Dhaka Dental College and Hospital, abbreviated DDC, is the largest dental school in Bangladesh. It was the first dental school in East Pakistan and was established in August 1961. It's the only governmental dental college in Bangladesh that oversees a 200-bed hospital in Dhaka.
Finite element analysis (FEA) is redefining how three-dimensional (3D)-printed bone scaffolds are designed and validated. By digitally predicting stress, strain, and deformation before fabrication, FEA is transforming the field of 3D-printed bone scaffolds by offering a predictive framework to design and validate mechanically robust, biologically active constructs. This review summarizes how FEA-driven strategies optimize scaffold geometry, pore architecture, and material properties, ranging from polymer-ceramic composites to hydrogel blends, under physiological loads. We highlight multiscale modeling approaches that connect microscale porosity to overall strength and discuss live integration of printer feedback for rapid design iterations. Experimental and early clinical validations reveal FEA predictions within single-digit error margins and demonstrate scaffold-guided bone ingrowth in patient-specific implants. Finally, we examine emerging AI-enhanced methodologies for real-time optimization, challenges in modeling degradation and cell remodeling, and propose standardized workflows to accelerate the clinical translation of FEA-informed bioprinted bone scaffolds.
Background: Most oral cancers start in squamous cells, making up over 90% of oral cancers. It is the 11th most common disease worldwide, with two-thirds of cases in low- and middle-income countries. More than 7,000 new cases are diagnosed every year in Bangladesh and the mortality rate is 6.6%. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 adult patients (≥18 years) attending the outpatient department of Dhaka Dental College Hospital, Dhaka to estimate the proportion of oral cancer and to find out the associated factors of oral cancer. Participants were taken by convenience non-probability sampling technique. Data were collected by means of face to face interview using pretested semi structured questionnaire with clinical oral examination and histopathological confirmation wherever applicable. Data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive statistics to summarize variables, and chi square tests. Results: The mean age of participants was 58.7 ± 10.6 years, with 39.2% aged between 55-64 years. The female’s participants were 56.4%. Most participants had low educational and income levels, with approximately two-thirds earning less than 35,000 BDT per month. High prevalence of behavioral risk factors observed, including smokeless tobacco use (72.0%), betel quid chewing (73.2%), and smoking (43.6%). Histopathological findings revealed squamous cell carcinoma in approximately two-thirds of patients, while precancerous lesions identified in about one-third. The evidence of oral cancer was associated with gender, occupation, residence, family history, habit of betel quid chewing, swelling in the oral cavity and presence of sharp teeth (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Oral cancer among patients attending a tertiary dental hospital in Dhaka is strongly associated with modifiable behavioral risk factors. These findings highlight the need for strengthened public health interventions focusing on tobacco control and early detection through routine oral cancer screening.
The incidence of oral cancer is significantly increased by a lack of knowledge about its risk factors and early symptoms. This study aimed to assess patients’ knowledge and awareness of oral cancer and precancerous lesions attending the outpatient department of Dhaka Dental College Hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 342 patients aged 18–76 years using convenience sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire assessed knowledge of risk factors, signs and symptoms, treatment, awareness of screening, and sources of information. Continuous data were dichotomized into ‘good’ and ‘poor’ knowledge levels using median splits—an approach that may limit statistical interpretability. A score of ≥ 50
Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a global health concern, affecting millions of individuals with persistent hyperglycemia, and is progressively related to advanced health complications. In this article, we will discuss the potential anti-diabetic effects of Elettaria cardamomum compared to standard medications. Objective of the study In a previous Research, the anti-diabetic potential of Elettaria cardamomum was assessed using powdered fruit suspended in solvent. Our current study utilized a 60% ethanolic extract to enrich the concentration of sinapoylquinic and feruloylquinic acids that demonstrated promising antihyperglycemic potential in our in-silico analysis. The antidiabetic effects of these constituents in Elettaria cardamomum have not yet been explored, which forms the basis of the current investigation. Materials and Methods This study involves 50 male Wistar rats, divided into 10 groups of 5 rats each. After induction of diabetes with alloxan (150mg/kg), the diabetic rats in groups 4, 5, and 6 received 60% ethanolic extract of Elettaria cardamomum at different concentrations. Anti-hyperglycemic activity and overdose toxicity studies were performed. Histopathological tests and enzymatic activity were conducted on kidneys, livers, and pancreas following sacrifice and ice-cold saline cleansing. Results and Discussion In this study, the effects of cardamom were compared with those of the standard medication, metformin. Metformin significantly reduces blood sugar levels after a glucose load. Our medium (600 mg) and high dose (900 mg) demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.05) change in blood sugar levels, lowering it by 53.92% and 59.98%, respectively. Moreover, Elettaria cardamomum showed a substantial hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and anti-hyperlipidemic effect in a statistically significant manner (p < 0.05). Again, histopathological examination reveals that Elettaria cardamomum significantly reduces hyperglycemia-induced cellular damage in the liver and pancreas in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Feruloylquinic and Sinapoylquinic acid-rich extract of Elettaria cardamomum showed significant therapeutic activity at a 600 mg dose despite trace concentrations of rutin and β-sitosterol. Sinapoylquinic acid may exert diminished anti-diabetic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats if it works as a DPP-IV inhibitor. So, it indicates the superior anti-diabetic activity of Feruloylquinic acid in that case. Also, a synergistic effect of both Sinapoylquinic acid and Feruloylquinic acid, along with other known or novel bioactive compounds, may induce anti-diabetic activity.
Background: Esthetic demands have become increasingly important in modern dentistry, and the quality of the restoration finish particularly surface roughness plays a critical role in determining the long-term clinical success of resin-based composite restorations. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of different finishing and polishing techniques on the surface roughness of composite restorations. Methods: This cross-sectional study at the Department of Science of Dental, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh (June 2023 to May 2024) included 100 participants receiving composite restorations, randomly assigned to Mylar strip, diamond burs, Sof-Lex discs, or multi-step polishing; surface roughness (Ra) was measured and analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p<0.05). Results: Among 100 participants (mean age 28.5±6.0 years; 48 males, 52 females), surface roughness differed significantly across finishing techniques (p<0.001). Mylar strip produced the smoothest surfaces (0.08±0.02 µm), diamond burs the roughest (0.62±0.15 µm), and Sof-Lex discs (0.18±0.04 µm) and multi-step polishing (0.22±0.05 µm) were intermediate. Post-hoc tests confirmed significant differences between most pairs, except between Sof-Lex and multi-step (-0.04 µm, p=0.120). Conclusions: The type and sequence of finishing and polishing techniques significantly affect the surface smoothness of composite restorations, with Mylar producing the smoothest and diamond burs the roughest surfaces.
