The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), originally known as Lahore Veterinary College, is a public university located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. It is accredited by the Pakistan Veterinary Medical Council (PVMC). It has additional teaching campuses in rural areas of the Punjab, Pattoki and Jhang.Established in 1882, it is one of the oldest institution of veterinary sciences and microbiology in Asia and one of the earliest institution founded by the Great Britain in indian subcontinent. Since its inception, it maintained its reoccupation as one of the famous and renown institution Veterinary and animal sciences and conducts wide range of research in microbiology and development of human resources. It was also affiliated with University Of Agriculture, Faisalabad for some years and then become a distinct entity. The university offers undergraduate, post-graduate and doctoral programs in diverse fields of animals health, food irradiation, security and safety. The university maintains its highest ranks and regarded as one of the top university in "agriculture" category by the Higher Education Commission (Pakistan) (HEC), as of 2010. 'New Campus/ Ravi Campus Pattoki' In June 2002, on the up gradation of the college of veterinary sciences to the status of the University, Punjab Government allotted about 1000 Acres at Pattoki for the establishment of the sub campus for the education and research work activities. This is named as University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Ravi Campus). Aim/Vision/Objectives To impart quality education with rich opportunities of Hands on Training & research. Development of about 1000 acres of land taken over from Government of Punjab. Preparation of land for cultivation of fodder for experimental animals Production of fodder for University farms (Dairy & Small Ruminants) Sowing of fodder cash crops etc. for income generation Commercialization of research and expertise from the university also plays and generates significant economic growth and business opportunities in Pakistan, as many recommendation by university's think tanks are adopted by the government. The university's own program is focused towards building efforts on poverty reduction, prosperity, livestock production and building a generation of trained manpower in the country.
Reproductive disorders remain a major cause of subfertility and infertility in human and animals, encompassing ovarian dysfunction, endometritis, impaired endometrial receptivity, and treatment-induced gonadotoxicity. These conditions substantially reduce reproductive efficiency and quality of life. In recent years, advances in translational medicine have shifted focus toward regenerative strategies, particularly stem cell-based therapies, as alternatives to conventional pharmacological or surgical interventions that often yield limited or transient benefits. Among these, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as promising candidates for infertility management due to their self-renewal ability, multilineage differentiation potential, low immunogenicity, and robust paracrine activity. Growing preclinical and early clinical evidence demonstrates that MSC-based therapies can restore ovarian function, enhance folliculogenesis, promote endometrial regeneration, and modulate inflammatory and fibrotic microenvironments associated with female infertility. Notably, these effects are mediated primarily through the secretion of bioactive factors, stimulation of angiogenesis, regulation of apoptosis, and immunomodulation rather than direct cell replacement alone. Despite their therapeutic promise, challenges related to targeted delivery, therapeutic precision, and safety remain. In this context, emerging targeting strategies, particularly aptamer-based approaches, represent a rational advancement to enhance MSC efficacy. Aptamers are short single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules with high affinity and specificity for target proteins, offering advantages over antibodies, including improved tissue penetration, minimal immunogenicity, and ease of synthesis and modification. This review aimes to summarizes current progress in MSC-based therapies for female infertility and highlights aptamer-guided targeting strategies to improve therapeutic precision, efficacy, and safety.
