler effects. Thereby, the origin of this X-ray peak ought to be something else. Interestingly, this particular X-ray peak not affected by the Doppler effect is found to be belonging to the two-electron one-photon (TEOP) process of thorium that is produced from the α -breakup reaction of the uranium projectiles. We show that the TEOP process emits the Doppler-free radiations and we can analyse the entire observed spectra by accounting this process in the atomic structure calculations. Remarkably, the intensity of this peak is nearly equal to that of thorium K_α peak. Such an unusual feature is possible from uranium X-ray absorption to the thorium excited states having a vacancy in the K-shell and and then a doubly excited state is formed with the fully vacant K-shell. Thus, we reveal that the particular peak does not at all originate from the compound nucleus rather it comes from the thorium TEOP process. Now this Doppler-free radiation phenomenon can help us to analyse correctly the spectra observed in the X-ray region where both the atomic and nuclear events prevail.

The objective of the present investigation was to preparesolid lipid nanoparticles of the BCS class II drug Glimepiride (GP) comprising coconut oil and Poloxamer 407, for improving the in vitro dissolution profile of the drug.Additionally, formulations were statistically optimized (32 full factorial experimental design) for focusing on the impact of independent variables on dependent factors of the nanoformulation (particle size, encapsulation efficiency, and drug content) through response surface methodology. Orally given lipophilic drug moieties, especially those in the BCS class II and IV categories, may have a number of issues that lead to poor absorption, bioavailability, and significant intra-and inter-subject variance.A biocompatible colloidal lipidic nanocarrier, solid lipid nanoparticles, are considered as potent substitute against traditional polymeric nanocarriers for delivering BCS class II and IV categories of drugs. Glimepiride solid lipid nanoparticles was prepared by solvent evaporation method and then physico-chemical parameters, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and stability profile of the formulations were assessed. The optimized Glimepiride SLNsdemonstrated particle size of 329.58 ± 0.63 nm, significant encapsulation efficiency (91.41 ± 0.13

This research focuses on creating a multi-objective inventory management model for supply chains that addresses the difficulties of product deterioration and poor-quality production in an intuitive fuzzy environment. The purpose of this research is to lower both total operational costs and carbon emissions to improve supply chain profitability and prevent global warming. To minimize carbon emissions, the study considers carbon cap-and-trade policies and green technologies. Preservation technology is used to slow decreased product deterioration, while reworking abilities are used to repair imperfect items. Additionally, investments in quality improvements are considered to boost demand. In real-world scenarios, inventory management parameters are often uncertain, and thus, triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are used to model these uncertainties. The study utilizes neutrosophic compromise programming to solve the resulting multi-objective model. The approach is demonstrated with a practical example, comparing crisp, fuzzy, and intuitionistic fuzzy models.