Durgapur Government College, India, is the only government college not only in the home district of Paschim Bardhaman, but also in the neighbouring districts of Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum. It was established on 15 September 1970. It is affiliated to Kazi Nazrul University. It is funded and administered by the Government of West Bengal. Direct administrative control lies with the Director of Public Instruction, Higher Education Directorate, Government of West Bengal.The college offers 3-year undergraduate degree courses in Arts, Science and Commerce as well as postgraduate courses in Geology, Conservation Biology and Chemistry.
Understanding how amino acids interact with nanostructured cages is useful for designing platforms for bio-interfaces, adsorption, and sensing. Here, first-principles DFT calculations were used to investigate the interaction of glycine with two inorganic nanocages, Al12N12 & B12N12, considering both vacuum and an aqueous (implicit) environment. Structural optimization and adsorption energetics were combined with electronic descriptors (frontier orbitals and global reactivity indices), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) mapping, and bonding analyses using QTAIM/RDG and ELF. The results show that glycine forms stable adsorbed complexes on both cages, with stronger binding in water than in vacuum. In vacuum, adsorption energies are −25.32 (Al12N12) and − 28.45 kcal mol−1 (B12N12), while in water they increase to −34.37 (Al12N12) and − 36.21 kcal mol−1 (B12N12). Complex formation also increases dipole moments (e.g., from near-zero for pristine cages to 2.44–3.45 D for Al12N12 complexes and 1.06–1.77 D for B12N12 complexes) and modifies energy gaps and chemical descriptors, consistent with interfacial polarization and charge redistribution. QTAIM/RDG and ELF analyses indicate that stabilization is dominated by non covalent interactions (hydrogen bonding/electrostatic contributions), supported by measurable charge transfer (net transfer up to ∼0.23 e depending on the medium and cage). Overall, B12N12 shows slightly stronger adsorption than Al12N12, and the solvent environment enhances binding and electronic response, highlighting these nanocages as promising scaffolds for glycine-related adsorption/sensing studies.
The adsorption behavior of 2-(4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)-N-(p-tolyl)acetamide (OTA) on silver nanoparticles was studied using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and density functional theory (DFT). The presence of various inactive Raman modes in SERS is due to polarizability variations in the presence of metal. Negative adsorption energy shows strong bonding between silver and OTA. Structural characteristics represent charge transfer of the metal cluster that underwent bonding with OTA. The hardness and chemical potential of OTA are 1.6527 and −4.4407 eV, while these in OTA1 (C=O near to Ag6) are 1.1789 and −3.7449 eV, and the reduction in these values shows a strong shared interaction with OTA and Ag. The υC=O are observed in SERS at all concentrations and show up and down changes in frequencies, giving interaction with Ag and orientation changes with concentration changes. Since OTA is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitor, docking with 1GQR and 6ASM gives binding affinities of −8.5 and −7.8 kcal mol−1. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicate that docked OTA remained stable, maintained by H-bonds. When OTA was near Ag6, changes were observed in electron density at several places.
The problem of anemia is persistent among Indian women of reproductive age for decades. It is the major cause of morbidity among adolescent girls and women in developing countries during menstruation and pregnancy. Exploration of NFHS-5 data (2019-21) reveals that around 56 percentages of women of age group 15–45 are anemic and they were married before 18 years of age. Apart from food habits and iron deficiency we have explored the societal determinants influencing the incidence of anemia among Indian women. Multinomial Logistic regression is applied on non-pregnant ever married women using NFHS 5 dataset. The adjusted odds of the incident of anemia is greater for women who has married before 18 years of age and who has witnessed parental violence in childhood and the results are significant at 1
We investigate photon propagation and black hole optics in the simultaneous presence of Lorentz-violating gravity, dispersive plasma, and axion–photon mixing. Lorentz violation is modeled through constant nonidentical rescaling of the lapse functions, as motivated by bumblebee gravity, while plasma and axion effects are incorporated via an effective refractive index. Using a Hamiltonian formalism, we derive modified photon trajectories and analyze their impact on the photon sphere radius, black hole shadow, and gravitational lensing in a Schwarzschild background. We find that Lorentz violation significantly amplifies medium-induced effects, leading to observable modifications in the effective photon sphere radius, shadow size, and deflection angle. The influence of the Lorentz-violating parameter is asymmetric: Positive values enhance these observables, whereas negative values suppress them relative to the standard case. Remarkably, this behavior is universal across different observables, indicating a coherent modification of photon kinematics. The deviations are further strengthened in the presence of inhomogeneous plasma distributions, highlighting a nontrivial interplay between spacetime structure and propagation media. Order-of-magnitude estimates relevant to Event Horizon Telescope observations of Sgr A^* and M87^* are presented. Our results demonstrate that strong gravity observations can provide complementary constraints on Lorentz violation, plasma environments, and axion–photon interactions.
Secure image encryption methods with strong cryptographic performance and high speed have become more crucial due to the quick development of multimedia communication and real-time image transmission. In this research, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform is used to construct a hardware-efficient image encryption technique based on the combination of chaotic dynamics and Cellular Automata (CA). The suggested technique makes use of Cellular Automata’s rule 110 innate parallelism and randomness to generate pseudo-random sequences, and one dimensinal ternary chaotic mapping increases the encryption process’s unpredictability and key sensitivity. Confusion and diffusion operations are carried out using the hybrid CA-chaos architecture to provide strong encryption for both color and grayscale images. The suggested design’s low latency, real-time capability, and hardware viability are demonstrated by FPGA implementation Strong resistance against statistical, differential, and brute-force attacks is confirmed by security and performance assessments employing histogram uniformity, correlation coefficient, entropy, NPCR, UACI, key space, and NIST randomness tests. According to experimental results, the suggested technique offers excellent security with effective hardware utilization, which makes it appropriate for real-time secure picture transmission applications with limited resources.