Achillea arabica Kotschy, known locally as “Thafera’a” in Saudi Arabia, has been widely used in traditional medicine for treating various human ailments, including diabetes and skin inflammation. In the current investigation, we sought to unravel the phytochemical profile, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities of A. arabica ethanolic extract (AAEE) using in vitro and in silico approaches. The extract contained substantial total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC = 87.15 ± 1.15 mg GAE/g DE and TFC = 26.2 ± 0.15 mg QE/g DE). Furthermore, UHPLC-QTOF-MS2 analysis exhibited a broad spectrum of metabolites, chiefly phenolic acids and flavonoids. Key compounds included chlorogenic acid, isorhamnetin, kaempferide, Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside, naringenin and apigenin. This rich phytochemical profile underpinned the extract’s potent bioactivities, as demonstrated by its ability to scavenge DPPH• radicals (IC50 = 135.99 ± 0.87 µg/mL) and ABTS+• radicals (IC50 = 422.02 ± 11.02 µg/mL), reduce metals (FRAP EC50 = 548.70 ± 0.06 µmol Trolox/g dry extract), inhibit α-amylase enzyme (IC50 = 233.65 ± 5.03 µg/mL), and suppression of protein denaturation (IC50 = 138.33 ± 2.23 µg/mL). Docking analysis showed strong binding of flavonoids to the target proteins with energies of −8.3 to −9.8 kcal/mol, while 200 ns molecular dynamics confirmed stable binding of the 1OSE–cosmosiin complex. ADMET predictions indicated favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles for naringenin and apigenin, and DFT calculations supported these findings by revealing suitable electronic properties. These results demonstrate that A. arabica is recognized as a significant source of biologically active metabolites with therapeutic potency, validating its traditional medicinal use and warranting further in vivo and clinical investigations to confirm its effectiveness.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most contagious viral infections affecting livestock, including cattle, water buffalo, pigs, sheep, goats, and African buffalo. Caused by the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), it continues to impose a significant economic burden, with annual losses estimated at up to 21 billion U.S. dollars. This review examines the worldwide epidemiology and control of FMD through a One Health approach, emphasizing the interconnectedness of animal, human, and environmental health. Vaccination remains the most effective strategy for preventing and controlling FMD in both endemic and non-endemic regions, particularly when vaccines are well-matched to circulating strains. However, silent circulation of FMDV, where animals carry and shed the virus without showing clinical signs, presents a critical challenge to eradication efforts. Mucosal immunity emerges as a key component of protection, serving as the first line of defense at the virus’s point of entry and playing a vital role in blocking transmission. Equally important is the establishment of robust and systematic surveillance systems capable of detecting asymptomatic FMDV infections, which are essential for identifying hidden reservoirs and preventing undetected spread. Effectively combating FMD requires coordinated efforts that go beyond vaccine development alone. Success depends on integrated surveillance networks, strict quarantine and movement restriction policies, reliable diagnostic infrastructure, and the implementation of One Health frameworks that bring together veterinary services, agricultural authorities, and public health sectors. Together, these strategies bridge the gap between disease control and ultimate eradication.
The toxic gases released from mining and industrial processes pose significant risk occupational safety and environmental integrity. In this context, design of efficient sensing materials for effective monitoring and detection of such gases is of considerable interest. In the current study, density-functional theory calculations are employed to explore oxygen containing toxic gases (SO3, NO2, CO2, CO, and O3) on COF-1. Interaction energy, QTAIM, EDD, NBO, and FMO studies all contributed to a thorough comprehension of the analytes@COF-1 complexation. NCI and QTAIM analyses have been employed for probing the non-covalent interactions. The present study shows that NO2@COF-1 system has exhibited the greatest charge transfer in the NBO analysis, while the CO2@COF-1 system has shown the lowest. The outcomes of NBO charge transfer have been further strengthened with EDD analysis. FMO study reflects that COF-1 is most sensitive to O3 analyte as observed from a substantial decrease in the HOMO-LUMO energy gap i.e. 6.21eV compared to bare COF-1 surface. All studied analytes have shown that the surface is more sensitive towards O3 compared to other analytes.
Acinetobacter baumannii poses a severe threat in healthcare due to its highly adaptive genome and rapid spread of multidrug and extensively drug-resistant traits. Carbapenem resistance exceeds 70% in ICUs, with cancer patients showing even higher rates, including 94.1% of isolates carrying multiple carbapenemase genes such as OXA-23-like, NDM, and KPC. These strains, largely from International Clone II, exhibit strong virulence and environmental persistence. Immunocompromised patients face poor outcomes, with septicemia mortality reaching 49.5% and risk amplified by prolonged hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, invasive procedures, and prior carbapenem exposure. Limited therapeutic options, including toxic last-line colistin, further complicate management. Emerging AI-designed nano-vaccines offer promising preventive strategies for vulnerable populations.
