Damanhour University is located in Damanhour, Beheira Governorate, Egypt. Originally a satellite campus of Alexandria University, it was granted independent university status in 2010.
The transient rotational relaxation of a rigid spherical particle subjected to a suddenly applied constant torque is investigated in an incompressible micropolar fluid. The analysis is performed within the framework of Eringen’s micropolar continuum theory under creeping-flow conditions. Velocity-slip and spin-slip boundary conditions are incorporated to account for interfacial effects. The governing equations are solved analytically in the Laplace transform domain. The transient particle angular velocity is then recovered by numerical inversion of the transformed solution. An exact analytical solution is also obtained in the Newtonian limit and is used to validate the general formulation. The results show that the angular velocity increases monotonically toward its steady-state value, whereas the angular acceleration decays continuously with time. Increasing the particle-to-fluid density ratio delays the rotational response because of enhanced particle inertia. Stronger micropolar coupling introduces additional hydrodynamic resistance and prolongs the relaxation process. In contrast, increasing the spin parameter accelerates the transient response by reducing the resistance to microrotation at the particle surface. The slip parameter exhibits a non-monotonic influence. Moderate slip enhances the rotational response, whereas excessive slip weakens the hydrodynamic coupling between the particle and the surrounding fluid. Overall, the results demonstrate that fluid microstructure and interfacial slip jointly govern the transient transfer of angular momentum. The proposed formulation provides new physical insight into torque-driven particle motion in complex fluids and is relevant to microfluidic systems, suspension rheology, targeted drug delivery, and other microscale applications.
Despite optimal lipid-lowering treatment, numerous older adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease continue to experience progression driven by inflammation, referred to as residual inflammatory risk. Cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) significantly contribute to vascular inflammaging; however, pharmacological interventions in aging populations are still inadequately investigated. This review synthesizes evidence regarding the role of SASP in atherosclerosis and critically evaluates senotherapeutic strategies, emphasizing mechanisms, preclinical efficacy, and translational potential. Senescent endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and foam cells aggregate in plaques, secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, MCP-1) and matrix metalloproteinases that enhance plaque susceptibility. Two complementary pharmacological strategies have emerged. Senolytics (dasatinib combined with quercetin, fisetin, and lanatoside C) specifically eradicate senescent cells by inhibiting anti-apoptotic pathways (BCL-2, PI3K/AKT, and HSP90). Senomorphics (rapamycin, metformin, JAK/STAT inhibitors, NF-κB inhibitors) attenuate SASP expression through modulation of mTOR, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT pathways. Preclinical studies indicate that senolytics diminish the burden of senescent cells, reduce plaque area, and limit necrotic core expansion, while simultaneously improving plaque stability. Senomorphics provide comparable advantages with profiles appropriate for prolonged utilization. Targeting SASP constitutes a rational strategy to alleviate residual inflammatory risk. Nonetheless, significant knowledge deficiencies persist concerning patient selection, dosing protocols, drug-drug interactions with cardiovascular treatments, and long-term safety. Translation necessitates stringent clinical trials in geriatric cardiovascular patients. This review offers an extensive pharmacological framework for senotherapeutics in atherosclerosis.
This study introduces a novel wafer-based nanoplatform integrating quercetin (QER)-loaded, chitosan-coated oleosomes (F3) with green-synthesized Polycladia myrica-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles (PZnONPs, 22.95–29.51 nm) into sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) matrices for enhanced antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective effects. Comprehensive characterization confirmed nanoscale uniformity, high QER encapsulation (96.7
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) includes a unique group of human neoplastic diseases that derive from fetal trophoblastic tissues. Choriocarcinoma is the most aggressive type of GTN, and patients tend to develop early systemic metastases. It can be either gestational or non-gestational in origin. Although most patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia are cured by chemotherapy and tumor resection, some patients suffer from metastatic diseases that are refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Therefore, new therapeutic regimens are needed to reduce the toxic effects associated with current chemotherapy and to salvage the occasional non-operable patients with recurrent and chemo-resistant disease. Until the fundamental biology of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia becomes more clearly understood, development of a new treatment will remain empirical. It has been shown that the antidiabetic metformin, by its antiproliferative effect, can reduce the proliferation and metastasis of choriocarcinoma. However, the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of metformin in treating gestational choriocarcinoma are not fully elucidated. Therefore, this review will briefly summarize the recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of metformin in gestational choriocarcinoma.
