César Vallejo University

The generation of agricultural waste represents a significant source of environmental pollution. In response to this problem, the use of banana pseudostem fibres (BPF), obtained from banana plant waste, is proposed as a sustainable alternative in the construction industry. Concrete, widely used for its compressive strength, versatility, durability and affordability, has inherent limitations in terms of its behaviour under bending and tensile stresses. To mitigate these deficiencies, this research examines the incorporation of 20–25 mm long BPF as concrete reinforcement in proportions of 0.5

Drawing on Sen’s capabilities approach and digital empowerment frameworks, this study investigates digital literacy as a mediating factor in the conversion of structural resources into empowerment outcomes for indigenous women artisans of native cotton in northern Peru. A cross-sectional explanatory study involving 100 craftswomen used structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the impact of technological infrastructure, sociodemographic factors, and sociocultural knowledge on economic, personal, and social empowerment, with digital literacy as the necessary mediating mechanism. A 45-item questionnaire assessed predictor variables, the four mediator dimensions (cognitive, technical, social and communicative competencies) and the three domains of empowerment as dependent variables. PLS-SEM analysis in SmartPLS 4.0 showed that the model fit well (SRMR = 0.072, CFI = 0.931) and that the structural factors accounted for 80.4% of the variance in digital literacy. The mediator had a large effect on all areas of empowerment but had the largest effect on economic empowerment (β = 0.846, R2 = 0.709) compared to personal and social empowerment (β = 0.618, β = 0.628, R2 ≈ 0.37). The indirect effects validated the mediating role of digital literacy, demonstrating its function as an essential conversion mechanism that transforms infrastructural, sociodemographic, and knowledge resources into tangible empowerment gains. The results provide empirical support for skills-based frameworks in digital inclusion initiatives, advancing SDGs 5, 8, and 9 by illustrating how digital skills empower vulnerable artisanal communities to transform traditional knowledge and access to technology into multifaceted empowerment outcomes.

Farmers are at risk of excessive exposure to solar radiation. Knowledge and practices in photoprotection were evaluated and barriers to sun protection were explored among insured farmers in Bagua Grande. A mixed methodology with a sequential explanatory design with quantitative dominance was used. A questionnaire in Spanish, “CHACES,” was administered to 203 farmers selected by simple random sampling, and seven people were interviewed in depth to achieve data saturation. The survey data were synthesized using Stata statistical software, and the interviews were analyzed thematically. 83

The study aligns with Sustainable Development Goal No. 12 by promoting responsible and efficient production practices within the agro-industrial sector. The objective was to evaluate the application of Lean Manufacturing methodology in optimizing the production process at a winery located in Lambayeque, Peru. The research was applied, with a quantitative approach, using a single-group pre-experimental design with measurements before and after the intervention (pre-test/post-test). The population and sample consisted of the entire production process of the winery. Data collection techniques included document analysis and observation, the instruments used for data collection were the record sheets. The intervention included the coordinated implementation of Lean Manufacturing tools, specifically the 5S methodology and the Business Model Canvas, aimed at improving operational organization, reducing waste, and strengthening the production process. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. Data normality was verified using the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the Student's t-test for related samples was then applied. The results showed statistically significant improvements in the production process after the intervention. The average efficiency of the production process increased from 69.15% in the pretest to 90.41% in the posttest, while effectiveness increased from 82.03% to 95.20%, with significance values below 0.05. These findings indicate that the implementation of Lean Manufacturing methodologies was associated with a substantial improvement in operational performance. It is concluded that the implementation of Lean Manufacturing tools effectively contributed to the optimization of the wine production process, strengthening the efficiency, effectiveness, and operational management of an agro-industrial company in northern Peru.

This study aimed to examine the limitations of Articles 8, 13, and 15 of Internal Regulation RR No. 03669-R19 that affect individual rights within the academic sphere of a public university. The methodology comprised a qualitative approach and a hermeneutic design, supported by a hermeneuticinterpretive, socio-legal, dogmatic, and theoreticaldescriptive perspective. The study was developed under a grounded theory design, and the sample consisted of seven experts and two legal documents selected through purposive and convenience sampling. The findings revealed structural, functional, and budgetary limitations affecting the University Ombudsman's Office, reducing its autonomy, effectiveness, and capacity to protect individual rights. These limitations weaken its ability to guarantee due process, academic freedom, and the effective protection of members of the university community. The results highlight the need for regulatory reforms and institutional strengthening measures to improve the effectiveness of the University Ombudsman's Office and ensure better protection of individual rights within the university environment.